Children with ADHD, also known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or mild brain dysfunction syndrome, is a common abnormal childhood behavior.

The intelligence of these children is normal or almost normal, but there are defects in learning, behavior, and emotions. The main manifestations are inattention, attention to short-term, excessive activities, emotional impulsivity, and poor academic performance at home and school. It is difficult to get along with people. Parents and teachers often feel that there is no way in daily life.

The prevalence of ADHD is reported between 5% and 10% in foreign countries, domestic surveys are more than 10%, boys are more than girls, and preterm infants and children with cesarean section are more likely to have ADHD, which is about 60% or more.

Hyperactivity is mostly a chronic process. Symptoms persist for many years or even exist for life. About 70% of the children's symptoms will continue until puberty, and 30% of children will continue to have symptoms for life. What is even worse is that neglect of children can lead to adult troubles in the interactions of work performance, daily life, or interpersonal relationships. This results in feelings of lack of self-confidence, frustration, frustration, unclear grumpy, and even depression. . In addition, the risk of secondary or co-occurring destructive behavioral disorders and emotional disorders also increases, and the risk of adult material dependence, antisocial personality disorder, and crimes may also increase. For children diagnosed as having ADHD, if they are not treated as soon as possible, they may experience anti-social behaviors such as personality disorders or even crimes in adulthood, which has a wide and negative impact on the academic, professional, and social life of the patient.

The main features of "attention"

1. It is often impossible to pay attention to details, and careless mistakes are made in homework, work, or other activities;

2. It is difficult to maintain focus on work or activities;

3. When someone talks to him, he often shows that he is not listening.

4. It is often difficult to follow the instructions to complete the task and not be able to complete homework, housework or work (not because of the opposite behavior or the lack of understanding of instructions);

5. Often have difficulty organizing work or planning activities;

6. Often evades or dislikes activities or work that require thought;

7. Often forget to forget the West (such as books or work needs);

8. It is easily disturbed;

9. Often forget the daily routine to do.

Features characterized by "hyperactivity"

1. When sitting, I often feel that I am uneasy, playing with hands or feet, or constantly twisting my body;

2. When you need to sit, you often stand up or leave the chair in the classroom.

3. In an inappropriate situation, you will run around or become overactive (if you are a teenager or an adult, you feel uneasy) 4. It is difficult to play or work quietly;

5. It is always quiet, always doing something, or it keeps moving;

6. Extremely love speech.

With "impulse" as the main feature

1. When others have finished asking questions, hurry to say the answer;

2. Can't wait for his turn;

3. Often interrupt events/dialogues in inappropriate situations.

Symptoms criteria:

The following symptoms are more common than most children of the same age and require eight of the following behaviors.

(1) Frequent hand or foot movements or nonstop movements in sitting positions. (Elderly children or teenagers are only subjective and feel uneasy).

(2) It is difficult to sit still when sitting quietly.

(3) Being easily distracted by external stimuli.

(4) In the game or group activities can not wait patiently to wait for rotation.

(5) It is often rushing to answer if someone else asks questions.

(6) It is difficult to do things according to other people's instructions (not due to defiance or failure to understand). If you don't finish your housework.

(7) It is difficult to maintain concentration in homework or games.

(8) Often one thing is not completed and another thing is changed.

(9) It is difficult to play quietly.

(10) More often than usual.

(11) Often interrupt or interfere with activities that disrupt others, such as games that interfere with other children.

(12) When someone talks to him/her, he often hears it.

(13) Items used for learning and activities in schools or homes (such as toys, pencils, books, and homework books) are often lost.

(14) Often engage in activities that are dangerous to the body without considering the possible consequences (not to seek stimuli).

Severity classification

(1) Mild: Symptoms that meet or slightly exceed diagnostic criteria are only minor or without school and social functions.

(2) Moderate: Symptoms and damages are between mild and severe.

(3) Severe: There are many symptoms that exceed the diagnostic criteria, and there are obvious widespread damages to the social functions of schools, families, and partnerships.

How to tell if the child is hyperactive or just active?

(1) The relationship between attention and interest: Children with ADHD do not have a hobby. No matter when or where they are, they cannot focus for a long time and have the symptoms of attention deficit. The active child can concentrate on what he likes, and hates the interference and influence of others. His unrest during class and homework is mainly due to lack of interest in learning.

(2) Purpose, planning and systemicity of action: The actions of an active child often have a certain purpose, and there are plans and arrangements. The actions of children with complications are often impulsive and disorganized, and they have no beginning or end.

(3) Self-control ability: Active children have self-control ability in a serious and unfamiliar environment and are no longer arbitrarily busy. Children with ADHD do not have this ability, and are often accused of "not understanding."

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