1.1 Soil problems are the biggest problem that restricts the ecological environment of the orchard and the development of the fruit industry. Due to the lack of organic fertilizer source and the increase of chemical fertilizer application, soil compaction, acidification and aeration are deteriorated, resulting in serious pests and diseases, and fruit quality decline. Although relevant departments have proposed measures such as increasing farmland fertilizer, orchard grass, and planting green manure. However, the effect is not only the specific performance: although a large amount of farmyard manure and commercial organic fertilizer are added, the large amount of heavy metals and antibiotics in the manure of large-scale breeding livestock and poultry directly affect the quality and safety of fruit products, resulting in organic fertilizer and organic products. The use of fertilizer is slow to use, and the effect is very small; some fruit farmers can only cut the dried fruit branches to burn fire, or pile up on the roadside and the ground, which increases the occurrence and prevalence of pests and diseases in the orchard; many orchards are unreasonable due to inadequate mechanical support. The grass and green manure crops planted did not have timely measures, which seriously damaged the soil structure and ecological balance of the orchard. 1.2 Orchard planting density, poor ventilation and light, become the bottleneck of the orchard ecological environment and the benign development of the fruit industry Orchard has problems such as inter-plant crown crossing and inter-plant crossing, which leads to the closure of orchard orchard, poor ventilation and light transmission, serious pests and diseases, inconvenient mechanization and low fruit yield. Therefore, how to improve the structure and individual structure of orchard groups and individuals The ventilation and light transmission conditions of the orchard have become an urgent problem to be solved in production. 1.3 Pest control and prevention, excessive use of chemical agents, damage and affect the ecological environment Due to the low degree of intensive orchard in China, the occurrence of diseases, pests and chemical agents is insufficient. Over-reliance on chemical agents to control various pests and diseases has destroyed the balance of orchard ecosystems and affected the safety and quality of fruits. 2 Specific measures to promote green production methods and build ecological orchards 2.1 Moderately large-scale operation, improve the degree of organization Promote moderate scale operations by supporting leading enterprises, cooperatives or family farms; develop Internet + market-oriented agricultural services, promote green production, and build ecological orchards. 2.2 cut and reform, improve the ventilation and light conditions of the orchard Do a good job in the orchard cutting and reshaping, adopting thinning or interlaced thinning, and by reducing the number of main branches and improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the orchard by means of lifting, window opening and capping, thereby achieving the effect of reducing plant yield and quality. 2.3 crushing branches to make organic fertilizer, do a good job of livestock and poultry manure The fruit branches are pulverized and processed to produce organic fertilizer, and the livestock manure is fully decomposed and processed. 2.4 Orchard planting grass and green manure to improve the ecological conditions of the orchard Through the orchard planting grass, natural grass or planting green manure crops, increase the soil organic matter content, increase the beneficial microbial population, improve the orchard ecological conditions and temperature and humidity conditions, reduce pests and diseases, and create a green ecological environment of the orchard. 2.5 Reduce the number and dosage of pesticide sprays Do a good job in clearing the garden, remove dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, pests and diseases, etc., and bring them out of the garden to bury or burn them; the trunks are white or sprayed with Bordeaux pulp; the whitening agent formula: 5 kg of water, 1.5 kg of quicklime , 250 grams of stone sulphur mixture, 100 grams of salt + a small amount of plant or animal oil; Bordeaux slurry formula: 1 kilogram of copper sulfate, 3 kilograms of quicklime, 15 kilograms of water + 0.4 kilograms of animal oil; using the phototaxis or color-developing suspension of pests Insect insect lamps and sticky insect boards to reduce the number of pests; use interferon or parasitic wasps to interfere with pest mating or destroy pest eggs. 2.6 Develop and use efficient or economical orchard machinery In combination with the actual situation of the orchard, we will develop and use orchard machinery with small heads, large horsepower, high degree of intelligence, good humanization and reasonable price. 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Problems in green production methods of ecological orchards and countermeasures