The main problems in the current rice production The total rice production is mainly determined by the yield. Historically, the total rice production is mainly determined by the yield. The results showed that even if the rice planting area increased, the output decreased by 16.3% due to the sharp decline in yield. In the current situation where the area of ​​rice is difficult to increase or even decrease, it is only by relying on scientific and technological progress that the further increase in the yield can only hope to preserve the total output. The Obstacles to Improve Rice Yield The japonica rice varieties are not green, and there is no breakthrough in the short term. According to statistics, there are 19 varieties of the top ten planting areas in the province since 2009-2012, and the dominant ones are basically old varieties. The first Jixi 88 certification has been planted for 10 years, the first 10 Jixi 83 approvals have been planted for 15 years, the early rice cropping area has occupied the first Changbai 9 certification for 20 years, and 3 old varieties have been promoted. More than 1/3 of the total rice area in the province. In recent years, none of the newly approved varieties have entered the top ten for four consecutive years. Breeding work itself has the characteristics of long-term and complexity, and the appearance of a large breed for several decades is also the norm in breeding work. In order to maintain the superior quality of northern rice, it is required that rice varieties must take into account both quality and yield, which objectively increases the difficulty of breeding work. Only a major breakthrough in breeding technology and resource innovation can surpass the old super rice varieties such as Jixi 88. This revolutionary breakthrough is obviously not achievable in the short term. The main problems of current rice cultivation techniques in the North How to overcome the effects of low temperatures and speed up the rate of seedling revival after transplanting It is well-known that in the northern rice region, the grain yield per 1 gram can be increased by about 5%, and the factor that has the greatest impact on the yield is maturity. The main factor affecting maturity in the north is the slowness of seedlings after transplanting, in addition to the selection of ripening period of the varieties. The results of many years of research have shown that after transplanting, the rate of easing seedlings generally decreases by 5 days for each postponement of a low-section node, and the yield is reduced by more than 10%. The speed of seedling seedlings depends on the quality of the seedlings. The quality of the seedlings depends mainly on the seeding rate. The primary measure to speed up the slow seedling speed is to reduce the seeding amount to cultivate strong and strong, and secondly to reduce the rooting in the transplanting process. The use of Japanese flat-panel rice transplanters is a cost-saving technique because its standard seeding rate is 550-660 grams per square meter. Inappropriate fertilization, excessive ineffective delivery is the main obstacle to increase production After promoting the dry nursery, the nursery time and transplanting time are all 15-20 days ahead of schedule, and the delivery time is increased by 11 days. A bifurcation calculation is performed every 5 days, and 2 tillering knots are added each time to ensure that 2 effective spikes per plant are added. Three plants per hole can increase six effective panicles, and the number of panicles can be increased by ten additional panicles. Due to the increase in seeding rate, the quality of seedlings was weakened, the time of slow seedlings was delayed, and the number of plants per hole and the density of transplanting seedlings were increased. The amount of rice seedlings per unit area was too much and the nutrients needed were increased. Increasing the application of tillering fertilizer could promote the tillering. However, he dared not apply fertilizer to his panicles, and his fertility was insufficient in the later period. The effective delivery rate was only about 60%, and the yield was difficult to increase. The rapid decline in soil organic matter content and the difficulty in sustaining high yield experiments have shown that organic matter content has dropped from 3.5% to 1.5% in 30 years, and soil compaction has become an important factor constraining rice yield. The consequence of the reduction in the content of organic matter is that the ability of the soil to maintain fertilizer is reduced and the loss is increased. This will inevitably require the addition of chemical fertilizers to increase the concentration of fertilizers around the roots, resulting in a short period of time for rice to absorb more fertilizer and a high nitrogen content in the body, resulting in a significant increase in the incidence and lodging rate. Not only does it seriously affect the output, but it also objectively causes an increase in the use of pesticides, which affects both the quality of rice and the environment. The obsolescence of the basic construction of farmland is a major obstacle to mechanization In the rice transplanting process, the cost of raising seedlings and the cost of transporting seedlings are 100 yuan and 50 yuan per mu respectively, accounting for 40% of the total cost. The layout of the farmland is irrational, and the distance for transporting seedlings is several kilometers. Farmland plots are irregular, and the interpolation rate is high. Studies have shown that mechanical transplanting plots have an area of ​​3,000-5,000 square meters with the highest efficiency; severely deformed and smaller ridges, and transporting seedlings and other problems have severely constrained the promotion of full-scale mechanized operations, resulting in a decline in the effectiveness of mechanized operations and a blow to farmers. Adoption of the enthusiasm of mechanized operations.
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At present, the problems of declining skills, labor shortages, increased labor costs, and reduced benefits brought about by the ageing of the labor force in rural areas are obvious to all. Combining my own technical research and follow-up investigations on the northern rice region, we will invest in the production of seedlings and seedlings in our province. In the case of reed pulpers, the following problems were only identified from the technical point of view, and countermeasures and suggestions were proposed for reference.