Perilla, stems, leaves and seeds can be used as medicine, the leaves are called the Suye, with a decomposed table and cold, gas and stomach effect; its fruit is also known as Suzi, black Suzi, wild pock, iron Su The child has the effect of lowering gas and eliminating sputum, relieving asthma and lungs; There are two varieties of basil, one is wrinkled basil, also known as back Su, cockscomb; one is the tip of basil, also known as wild basil, more cultivation of crumble leaf basil in China. The cultivation techniques are now described as follows:

First, seed germination

Perilla seeds belong to the deep dormancy type and can germinate after 4-5 months of postharvest sowing. If anti-season production is required, low temperature and gibberellin treatment must be performed to break the seed dormancy. The method is to treat the freshly harvested seeds with 100 mg/l gibberellin solution and put them at 3 °C low temperature and light conditions for 5-10 days, and then put them under 15 °C to 20 °C light for 12 days. Seed germination can reach more than 80%.

Second, planting seedlings

For planting seedlings, fertile soil plots should be selected. 1.5 kg ternary compound fertilizer should be applied per square meter of seedbed. After turning the soil, the footing water should be poured and the seeds should be uniformly spread on the bed surface. The amount of 20-25 grams. When seeds are sown, they should be sown on the bed surface, covered with a thin layer of 0.3 cm thin fine soil, and then cover the film. If necessary, cover straws, heat and moisturize. The daytime temperature is 20°C-25°C, and the temperature is kept at about 15°C during the night. After the emergence of the film in a timely manner to remove the seedlings, the general seedlings 3 times, 3 cm from the seedlings. At the same time, attention should be paid to ventilating and ventilating the seedbeds to prevent the emergence of tall seedlings. Wherever nursery seedlings are cultivated, the seedlings must be cultivated 15 days before planting to enhance the adaptability of the plant to the outside world after planting.

Third, do the earthwork

Each mus of mature organic manure 3-5 cubic meters, superphosphate 20 kilograms, ammonium sulfate 10 kilograms, potassium chloride 4 kilograms, and the soil is fully mixed, made into a width of 1.0-1.5 meters flat, require the formation of surface roughness Take a live broadcast. According to the spacing of 30 cm to open a shallow ditch, ditch depth of 2 cm or so, drilling planting, covering soil, watering, seeding amount of about 200 grams per acre. When the cotyledons are spread, the seedlings are planted 1-2 times in 30 cm intervals. Seedlings were planted and planted at a spacing of 3030 cm. Planting density per acre was 6000-7000 strains.

Fourth, field management

During the production period, 7-8 times of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizers were patrolled according to the seedlings. In the whole growing season, the soil was kept moist and was conducive to rapid plant growth. 20-25 days after planting, the first temporal lobe should be removed, and the old leaves below the fourth quarter should be completely removed, and leaves above 12 cm wide should be removed and marinated in the fifth quarter. Perilla strong branching, to fight in time, while at the same time after watering, the surface of the soil when the white whitish to protect the earth, is conducive to the growth of roots, and in the peak period of entering the blade picking, apply 1-2 times per acre ternary Compound fertilizer 25 kg. After the late autumn cultivation, before the onset of the early frost, the perilla seedlings are planted on a small high ridge in greenhouses at a spacing of 2530 cm. After easing the seedlings, the cultivating and cultivating are promoted in a timely manner. The greenhouses maintain 22°C-28°C during the day and 15°C at night. . If you encounter continuous cloudy snow weather, you need to pay attention to the greenhouse insulation and ventilation to ensure the normal growth of plants. In order to inhibit the differentiation of flower buds, increase the number of leaves and yield, 3-4 tablets in the true leaf stage and 5-6 hours at night.

V. Prevention of pests and diseases

Perilla contains volatile oil, has a special odor, and has antiseptic effect. Generally, it is rarely harmful to pests and diseases. In case of powdery mildew and rust, spray 50% sulfur suspension 300 times or 15% Triadimefon 1500-2000 times, or 50% Versilin 800 times; if Spodoptera exigua and cabbage are found The moth harms the leaves and can be sprayed with 10% to dilute the suspension by l600 times, or 2.5% by Kung Fu EC 2500 times, and 5% by Sodium Chloride 800 times. The spraying time should be arranged immediately after picking the leaves. The safety interval for spraying is 10-15 days.

Sixth, scientific harvest

Perilla as an export commodity needs to be harvested according to the standard. The harvesting standard is: the widest point in the middle of the blade reaches more than 12cm, no defect, no hole, and no spot. For the use of medicinal basil leaves, when the autumn seeds are ripe, the ears are cut off, and the left leaves and stems are stored in shade and dried.

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