“In the past few days, the leaf veins of the cucumber leaves in my shed began to shrink and the veins were distorted, like the sweaters were drawn on the line. What are the reasons?” On October 29, Zhenglu Town, Shanghe County, Shandong Province, surnamed Liu The melon farmer called the reporter for a telephone call.

On November 1st, invited by the newspaper office, the teacher Zhang Lining of this newspaper went to the shed of the melon farmer to help the farmers analyze the cause of the disease.

In Feng’s home, one of Jin’s old sheds saw the top edge of his cucumber with gold rims, transparent white spots between the leaves, and chlorosis between the veins. It appears that the plants are dwarfed and the internodes are short, especially the melon segments at the top become shorter, the new leaves become smaller and appear “parachute-like”, and individual leaves also curl upwards as spoons or spoons, and the leaves dry from the edges inwards.

It is understood that the old feng used fertilizer this year more fertilizer, the greenhouse used area of ​​1.2 acres, using 100 kg of potassium sulfate fertilizer, 150 kg of diammonium phosphate, this summer and the use of 1 ton of ammonium bicarbonate boring over the shed.

According to the on-site investigation and analysis, this is due to calcium deficiency caused by bad heads of cucumbers. In the absence of calcium in cucumber, firstly, the top new leaf begins to rot. When the calcium deficiency is severe, the petiole becomes brittle, and it is easy to fall off. The plant begins to die from the top and the necrotic tissue is gray-brown. The cucumber flower is smaller than the normal cucumber, the fruit is also small, and the flavor is poor. .

The actual soil will generally not lack calcium, but in the case of multiple fertilizers, especially in the case of multiple potassium and polynitrogen, the absorption of calcium will be hindered. Occasionally, it may suffer from fog, low ground temperature, absorption of roots is inhibited, moisture absorption and calcium absorption are insufficient, or greenhouses do not release air for a long period of time. The transpiration of cucumber leaves is inhibited, and calcium deficiency is lost. Since calcium is transported along with the water in the plant body and reaches the ground from the roots, the water metabolism in the plants is not smooth, and calcium will not reach the top of the stems and leaves. The symptoms of cucumber calcium deficiency and rotten head will appear. .

It was noon time in the cucumber sheds in Chenglu Town, Shanghe County, but the peasants were anxiously waiting for Zhang's arrival. When we walk into the greenhouse, we see that most of the leaf veins in the middle and lower parts of the cucumber are shriveled. As the farmer said, veins distort and shrink like sweaters are drawn. By analyzing the diagnosis, this is a symptom of cucumber deficiency.

The boron-deficient leaves of cucumber were shrunken along the leaf veins, the veins were distorted, the leaf blades were deformed outside, the leaf margins were chlorotic and yellow irregularly, and the yellowing sites were linear. In severe cases, the leaves near the growth point are atrophic and dry. Sometimes, the fruit of the cucumber is wood-embedded, and a large cavity is formed in the melon. The melon strip is curved.

In recent years, physiological diseases of greenhouse cucumbers have become common. If attention is not paid to the timely addition of trace elements, the yield and quality of cucumbers will be affected. When we visited during the survey, we found that when farmers used fertilizers, they did not pay enough attention to trace elements. Most farmers now correctly recognize the symptoms of cucumber fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, and insect pests. However, the deficiency of crops is still unclear for the first time. What is lacking in the soil is not known in the mind. The micro-fertilizers currently sold on the market are uneven, and there are still some problems with individual micro-fertilizers. Farmers generally attach importance to the use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and even excessive use, but the use of trace elements in the lack, which is one of the reasons causing some greenhouse cucumber physiological diseases. In addition, continuous cropping for many years, repeated planting, single fertilizer, and soil compaction can all affect the absorption of trace elements by cucumbers.

The lack of calcium in cucumber should be timely foliar calcium supplementation, calcium deficiency is the emergency measure is to use 0.3% calcium chloride or calcium nitrate solution spraying leaf, twice a week. Can also be combined with water top dressing, using agricultural ammonium nitrate 10-15 kg per mu. Avoid using large quantities of potash and nitrogen fertilizers at a time, so as not to affect the absorption of calcium. Usually cucumber management, irrigation should be timely, to ensure adequate water.

Boron deficiency in cucumber should be based on rooting and boron supplementation. Per acre rushing United States Pridden fish protein 4 kg + 2 kg borax; foliar spray 1-2 times 800 times borax solution can relieve symptoms of cucumber boron deficiency.

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