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1. Temperature: The brooding temperature starts at 30°C. After that, the temperature can be lowered by 1°C every 2 days, and after the 20th day of age, it is transferred to the normal broody temperature of 20°C.
2. Humidity: Relative humidity should be controlled at about 70%. Early brooding to prevent the humidity is too low? Late should be to prevent high humidity. In order to keep the ground dry, the floor should be covered with straw or rice bran.
3. Density: 40 per square meter for 1 to 10 days, 30 per square meter for 11 to 20 days, and 25 per square meter for 21 to 30 days. After 20 days of age, outdoor grazing can be carried out when the weather is warm and sunny, with 50 to 100 individuals as a group.
4. Ventilation: Ventilation must be done with insulation to vent water and ammonia in the brooding room. In winter and spring, ventilation windows open during the day and close at night.
5. Illumination: 1 to 10 days of daily illumination for not less than 20 hours, and light intensity of 8 watts per square meter. Artificial light was stopped during the day from 11 to 20 days, and nighttime supplemental lighting was gradually reduced. Natural light was used after 21 days of age.
6. Drinking water: 12 hours after hatching, transfer into the brooding room and start drinking water. Supply 0.1% potassium permanganate solution at the same temperature as the room temperature, and supply warm water before 10 days of age. Must ensure adequate drinking water, in the drinking water can add B vitamins.
7. Feeding: You can eat 2 to 3 hours after drinking. Formulated feeds should be used. Wet powders with water or broken granules can also be used, and fewer meals can be fed. 1 to 10 days of age fed 7 times a day, including night feeding 2 times; 11 to 20 days of age fed 5 times a day, including 1 night feeding; 21 days after feeding 4 times a day. Each time you feed compound feed, you can add fresh green grass and kelp powder, such as shredded young grass and vegetable leaves, and fresh live animals such as small fish, snail meat, oyster meat, and quail to facilitate the growth of ducklings.
8. Drainage: After 7 days of age, activities can be carried out in shallow water, 2 times a day, 1 time each in the morning and afternoon, about 0.5 to 1 hour each time. After 10 days of age, he is free to launch activities.
(B) The rearing period of the breeding period refers to the period of 31 to 60 days. During this period, the wild ducks have the fastest growth. When the seeds are selected at the age of 60 days, the weights of the general ducks and the eliminated ducks are similar to those of the ducks, so they can be listed as meat ducks.
1. The construction of duck houses: The site should be slightly elevated, leeward, near the water source, mostly semi-open duck houses, sports grounds and water. Each duck house is 6 meters long, 4 meters wide and 2.5 meters high. The front wall is open. The area ratio of the duck house, playground and water surface is 1:2:3. The normal density is 10-15/m2.
2. Set up anti-evacuation nets: The wing feathers of the mallard duck are basically long and begin to fly when they are 50 days old. Therefore, a metal or nylon net cover must be placed around the playground and the water surface. Mesh is 2 cm 2 cm. Fly away. Water poles or metal nets should be deep to the bottom of the river to prevent escape. The breeder should wear plain clothes to prevent outsiders from entering the duck house and disturbing the ducks.
3. Carefully feeding: The use of compound feed, adhere to regular feeding, feeding 3 times a day, and gradually increase the amount of feed with the body weight (daily feeding amount of 5% of its weight). If it is used as a back-up duck, the green and succulent feed should be increased as appropriate, and the amount should be about 15% of the total feed to properly control body weight. Prenatal 30 to 40 days, the green material can be increased to 55% to 70%, coarse material accounts for 20% to 30%, fine material accounts for 10% to 15%.
4. Scientific management: Clean the duck house every day, change the bedding and ventilation, and keep the water source clean and hygienic. Make sure that each duck has an eating position. Weigh the body weight regularly and adjust the diet as appropriate so that the bred ducks can reach the standard body weight and the ducks can be listed on the market.
5. Full grazing: After 40 days of age, except for inclement weather, stocking should be practiced. On the one hand, it can be kept wild, and on the other hand, it can also exercise its gregariousness. Overcoming the lack of nutrients in feeds will greatly improve the fitness and value of wild ducks. Ducks for meat use should be reduced stocking or all feeding, increase protein feed, add some feed additives, promote growth, improve meat quality.
(C) Breeding wild ducks The artificial ducks were sexually matured at around 170 days under artificial cultivation conditions, and the ducks were slightly older than the female ducks. The average annual egg production is about 120 eggs.
1. Kind of duck selection: The duck requires a large head, strong body, lively, green and green head and neck, strong ability to copulate. Mother ducks require small heads, slender necks, and large eyes. The weight of the drake must not be less than 1.25 kg, and the duck must not be less than 1 kg. Ducks generally use 1 to 2 years.
2. Breeding proportion: The proportion of male and female ducks with 1:5 to 1:10 breeding ratio is appropriate, depending on the weather and the fertilization rate of the eggs, the ratio should be properly adjusted.
3. Carefully rearing: Timely addition of bone meal and shell powder during egg production; before the peak of egg production, the protein content should be increased and fed four times a day. Supplement artificial light for 2 to 3 hours in the morning and evening, so that the daily illumination time reaches 15 hours. During the laying period, attention should be paid to the stability of the formulated feed and should not be changed easily; if there is a need for change, there should be a transition period of 7 days.
4. Scientific management: The duck houses should be kept clean and hygienic. To lay straw in the house, set up more egg nests so that the ducks can lay eggs. Pay attention to the severe changes in the weather, winter cold, summer heatstroke. At the same time, the quiet environment of ducks should be maintained to prevent all kinds of stress. Ducks must be ducked in the fall and winter in order to prevent duck body fat. The breeding density is 8 to 10/m2.
Wild duck breeding
Wild duck breeding (I) Rearing of brooding period