The technology of corn fertilization has traditionally supported fertilizer fertilization with 40% nitrogen fertilizer, 100% phosphorus pentoxide, 100% potassium oxide, and 20% nitrogen fertilizer. With the changes in the structure of rural labor in recent years, the author found that many farmers in the townships of Xingyi, Shuren, and Shizhi of Fengdu County had merged the fertilizers customarily used for base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer into one, ie nitrogen 60%. 100% of phosphorus pentoxide and 100% of potassium oxide applied at the seedling stage. This method of fertilization is a summary of the experience of local farmers in production for many years, and has become a new habit of corn fertilization and is spreading in large areas. In order to clarify the specific circumstances of this method of fertilization, the author discussed the technical advantages, technical requirements, technology maturity, technical suitability and other aspects.

First, technical advantages

1.1 Shorten the Transplantation Period of Corn

In the season of transplanting corn, it is also the sowing and nursery season for rice and red clams and other large spring crops. Maize habitually used base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer are combined into one at the seedling stage to concentrate manpower, complete the maize transplanting process in a shorter period of time, and shorten the transplanting period of corn.

1.2 Save labor

It is customary to apply base fertilizer after transplanting corn, including the application of root fertilizer (human and animal waste water), nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer or compound fertilizer, which generally requires 30 labors/hm2 (fixed root fertilizer and 15 chemical fertilizers/hm2) after transplanting. 25-30 days Shi Miao Fei, but also to use 15 workers / hm2, that is, base fertilizer, Miao Fei a total of 45 labor / hm2. The base fertilizer is only applied to the root fertilizer. The chemical fertilizer part is combined with the chemical fertilizer customarily used for seedling fertilizer at the seedling stage, but only 15 labor/hm2 is needed, thus saving 15 labor/llm2. One farmer usually needs to grow corn 1066.67-1333.33 m2, which means that one farmer can save 24-30 labor/hm2.

1.3 Mitigating Employment Contradiction

In the season when corn is transplanted, farmers have to transplant corn, and at the same time they must also sow large spring crops such as rice and red leeks. The contradiction in employment is particularly prominent. In the actual situation where the labor resources for farming at home are already in short supply, the labor saved by transplanting corn is used to complete the planting of rice and red leeks and other large spring crops in advance, which greatly eases the contradiction in employment. It is also due to the ease of labor conflicts that ensure that corn, rice, red peony and other spring crops are the most appropriate sowing, transplanting period.

1.4 Increase seedling rate

Chemical fertilizers are applied immediately after the transplanting of corn. During the operation, the chemical fertilizers do not directly contact the corn seedlings and roots, which is relative. No matter how noticed, there is always a shortage of seedlings due to direct contact with fertilizers. This phenomenon is particularly prominent when using compound fertilizers. The application of chemical fertilizer after transplanting maize can completely solve the direct contact problem between chemical fertilizer and maize seedlings and roots, increase the rate of seedling establishment, ensure the seedlings are seedlings and seedlings, and plant seedlings at one time, narrow the gap between seedlings, and make the whole field grow in unison. It laid the foundation for increasing corn yield.

1.5 Reduce treading opportunities

During corn transplanting, the soil is relatively loose due to the short duration of cultivation in the corn field. During this period, it is necessary to minimize agricultural operations and reduce the stepping on corn fields due to agricultural operations, so that the soil remains relatively loose during a relatively long period of time. Therefore, reducing agricultural operation activities is an important way to maintain relative looseness of corn rhizosphere soil for a long time. After transplanting maize, the rhizosphere soil is loose, which is beneficial to the new root system of maize, and it will survive as soon as possible.

1.6 convenient operation and health

It is customary to use the root-fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in the corn base fertilizer not to be blended together. They can only be used separately, first apply the root fertilizer, and then apply the chemical fertilizer. Such an application method is not only inconvenient in operation but also the excrement and odor of the preceding process contaminates the operating environment of the next process, the health condition is greatly compromised, and the operation is more inconvenient. The combined use of base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer for the application at the seedling stage not only facilitates operation, but also reduces the operator's chance to face an unhealthy environment, thereby benefiting the operator's health.

Second, technical requirements

2.1 grasp the application period

The combination of fertilizer and seedling fertilizer at the base of the fertilizer is an application. It is necessary to grasp the application period, otherwise it will cause defertilization of the seedlings of maize, affect the growth and development in the middle and later stages, and ultimately affect the yield components and reduce production. The author believes that it is appropriate to control the survival of corn seedlings at about 10 days after transplanting.

2.2 Strict application methods

After the transplanting of maize, the fixed root fertilizer is applied immediately, and if the conditions permit, the application amount of the fixed root fertilizer can be increased. Miao Fei according to custom 15-20 days in advance of the application after transplanting about 10d, do not apply liquid manure. The first thing is to settle the nest, mix the fertilizer of the customary method base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer and mix evenly, and then cover the soil.

2.3 Keep fertilizer application elements and total amount unchanged

Keeping the total amount of fertilization unchanged is the key to the establishment of a combined application method. Fertilizer should be applied according to the established fertilization formula to keep the chemical fertilizer elements intact and the quantity unabated. It is not possible to reduce the input to nutrients because of changes in the application method. Otherwise, the output will be reduced due to insufficient nutrient input, losing the significance of changing the application method.

2.4 Pretreatment before Fertilizer Fertilization

During the storage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, it is easy to absorb moisture due to the nature of storage and chemical fertilizers. In order to give full play to the fertilizer effect and increase the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, fertilizer pretreatment must be done well before application. Nitrogen, potassium fertilizer or compound fertilizer should be disintegrated and agglomeration. Phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate) should be finely sieved. Prior to application, mix and match according to formula speed. The mixed fertilizer cannot be stored for a long time and it is best to apply it within 4-6 hours.

Third, technology maturity

This method of fertilization can be accepted by most farmers at the place of origin of the technology and gradually rises to a wider range of fertilization methods. The author investigates the birthplaces of Xingyi, Shuren, and Shizhi towns in Fengdu County, and considers that the technology is mature. First, the technical advantages of this fertilization method have been recognized by most farmers; the second is the fertilization method. Compared with the local customary fertilization methods, there was no significant difference in corn yield.

Fourth, technical suitability

The combination method of corn base fertilizer and Miaofei Fertilizer is a fertilization method. Although there are more technical advantages in production, the appropriateness of the technology should be considered in terms of the characteristics of the soil for nutrient-concentration, fertilizer-supply, and corn requirements. The author believes that thin and thin sand should not be used for this method of fertilization.

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