Rape cultivation in rapeseed is a technical reform to increase yield. The indicators are: clams at the end of November, 9~10 green leaves of the main stem, leaf area index of 1.5 or more; 12 to 13 green leaves of main stem before wintering (end of December), leaf area index of 2.5 or more: no bolting, maximum leaf length 40 to 50 cm, width 15 to 17 cm. The growth of rapeseed cultivation in autumn is mainly to make full use of the temperature and light resources before winter. According to the determination, the autumn hairstyle can improve the utilization rate of light energy by about 30% in winter before rape. The number of green leaves is more than 2 to 3, and the effective branching of a single plant increases by about 2 and the grain weight increases by 5%. Autumn hair in rape cultivation should grasp the following points.

1. Adhere to "three early" cultivation. One is early broadcast. Autumn rape cultivation, sowing time should generally be more than 15 days ahead of the winter hairstyle (conventional cultivation), generally September 15 to 20 is the appropriate fall rapeseed sowing period. The currently promoted Brassica napus varieties can be cultivated in autumn. Early maturing varieties, especially cabbage varieties, are prone to early infestation and early flowering, and are vulnerable to freezing damage. They should not be used as autumn hair cultivation. The second is strong seedlings planted early. Generally, it can be cultivated in single-season paddy fields and early-maturing double-season paddy fields in mid-to-late October. Five to six leaves are selected, and the height is about 20 centimeters. The strong rhizomes of rhizomes and strong seedlings without pests are transplanted. In general, 5000-6000 strains of rapeseed are planted per acre, and about 4,500 to 5,000 strains of oilseed rape are planted. The third is early management of the autumn, autumn rape cultivation, rapeseed yield per acre to reach more than 200 kilograms, should generally be applied pure nitrogen 17.5 kilograms, phosphorus pentoxide 8.75 kilograms, potassium chloride 8.75 kilograms. Among them, base fertilizer accounted for 50%, Miaofei 30%, and manure fertilizer accounted for 20%. Miao Fei should be applied early, that is, after transplanting Shi Ding root water, plus 2-3 grams per gram of urea, Miaomiao early return to green: in the rape after Mushi urea 8 to 10 kg, and promote early hair, fast hair. In order to ensure safe wintering, in December, 1000-1500 kg of fertilizer can be applied to the mu, but no chemical nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to prevent it from being overly tender and frozen.

2. Autumn hair rape management grasp "four defenses." One is pest control. Rape seedlings are at a high temperature during the seedling period. Aphids, cabbage caterpillars, etc. are harmful. Prevention must be strengthened so as to avoid loss and infectious virus diseases, and prevent the formation of strong seedlings and autumn crops of rapeseed. Two defense line seedlings. Strong seedlings are the basis of autumn rape seedlings. If the seeding density is too high, the seedlings are not timely, and the base fertilizer is insufficient, high-line seedlings will be produced, the survival rate will be low after transplanting, the seedling period will be prolonged, and the returning green period will be delayed, making it difficult to fall. Therefore, it is necessary to dilute the seeding and sowing. It is advisable to select 400-500 g of seeds for seed quality per acre seedbeds. The second is early seedlings, uniform selection and retention of strong seedlings, after the emergence of uniform seedlings between 2 or 3 times, to the three-leaf period of 15 cm per square centimeter beds. The third is to spray a 15 mg/kg paclobutrazol to control seedling height at the 3 leaf stage to prevent emergence of tall seedlings. At the same time, strengthen the management of seedbed fertilizer and water, prevent drought, waterlogging and prevent de-fertilizer. 3 leaves before the promotion, 3 leaves after the control, age transplanting. Three antifreeze damage. Autumn hair rape has formed a larger vegetative body before winter and is prone to frost damage, resulting in leaf rigidity, purplishness, and even death. Prevention of frost damage is an important part of autumn rape cultivation. At the same time, it is best to spray “potassium dihydrogen phosphate”, “spray-applied” and “802” plant growth regulators on the foliage to improve the cold resistance of rapeseed. Cultivate the roots and increase the coverage. The cultivator can loosen the soil, promote new roots, and increase soil temperature. Rapeseed root neck exposed to the most vulnerable to cold, combined with cultivator before weeding in the soil for rooting, has a certain role in reducing the root damage. The combination of warming fertilizer and earthing before the freezing protects the neck of the rapeseed and has better antifreeze effect. Clearing up the "three ditch" to thicken the root soil layer is also beneficial to keep warm and prevent freezing. If the weather suddenly turns cold, you can cover the straw in the rape leaf surface, apply a layer of grass and wood ash between the plants, protect the leaves, and mitigate the attacks of cold wind on the root of the rapeseed. Four preventions of early death. In autumnal cultivation, due to earlier sowing date, faster growth, higher temperatures encountered, prone to early moss, cold resistance of rape, and vulnerability to frost damage resulting in reduced yields, based on the cultivation of strong seedlings and early planting , Strengthen the post-planting management, timely removal of the early emergence has occurred, and topdressing quick-acting fertilizers to promote the development of branches. For the well-growing, prematurely convulsing budding plots, it is possible to inhibit reproductive growth and delay convulsions by deeply cultivating and damaging parts of the root system. Early onset of picking should be selected on sunny days before the onset of low temperature, in order to suppress the top growth advantage, delay the growth period, and enhance the plant's ability to keep out the cold. Immediately after picking the earthworm, we must immediately apply the available fertilizer, applying 5 kg of urea per acre or 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate to promote the growth of rapeseed.

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