Through years of work practice, the author believes that the reasons for the low survival rate of self-propagated and self-supported piglets are mainly the following:

1. Caused by improper feeding and management of pregnant sows. This can lead to piglets with congenital dysplasia and present with weak, teratogenic, stillbirth, etc.; sows with frail and short of milk after delivery, piglets hunger, prolonged rotation around the sow, chaotic arches, resulting in step on hunger death probability increased (10%-20%).

2. Death caused by disease. Infections due to reproductive disorders (pseudorabies, blue ear disease, parvoviruses, chronic swine fever, etc.) from sows themselves make it difficult for piglets to overcome the threat of congenital disease, leading to death shortly after birth. The environment of the acquired piglets is seriously polluted, and infected piglets such as red warts, jaundice, white diarrhea, edema, and blue-ear disease have died.

3. The digestive function of piglets is not perfect. There is no free hydrochloric acid in the stomach of the piglet (sterilization, assisted digestion), lack of innate immunity, and immunity can only be generated after eating the colostrum (newborn piglets can directly absorb the immunoglobulin in breast milk and obtain immune antibodies), therefore, Piglets are prone to die of diarrhea due to infection with bacteria and viruses.

4. Piglets have poor body temperature regulation. Often due to low ambient temperatures, (most litter temperatures only occur between 15°C and 20°C), disease deaths are caused; when the temperature in the delivery room is low, the piglets cannot find a source of heating, and the piglet drills under the tummy of the sow or inside the legs, resulting in pressure lethal.

5. Improper warming and feeding of piglets. In order to solve the problem of low ambient temperature of piglets, some cultivators have adopted feeding piglets every 2 hours, and then the piglets have been caught in boxes or baskets, resulting in temperatures in the boxes or baskets of up to 30°C or more, and feeding temperatures. Difference of 15 °C or more, so that the repeated stimulation of large temperature difference, easily lead to cold death of piglets.

6. Improper feeding. This is due to poor feeding and management conditions and lack of responsibility. Deaths such as being trampled, crushed, frozen, killed, etc. also occupy a certain percentage.

7. Iron deficiency anemia. After the birth of piglets, the iron reserve is only about 40mg, 7-8mg of iron per day for metabolism, and only 1mg of iron per day for breast milk. Therefore, the piglets should take iron supplements after injection for 150 days at 3-4 days after birth. However, rural free-range households do not know how to feed pigs in time, and the proportion of deaths caused by iron-deficiency anemia each year occupies a certain proportion.

For the above reasons, farmers should formulate countermeasures in a timely manner to improve the survival rate of piglets and have a good effect.

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