Zhanhua Dongzao is a rare and rare fruit in Zhanhua County, Shandong Province. Zhanhua Dongzao is well known both at home and abroad for its nutrient-rich and excellent taste. Jiang Yuxiang, vice president of Zhanhua Dongzao High-end Products Research Association, said that at present, 500,000 mu of Zhanhua winter jujube grows well and has high quality. It is estimated that the total production of Zhanhua winter jujube will reach 700 million kg this year. Compared with the previous years, the output will increase slightly. However, some problems in the current development of Zhanhua winter jujube industry need to be solved, and it is necessary to attract the attention of the farmers.

1. Diazo phosphorus, light potassium fertilizer. The fertilization habits of local farmers to grow dates are usually diammonium plus urea, and do not pay attention to the application of potassium fertilizer. Potassium is an essential nutrient for high-yield and high-quality winter jujube, and is closely related to the disease resistance and fruit quality of winter jujube. The trace elements in the soil are deficient and the organic matter content is insufficient. As the production of winter jujube has increased year after year, the quality has declined year by year. This is in line with the current concept of fertilization of the common people, there is still a phenomenon of hormone preservation, contempt for the use of high-quality foliar fertilizer for regulation.
2. In recent years, jujube farmers mistakenly believe that more and more resistant to storage, "picking green" for sale and storage, resulting in less than 10% of the total sugar content of winter jujube, affecting the taste and edible value of winter jujube, thus impacting the winter jujube brand.
3. There is still a certain gap in the standardization of pollution-free production. After large-scale cultivation of winter jujube, the pests and diseases are very serious. There is still a certain gap between pest control technology and pollution-free production requirements. The use of chemical fertilizers is not standardized and can not balance fertilization. Fertilization should be based on the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers, and targeted application of trace element fertilizers.

Winter jujube water and fertilizer management

Winter jujube has the characteristics of late sprouting and early defoliation. Generally, it sprouts in mid-April and the jujube begins to grow. The jujube head has a long-term branching speed from mid-May to late June, and basically stops growing in late July, with a growth period of 50-90 days. After germination, the main buds of the jujube stocks grew 1 to 2 mm and then stopped growing, and the secondary buds sprouted to form jujube hanging.

The jujube crane began to grow slowly, and the growth reached its peak in mid-May. After flowering, the growth slowed down, and the growth stopped in the middle and late June. The growth period of the leaves was 50-60 days. The leaves began to bloom in the middle and late October, and the leaves were also shed after the leaves. Before the planting, the land will be leveled. After planting, the soil will be ploughed, and the whole garden will be covered with grass, covering 20 cm thick wheat grass, keeping the soil moisture and adjusting the soil temperature.

Fertilize. After harvesting every year, the base fertilizer is applied to the ditch, and 50-100 kg of organic fertilizer is applied per mu. In the first half of June, the fruit fertilizer is chased. Each plant is chased with urea 0.5-1.0 kg. Three key waters are seized throughout the year, namely sprouting water and flowers. Before the water, the young fruit expands the water, and it is suitable for pouring. When the water is accumulated in the rainy season, it is drained and prevented from flooding.

Winter jujube plastic trim

Winter jujube shoot bud characteristics. The winter jujube tree has three main buds, a secondary bud and an adventitious bud. The main bud is located in the top of the developmental branch (jujube) and in the lateral leaf axils, and the main shoot of the top of the shoot branch of the mother branch (jujube), the vitality is relatively strong. The secondary bud is located above the side of the main bud. The accessory buds in the upper part of the fertility development shoots result in the result of the branch (secondary branch), the growth of the lower part of the shoot or the result of the branch, and the resulting shoots on the mother branch sprouted the result branch (jujube).

Adventitious bud: the location and time of germination are uncertain. Generally, it is developed from the thin-walled cells of the trunk and the mechanical wound of the main branch. It can germinate into a new jujube. Adventitious buds play an important role in updating and trimming. The main bud of winter jujube is to sprout the jujube head, forming a tree skeleton or a result branch group.

Plastic pruning is to stimulate the germination of the main buds, and to cultivate the stems and the resulting branches. Young tree shaping. The winter jujube tree is a strong hi-light tree species, and the young tree shaping and pruning should adopt different tree shapes according to different densities. Each of the 667 square meters planted about 55 plants with a small crown layer.

This article URL: Change the concept of fertilization to improve the quality of Zhanhua winter jujube

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