Identification of raw herbs

Character identification

Cinnamomum tuberosum is cylindrical in shape, and it is semi-cylindrical, slightly twisted, and of varying length. It is 5 to 20 mm thick, grayish yellow or yellow, smoother or wrinkled, with obvious lenticels. And leaf marks. Hard, breakable, gray cross-section, the wood was radial texture, showing many small round holes; cut open, twisted to one side, the wood split from the ray part of the scallop fan scallops opened like. Gas slightly, bitter taste. The broad tendon traits were concentric with green cattle gall bladder, and the cork was yellow-green in appearance.

The product is an oblong oblique or short segment, about 0.9 to 2 cm in diameter, and the length of the small cane cut into segments is 3.5 to 5 cm. The surface is brown and there is a visible longitudinal groove pattern; the epidermis is thin, and it is not evenly covered, often with xylem. Separated. Cut off the surface of gray, with a clear chrysanthemum pattern, white pith; body light, loose quality. No gas, slightly bitter taste. It is better to use large, white.

Microscopic identification

Cross-section of the stem (about 5 mm in diameter) of the heart and green cattle cattle: 15 to 30 columns of cork cells, arranged in a dense and interphase. The outer cortex 2 to 5 columns are stone cell groups, arranged in a ring, and part of the cavity contains calcium oxalate crystals: cortical parenchyma scattered in the cracks. The vascular bundle is externally tough, with a curved mid-columnar sheath fiber bundle on the outside, with crystalline fibers; a layer forming a loop; a wood section occupying a 3/4 section; a catheter with a round shape, a diameter of 15 to 340 μm; a wood part with crystal fibers; Ray cells 5 to 15 columns, pith and other parts of the parenchyma cells have more starch grains. The cross-section of the gluten vine is similar to that of the heart-leafed yak. ​​The bizarre points are: the cork cells are arranged in 10 to 20 columns, and the arrangement is dense. In the cortical stone cell ring, there are calcium oxalate crystals, and the cortical parenchyma cells are scattered in the secretory cavity. The diameter of the round pipe is 15-400μm, and the number of the wooden ray cells is 10-30.

Powder identification

The heart leaves green cattle gall powder light gray, odorless. Cork cell surface polygon view, yellowish brown. The diameter of the catheter was 50 to 340 μm, and 15 to 25 μm of the thread. Stone cells are round to polygonal, with diameters ranging from 30 to 60 μm, with a small number of cavities with square crystals and a square crystal length of 10 to 45 μm. Bast fiber bundles, woody, diameter 15 ~ 30μm, surrounded by parenchyma cells with cubic crystal growth sheath fiber, wood fiber diameter 15 ~ 35μm, sheath, starch single round, oval, like meniscus Shape, umbilical point was cracked or spotted, long diameter 5 ~ 20μm; complex grain rare, composed of 2 to 3 capsules.

The gluten vine powder powder microscopic examination is similar to that of the heart and green yak gall bladder. The exceptions are: the diameter of the reticular catheter is 60-400 μm, and the diameter of the thread is 15-30 μm. Stone cell diameter 20 ~ 40μm, complete or more complete contain calcium oxalate crystals, square crystal length 5 ~ 30μm. Wood fiber wall herringbone pits. Single grains of starch are round or oval-shaped, diameter 3 ~ 20μm, a few 2 ~ 3 complex.

Physical and chemical identification

(1) Cornea leaf green cattle bile coarse powder 5g, add methanol 30ml reflux for 1 hour, filter, take the filtrate 2ml, add 4 drops of 7% hydroxylamine hydrochloride methanol solution, heat slightly on the water bath, add dilute hydrochloric acid after cooling to pH 3 ~ 4, plus 1% ferric chloride ethanol immersion 2 to 3 drops, that orange. (check lactone)

(2) Cornea leaf green cattle bile coarse powder 5g, add acidic ethanol 30ml, reflux for half an hour, filter, take filtrate 1ml, add 3% sodium carbonate solution 1ml, heat on boiling water bath for 3min, ice water bath cooling, add new Diazotization reagent 1 to 2 drops, that is, red. (check lactone)

(3) Take 15ml of the acidic ethanol filtrate in item (2), adjust it to neutral with 5% ammonium hydroxide solution, dry it on a water bath, add 6ml of 5% sulfuric acid solution, filter, and separate the filtrate 1ml 4 Test the following in the test tube:

1 Add 1 to 2 drops of mercury iodide solution to produce a yellow-white precipitate;

2 Add 1 to 2 drops of cesium-potassium iodide test solution to produce orange-red precipitate;

3 Potassium iodide potassium iodide test solution 1 to 2 drops, producing a brown-red precipitate;

4 Add 1 to 2 drops of silicotungstic acid test solution to produce a white precipitate (check alkaloids). Kuanjin rattan was positively responsive to the above three tests.

Drug Application Identification

The same Tibetan medicine name, the stem of Polygonum aubertii Hem, a Tibetan medicinal plant in Qinghai and Gansu, and the root of Sophora flavenscens Ait., a Tibetan medical leguminous plant in Aba Prefecture, Sichuan, and used in parts of Deqin, Yunnan, and Mangkang, Tibet The stalks of the genus Melocene Holboellia fargesii Reaub. may be used in the region.

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