Summer is in a hot and rainy season. High temperatures, heavy rain, and thunderstorms often hit crops, especially vegetables.

high temperature

Endangering high-temperature heat damage has an adverse effect on the growth and development of vegetables and the formation of yield, which is the basic reason for the formation of a “deep autumn” in the supply of vegetables. For example, tomatoes in the early flowering stage when the temperature above 40 °C will cause the fall, the longer the longer the fruit setting rate; the bean pollination rate above 30 °C greatly reduced; cucumber at 32 °C above the net assimilation rate decreased.

One of the defensive measures is to plant heat-resistant vegetables in summer, such as wax gourd, gourd, kidney bean, spinach and so on. In the cold mountainous areas with high altitudes (above 600 meters), a high-temperature off-season recharge production base is established; interplanting high-stalk crops with shade and cooling; such as eggplant and sweet pepper intercropping. The second is timely watering, cooling through evaporation heat. In the high temperature and drought season, spray irrigation is the best, but watering at high temperature around noon should be avoided, because sudden cooling will cause physiological obstacles to vegetables. The third is to adopt shade cultivation. Summer shade net (cool yarn) cover cultivation, can prevent direct solar radiation burns vegetables, compared with open ground cultivation cooling 3 °C ~ 5 °C, is conducive to cool summer vegetables. The fourth is to use growth regulators to control the falling flowers. If 2,4-D dip and p-oxyphenoxyacetic acid are sprayed, tomato and eggplant can be prevented from falling due to high temperature.

rainstorm

After the impact of the seeding, it was impacted by heavy rain. The seeds were scattered to the bottom of the ditch or exposed to the surface of the earth, causing seedlings to fall. After the emergence of the topsoil, it was washed by heavy rain, exposing the root system, exposing the sun to sunlight, and drying the sprouts. All kinds of vegetable seedlings were damaged by rainstorm machinery, their growth potential decreased, their yields decreased, and their market share was low, resulting in the phenomenon of “high prices for vegetables less”.

One of the defensive measures is to vigorously construct water conservancy, dredge rivers, reinforce seawalls and embankments, renovate easy-to-use areas, implement deep-groove and high-altitude cultivation, and maintain trees and trees to maintain water and soil. Field trenches should communicate with each other, and they should be able to drain freely. The second is when the rainy weather, drainage or mechanical drainage should be timely drainage, flooded plants should promptly wash away the silt on the stems and leaves, remove rotten leaves, straighten the plants, the soil slightly dry after the timely cultivation of loose soil top dressing. The third is to plough the soil and apply more organic fertilizer to improve the physical properties of the soil and increase the water seepage capacity. This will have a certain effect on reducing rain and dampness.

Hot Thunderstorm

In summer, due to the strong solar radiation, the ground is rapidly warming, causing a large number of hot and humid air to rise violently, often producing strong thunderstorms. This is called thermal thunderstorm. It mostly occurs in the afternoon, and the more sweltering and windless weather is, the more likely it is to happen. Hot thunderstorms often bring about great harm to cucumbers, eggplants and leafy vegetables, especially to young seedlings.

The best way to prevent defensive measures is to timely watering after rain and use sprinkler irrigation better. Because after the watering can fully saturate the tillage layer, the moisture brings in oxygen, and the toxic gas is discharged, the root's respiration will be improved, and the water absorption function will increase. After irrigating the water, the temperature can be reduced, which is beneficial to the growth of vegetables and is not conducive to the propagation of bacteria. Watering can also be used to flush sludge that is splashed on the foliage, which is beneficial for photosynthesis.

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