How do sika deer safely pass winter?

Male deer and female deer enter the rest period of winter reclamation after the end of breeding from September to November each year. Although the deer do not breed in the winter, it is closely related to the velvet and calving of the following year. In winter, if you do not provide good feeding and management conditions, there will be no high yield in summer. Therefore, it is an important part of raising the deer's winter feeding and management to improve the economic benefits of deer and ensure safe and successful wintering. To this end, according to the current experience and practice of deer conservation around the country, several breeding and management techniques related to deer before the winter season are highlighted as follows:

First, pay attention to the insulation of the deer

Although the deer is not afraid of cold, the cold environment will consume a lot of heat energy in the deer. To increase the body heat to protect the cold, the deer then increased its food intake, resulting in wastage of feed and increased production costs. Young deer and bred deer are more sensitive to the environmental temperature. If the winter is too cold, it will not only affect the deer's growth and development, but also cause the deer to have a cold, pneumonia, and sometimes cause death. Currently used insulation measures are:

1. Sawdust can be placed on the ground in the pens before the winter. As a litter, the advantage is that it can not only keep warm, but also absorb excrement and urine to facilitate home environment sanitation.

2. Block the wind walls of the deer house to prevent thieves from invading.

3. Snow should be cleaned inside and outside the house immediately after winter snowing, which can not only keep warm but also prevent the deer from slipping and causing fractures.

4. Provide warm drinking water and put the remaining water in the tank in the evening.

5. The peasant households may use deer, and may hang grass curtains, draperies, plastic sheets, etc., to keep warm.

Second, artificial supplemental lighting

1. The basis of fill light. The growth of live weight of deer is faster in spring and summer than in autumn and winter (the slowest growth in winter). This natural growth rule extends the deer's maturation time and delays the deer's antler time. If it is a meat deer, the annual supply of venison will be out of balance, that is, there will be sufficient meat sources in spring and summer, and there will be shortage of meat in autumn and winter. The seasonal growth of deer species is naturally occurring and intrinsic. It has nothing to do with pure feed supply but is related to the length of light. According to the study, it was found that the light intensity was 250-300 lux (lux) for 16 hours in the winter and then 8 hours in the dark, and that the regular processing for 6 weeks would enable the deer to accelerate growth in the winter and increase Feed intake, accelerating weight gain.

2. The need for light. China is located in the temperate zone, where most of the four seasons are distinct, and the short-day winter is as long as 3 to 4 months. To supplement the light with artificial light, the captive deer has a continuous 16 hours of light.

3. Supplement the lighting method. Any kind of electric light can be used as a light source, generally incandescent light bulbs are appropriate, in the height of 1 meter above the ground (not just under the light source), the measured light up to 250 ~ 300 lux can be. Normally the lights are turned on after the sun goes down and artificial lighting is added. Turn the lights off when the natural light (daylight) time is added to the work light for 16 hours. If it is overcast or overcast, the light intensity needs to use artificial lighting instead of sunshine throughout the day.

4. Supplement artificial lighting effects. Taking artificial light supplements has already seen remarkable results in many domestic deer farms. According to data reports, the winter fill-up test of Xiaogong Red Deer in that year proved that in the 6-week-old period, the daily weight gain of the experimental group was 330 grams, and that of the control group without artificial light supplement was 152 grams. The group was 2.2 times the control group. At the same time, the feed intake of the deer in the experimental group increased, the feed utilization rate was improved, the deer's coat was bright, and the antler time was advanced by 5 to 10 days. Deer supplemented by artificial light in winter is beneficial to deer and velvet deer, especially for deer growing. It can promote deer maturity, produce antler in advance, and thus increase economic efficiency.

Third, feed high-quality feed

After artificial lighting is added, because the deer's feed intake is increased, for this purpose, the deer must be provided with a sufficient amount of feed, in order to fully tap the potential of artificial light to achieve the purpose of improving production performance. In some deer farms in northern China, corn and silage silage are used to feed deer in winter. This not only fails to meet the demand for feed after supplementing light, but also prone to vitamin deficiency. Therefore, feedstuffs should preferably be supplemented with high-quality feed such as loquat powder, carrots, or beets to meet the deer's growth and nutrient requirements for metabolism.

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