C Liangyou 396 is a two-line hybrid rice combination selected from the rice research of Hunan Agricultural University. It was approved by the Crop Variety Approval Committee of Hunan Province in 2007 (Xiang audited rice 2007021). This combination has been planted in our province and surrounding provinces and cities for many years. It has moderate maturity, good lodging resistance, high yield, excellent rice quality, and good coloring at maturity. In 2005 and 2006, he participated in the regional trial of the Zhongmu Super Rice Group in Hunan Province. The average output in the two years was 9.75 tons/hm2, ranking the first, which increased by 9.6% over the control Liangyoupeijiu. In order to meet the market's seed demand, the author produced 15hm2 in Wuzhou in 2006, with a yield of 2.55 tons/hm2; in 2007, the planting amount was 16.2hm2, and the yield was 3.67 tons/hm2; in 2008, the planting amount was 20hm2, and the yield was 3.35 tons/hm2; 20hm2, although extreme weather was negative for rice seed production, the yield still reached 3.08 tons/hm2. The stable production and high yield of this combination in Chenzhou City were achieved. The major seed production techniques are as follows:

1 Parental characteristics

1.1 The main characteristics of the female C815S:

C815S is a sterilized dual-purpose genic male sterile line with stable sterility, high outcrossing rate, strong combining ability and superior rice quality, which was developed by the Rice Research Institute of Hunan Agricultural University. The plant height is about 85cm, the plant type is compact, the leaf color is dark green, the leaf sheath and stigma are purple, and the leaf blade has the characteristics of long, straight, narrow, concave, and thick. Stronger tillering power, individual plants can be spikes and spikes, head length is about 24cm, total number of spikelets per panicle is about 165, and grain weight is 24g. Pollen abortion was dominated by canonical defeat, and the temperature of infertility was 23°C. The flowers did not bloom on the day of earing, and a small amount of spikelets began to bloom on the second day after extraction. The flowering began on the fourth day after heading, and the flowering period lasted for 12-14 days. Under normal weather conditions, the peak of flowering appeared at 11:00-12:30, and rainy days were postponed accordingly. More than 80% of the flower rate before the afternoon, sensitive to the reaction of 9O. The total stigma exposure rate is as high as 90.5%. The good rate of outcrossing can reach more than 70%. Planting in the middle and late May of the year in the city, beginning in the middle of August, earing, the duration of the sowing period 81-85 days, the number of leaves of the main stem 14.5 leaves.

1.2 The main features of the parent R396

The parent R396 is a large ear restorer line developed by the Rice Research Institute of Hunan Agricultural University. It has excellent agronomic traits. Stem thick, moderate plant type loose, strong tiller, moderately sensitive to fertilizers and water, large spikes and numerous grains, strong restoring power, large pollen, good combining ability, high temperature resistance, sensitive to “900”, flowering on the day of earing . Under normal weather conditions, the peak of flowering appeared at 11:00-12:00, which was basically synchronized with the maturation of the female parent and flowering time was 10-12 days. The duration of the broadcast is 92-96 days.

2 Major production techniques

2.1 Choose a good base

In 2006, the trial production base was located in 5 counties (cities, districts) in Quzhou City, with an altitude of 150-350m. After one year of trial production, the seed production bases in recent years have chosen bases with an altitude of 150 to 200 meters. The base is a subtropical monsoon humid climate zone with a mild climate. There are heavy rains before and after the beginning of autumn and in early August, and there are afternoon showers during the autumn in mid-August. The probability of rainy weather for three consecutive days is extremely low, and the humidity is more than 75%, which is conducive to seed production. Yang Hua pollination, improve the rate of out-crossing. The weather in early and mid-September is cloudy and rainy, which is conducive to harvesting, so as to effectively ensure the seeding quality of the seeds produced. The seed production area is a double cropping rice area or a continuous cropping area of ​​flue-cured tobacco, which is conducive to isolation. Seed production is large-scale seed production, can ensure the implementation of various technical measures in place.

2.2 Scientific Arrangement of Seeding Period to Ensure the Safety of Fertility Conversion Period

The arrangement of the seeding period must first ensure the safety of the fertility conversion period, while taking into account the security of the harvesting period. According to the meteorological data over the years of the seed production base, especially the climate change trends in recent years, the seeding mothers are arranged around May 20, the earing period is around August 10, and the fertility conversion period is in mid-late July. The safety factor is Extremely high. The harvest period is September 10, ensuring that harvesting is completed before the arrival of the cold wind.

2.3 Reasonably arrange the broadcast period to ensure that the mother is slightly earlier than the father

According to the growth and development characteristics of parents and flowering habits, combined with the local microclimate, the ideal flowering period is the mother's ear for 2-3 days. The mother planted on May 20, with a leaf deficit of 2.1 to 2.5 leaves, a time difference of about 10 days, and the male parent sowed on May 10. It is expected that the female parent will begin the ear on August 10, and the father will begin the ear on August 12.

2.4 Careful management to ensure that the parent is strong and strong

2.4.1 Carefully plowing fields to cultivate dwarfing

Select fields with high fertility, high topography, and convenient drainage and irrigation as the paddy fields, requiring two plows and two plows. When ploughing the field, apply 15.0-22.5 ton/hm2 of fertilized farmyard fertilizer; apply 300-450 kg/hm2 of rice-specific fertilizer three days before sowing, and mix well and reserve. The male seeding rate is 225 kg/hm2, and the mother seeding rate is 300 kg/hm2. Pay attention to the management of seedlings after planting the father and mother. 2 leaves 1 heart choose to spray paclobutrazol 900-120 g/hm2 on sunny afternoon, 3 leaves 1 heart urea 150 kg/hm2. Before transplanting, 100 kg/hm2 of urea and 100 kg/hm2 of potassium chloride were used as "send marrying manure." In May, the weather was changeable. The seedlings 2 leaves and 1 heart paid close attention to the weather conditions. In case of rain, the seedlings were promptly watered and nursed in every possible way.

