At present, food safety has become a hot topic in today's society and has received great attention from the world. In particular, growing leafy vegetables to meet organic standards has encountered many difficulties. One of the difficulties is how to use pesticides. This article is based on biological control. How to better use the organic-standard pesticides that meet the organic standards for pest control, so that the China Agricultural Network will try to reduce the overall cost under the premise of guaranteeing the quality of vegetables.

First, the test subject: the cruciferous crop of broccoli as the test object, the test area of ​​60 acres, because cruciferous vegetables are the most harmful pests in leaf vegetables, prevention and control of the most difficult class, if successful can be better Promotion of other vegetable varieties.

Second, the control of objects: Broccoli more susceptible to diamondback moth, cabbage caterpillar, Gan Lan night larvae damage.

III. Planting situation:

Broccoli adopts the cultivation method of raising and transplanting seedlings, raising seedlings in greenhouses, transplanting at the time of two leaves and one heart, the transplanting period is July 10, and the harvesting period is from early September to late. The variety is Manduo Green.

Fourth, control measures:

The key is to strengthen the field observation, find out the appropriate period of prevention and cure, and take the targeted application of pesticides in order to exert the control effect of biological agents.

1. Determination of the best period for prevention and cure: Through the observation of the amount of eggs in the field and the degree of egg development, the peak period of egg hatching is predicted, and the optimal period for the prevention and control is selected from the peak of egg hatching to the age of larva before 1-2, and the worm age is large. First, there is a need to increase the amount of drugs used and the resistance of pests increases to increase the difficulty of prevention and control. Second, biological pesticides have their own limitations. For example, pyrethrins need to be sprayed directly onto the pests' bodies or the insects crawl over the body and the agents cannot be used. Completely dry, it plays a quick-kill effect; and Bacillus thuringiensis also needs to be attached to the body of the pest, and then multiply in its body, causing it to slowly die. The effect is relatively long, but the effect is relatively diffuse, and the errors of vegetable yellow leaf disease prevention and control all these factors determine that the best period of prevention and control should be identified when taking control of biological pesticides. The difficulty is much lower. The main task is to observe the occurrence of each pest in fields without asking questions, and to judge the pest occurrence trend through field records so as to prepare for prevention and control in advance.

2. Control agent: 5% pyrethrin EC or BT (Bacillus thuringiensis)

3, use method:

In the early period when the plants are small (6--7 leaves before) can be taken alone 5% pyrethrin EC 800-1000 times liquid, plants can be taken after 6-7 leaves BT (50-100 g / a) and 5 % Pyrethrin EC (500-800 times solution) mixed. Plants are lush and have a high worm age. The use of artificial sprays requires spraying on the front and back of the leaves. The spraying time is best in the evening and early morning. It is forbidden to use drugs in hot weather conditions. It is best to use insecticidal lamps to prevent and control adults at the same time as the control of pesticides. It is effective for adult pests such as caragana larvae, adult moths of Plutella xylostella, leaf beetles and chafers, and can control the eggs of major pests to provide protection for the control of pesticides.

V. Survey results and analysis:

The investigation time was from August 4 to September 11 and was observed every day in the early period. The interval was one day after the last day. The number was set at four points and five at each point. The observed items were pest species, worm age, and the death of pests after treatment.

Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, and Penniless, in our investigation of the growth period of broccoli, there have been two generations, the main damage is a generation, there is a high period of time, the time is from August 7 to August 19; survey pests The total number of Chinese cabbage insects accounted for 93% of the total, and the rest were Plutella xylostella (in the early August and late August of the survey), and Ganlan night robbers (mainly at the end of August of the survey, egg mass increased significantly). The total amount of major pests during the growth period was controlled by the chemical from the peak of 15 or more per plant, to 3-5 per plant, and the eggs, first-instar and second-instar larvae accounted for about 80% of the total observations. The larvae after the third instar were Controlled by pharmaceutical agents only accounts for about 20% of the total amount, so that pests are always controlled within a relatively safe range of control during the period when the growth of vegetables is easily endangered. Until the temperature falls at the beginning of September, the development of pests is delayed. On the lush plants, enter the reproductive growth period, leaves aging, pest damage reduced.

From the perspective of the use of organic bio-pesticides, the control effect was achieved and the ideal quality of vegetables was obtained. Its use effect was not lower than that of chemical pesticides, but it was also seen from the fact that during the course of use, the content of technology was high and there was no professional guidance. It is highly likely that the next-generation use will not achieve the desired control effect and will result in a significant increase in the cost of prevention and control. It must also be pointed out that the use of bio-sourced pesticides is only a control measure in the cultivation of organic vegetables and also requires the integration of other control measures. Application can achieve the ideal prevention and control goals.

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