The practice of pig production for many years shows that the management of grow-finishing pigs has the following problems: slow growth rate, lack of growth genetic potential, high mortality, and poor aquaculture efficiency. Analysis of the cause of the problem is related to improper fattening methods, high breeding density, and so on. Now for the problem, put forward some scientific feeding and management methods.

1 Scientific fattening methods

Lean finishing pigs usually use a "one-stop" fattening method, also known as straight fattening. Using this method of fattening, the fattening period can be divided into two stages, that is, 20-60kg in the early stage and 90-90kg in the latter stage; or it can be divided into three stages, that is, 20-35kg in the early stage, 35-60kg in the middle stage, and 60-90kg in the latter stage. According to the division of different age stages, different nutritional levels of feeding techniques can be used. In general, lean-finishing pigs use higher levels of nutrition from the beginning to the end. In the later period, the amount of energy fed to the diet can be appropriately controlled to reduce fat deposition and increase the lean body weight of the ketone body.

2 Breeding scale and breeding density

The majority of swine pigs are reared in groups, and the density and size of pigs will affect the growth rate and feed conversion rate of pigs. Breeding density is too high, pigs occupy a limited space, will increase the number of bites between pigs, affecting feed intake and rest. Especially in the summer, if the breeding density is too high, the temperature and humidity in the house will increase, affecting the pig's weight gain and feed conversion rate and inducing disease. Usually, you need to limit feeding. Each pig accounts for a similar situation in terms of slot and area. It is recommended that small groups be raised regardless of the season. Each group should be suitable for 10 to 15 heads, and no more than 3O heads. Under free-feeding conditions, the number of heads can be increased to about 50 heads. The size of fattening pigs is different depending on the weight of the pig and the ground structure of the pig house. Usually with the increase in the weight of fattening pigs, the number of heads kept per bar decreases, and the area occupied by each pig increases accordingly. For pig houses with a small playground structure, the smallest floor area of ​​each pig's playground can be the same as that of the inner ring; the weight is 35kg, the required small playground area is 0.2-0.3 m 2 /head; the weight is 75kg and 0.25-0.35 m is required. 2/head; body weight 100 kg, 0.30 to 0.40 m2/head. However, in southern China, due to high temperatures and high humidity in the summer, the rearing density should be appropriately reduced in order for pigs to grow normally. A large group of rearing pigs should be provided with a movable board or a fence in the pig house. The area of ​​the pig house can be adjusted according to the individual size of the pig. At the same time, pigs with poor growth and development will be timely transferred to other pens for centralized feeding.

3 feeding frequency

Studies have confirmed that under the same nutrition and management conditions, the effect of different feeding times on daily gain of finishing pigs is not significant. For example, feeding 2 times per day and feeding 3 times per day is generally used. There is no significant difference in feed conversion per day for finishing pigs. However, when feeding twice/d, it is best to arrange in the early morning and early evening. Because these two time periods, fattening pigs have good appetite and feed intake, which is more conducive to weight gain.

4 Provide adequate and clean drinking water

As an important part of the pig body, water plays an important role in metabolic processes such as body temperature regulation, nutrient absorption, and waste excretion. At the same time, moisture is also an important nutrient for pigs. As a result, clean drinking water must be provided. The demand for pork water varies depending on the temperature, humidity, and feed composition. Under normal circumstances, the winter water requirement is 2 to 3 times that of air-dried feed, or about 10% of the body weight; the amount of water required for spring and autumn is 4 times that of air-dried feed, or 16% of the body weight; the summer water requirement is larger and it is air-dried 5 times feed, or 23% of body weight.

5 Related work

Deworming, castration and immunization are three important technical measures in the breeding process. However, for the fattening pigs, these three technical measures can produce a strong stress, can not be the same time, they should be carried out separately.

5.1 Deworming

The frequently occurring parasitic diseases of finishing pigs include tsutsugamushi disease, pulmonary filariasis, ginger disease, and rickets. Scientific deworming is recommended for deworming for the first time at the age of 90 days. If necessary, deworming can be carried out twice at 135 days to strengthen the effect of prevention.

5.2 Disappearance

According to relevant experimental data, castration and non-castration have a great influence on the daily gain of pigs and the lean body weight of ketone bodies. Under normal circumstances, foreign lean pigs are sexually mature late, sows do not castrate, and boars castrated after castration. Most of the pig breeds in the domestic regions are relatively mature. If they do not castrate, the secretion of sex hormones in ketones is strong and the smell is intense, affecting the meat quality. As a result, the male and female are all castrated, and the castration time is generally about 30 days old, and the body weight is between 5 and 7 kg. At this time, the pig is smaller in size and the surgery is easy to arrange.

5.3 Epidemic prevention

There is no uniform procedure for vaccination procedures. The immunization procedures for 1 or 2 major diseases are now introduced for reference and reference only. In the first and third freeze-dried vaccines (pigs, swine erysipelas, and porcine pulmonary epidemic vaccination), weaned piglets can be inoculated once after weaning, and boosted once after two months apart. The effect of epidemic prevention is better. 2nd, 20th, 55th, and 70th day immunization programs, that is, 20 days after the birth of the piglet, the swine fever vaccine was injected, and the swine fever vaccine, swine erysipelas, swine plague, and paratyphoid piglets were repeatedly injected at the age of 55 days. Seedlings, repeated injections of paratyphoid bacterins at 70 days of age, can obtain good immune effects.

6, health care

In recent years, feed raw material prices have risen by a large margin and feed prices are high. To save costs and reduce the quality of feed and raw materials, nutrition is not met, pig growth is limited, pig diseases are numerous, and both morbidity and mortality rates are increased. The price of pigs fluctuates greatly, and the enthusiasm of swine is frustrated. The health care product “Dashuangsu” produced by Green Leaf Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. can be slaughtered 10 to 15 days in advance; the feed intake is increased, the feed is well-digested and absorbed, the excrement is reduced, and the utilization rate is significantly improved. The pig has good body shape, strong muscles, bright red skin and high lean meat percentage.

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