2.4.2 Early transplanting of suitable age, inserting basic seedlings

Parents have adopted both sexes. The male parent has a leaf age of no more than 6.5 leaves, the seedling age is controlled within 30 days, and the small double rows are in the form of “product”. The row spacing is 17 cm, the plant spacing is 30 cm, and 3-4 grains per hole are inserted to ensure basic Miao 45,000/hm2 or more. The mother-five 4.5 leaves were transplanted, and they were completed before the leaves of 6.0. The age of the clams was controlled within 25 days. The car was opened in the east-west direction with a width of 2.0m. The planting size was 13.3cm13.3cm, and 2-3 grains per hole were inserted. Ensure that the basic seedlings are 1.8 million/hm2 or more. Parents of Seongnam stayed at 23.3cm. Parents' spacing was 16.7cm. Parents' ratio was 2:12.

2.4.3 Reasonable fertilization, so that it can be stabilized after being promoted

Daejeon fertilization follows the principle of “promoting, accusing, accumulating, and subsidizing” and requires pre-agriculture to be affordable in the early stage and stable in the later stage. The base fertilizer is the mainstay, and the base fertilizer is dominated by organic fertilizer. When ploughing the land, the farmyard fertilizer applied was 15.5 t/hm2. Two days before transplanting, Daejeon applied special fertilizer 450-600 kg/hm2 as the base fertilizer. After the father was transplanted and stabilised, the special fertilizer 120 kg/hm2, urea 100 kg/hm2, and potassium chloride 100 kg/hm2 were applied between the father and the father for single parent fertilization. After transplanting, the female parent used topdressing urea 120 kg/hm2 and potassium chloride 60 kg/hm2. When the parents entered the early stage of the young spike differentiation V end of the period, depending on the seedlings Qiaohua Huafei, the father of the main nitrogen fertilizer, supplemented by phosphorus and potassium, the mother is based on phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, supplemented by nitrogen, to ensure that in the middle and late The father is not premature, and the mother is not greedy.

2.4.5 scientific management of water, shallow water ground irrigation

Manage water and work hard on the word "diligence." The early rains are abundant, and it is necessary to avoid long-term accumulation of water and affect the premature emergence of the seedlings. In addition to top dressing water, it should be kept dry, wet and wet, and mainly exposed. Heading and flowering period should be filled with deep water to reduce temperature and humidity, and improve the seed setting rate. In the later period, dry, wet and wet, dominated by wetness, avoiding water cut off prematurely and affecting the fullness of seeds.

2.4.6 Prevention and Control of Pest Control, Comprehensive Prevention and Control

Seed production is under the conditions of high-fertilizer rice cultivation, a wide range of diseases and insects, and aggressive, prone to disaster. It mainly focuses on the prevention and control of “four bugs and four diseases” such as rice thrips, leaf roller insects, aphids, rice planthoppers, rice blast, sheath blight, rice smut, and rice smut. According to the diseases that prone to outbreak during the growth and development of both parents, combined with pest information, select counterparts or special effects pesticides, and timely prevention and treatment. Especially highlight the prevention and control of parent sheath blight.

2.5 Take comprehensive measures to increase outcrossing rate

2.5.1 Accurately predict and adjust to ensure that parents spend all the time

The parents of C Youyou 396 have little difference in broadcasting, but they still have to do a good job in the ideal flowering period: in the case of seeding mothers, it is necessary to predict the paternity based on the weather conditions after the father's broadcast and the appearance of the father's growth. Changes in the number of main stem leaves and the duration of sowing in the current season's seed production, combined with the original program, fine-tune the sowing difference; after the mother planting, the cultivation measures must be balanced to ensure that the parents coordinate the growth; after the young panicle differentiation The timely detection of panicle stripping, according to the specific circumstances, focusing on "improve the outcrossing rate" to take appropriate measures to regulate. In 2007, the mother was slightly earlier in 2008. In 2009, the father and mother were in the same period and the flowering period of the seeds were ideally met, thus laying the foundation for high yield.

2.5.2 Scientifically spraying “Nine-Olympiad” to promote good pollination of parents

Scientific spraying of "90% O" is the key to high quality and high yield of hybrid rice seed production. The general principle is that "the former is light and the other is heavy. The father and mother waited a long time before the mother and mother waited for the father." When the flowering period meets well, spraying “900”/hm2 is completed in two days in two days: when the mother sees about 25% of the ear, spraying for the first time, 110 grams/hm2; after 24 hours, spraying Second, 220 grams/hm2, the parents had the same spray. When the flowering period is biased, 100-150 g/hm2 is applied to the early ear parents.

2.5.3 Improve the Microclimate in the Field

C Liangyou 396 in the city of planting heading and flowering time is a hot weather, in order to create a good out-crossing environment for parents, during the heading and flowering period can take field irrigation and deep water and other measures to reduce field temperature, increase field humidity, improve seed setting rate.

3 Strict quality control to ensure seed quality

In the strict isolation, concentrating on seed production under the premise of strict isolation of good mothers before the first planting observation observation, close the flowering period of pollen microscopic examination work, the good system of removing impurities from the bad off, put a good seed Harvest, turn over the sun, select, buy off to ensure seed quality.

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