Guofu Technology Group Co., Ltd , https://www.guofufarm.com
Schisandra seedling raising technology
As a Chinese medicinal material, Schisandra chinensis is the top grade of Schisandra chinensis. It is mainly grown in the eastern mountainous region of Liaoning Province. In recent years, the price of schisandra has risen on the market, and supply exceeds supply. The main reasons are as follows: First, with China's accession to the WTO, the export volume of Chinese herbal medicines has increased, and the demand for schisandra has increased in the market. Second, with the development of animal husbandry, the five flavors have been damaged in wild resources. In particular, goats like to eat five flavors. In the past two years, artificial cultivation of schisandra has begun in Liaoyang, Dandong and other regions. However, due to immature nursery techniques, many farmers have little or no seedling emergence. We stood by two years of trials and visits to farmers, summing up some successful experiences. 1 Seed treatment After mid-October, the fruit of big ear was harvested for seeding. The seed maturity during this period was good, the germination rate was high, and the seedlings were strong. After the fruit is soaked in water for three or four days, remove the pulp with a washboard or by adding 1/3 of the fruit of the river sand. Drift out the grains, and remove the seeds that have become full and dry. The seeds of Schisandra chinensis are hard and have a subcutaneous lipid layer. They must be frozen, changed in temperature, and treated with chemicals to break the dormancy before seeding. The seed is soaked in a 250 mg/L glycine solution or a 1% copper sulfate solution with a seed weight of 3 times, soaked for 24 hours, and then mixed with two or three times the seeds of the river sand, placed in a cool, ventilated place. Turn once a week. Before and after the blizzard, choose a place where the leeward winds are sunny, dig a pit that is 60 cm in depth and the length of the seeds depending on the number of seeds. Mix the wet sand seeds in a bag and put it in a pit to cover the soil for freezing. After thawing in the spring of the following year, the seeds were placed on the environment of 22-25°C for germination, and the seeds were moisturized during germination. Seeds when 50% of the seed cracks are white. Anti-promoting buds sowing on the 1st, otherwise the buds are easily knocked off when sowing, or in case of drought can not timely watering and "hanging buds." 2 Select seedlings (not to choose vegetable plots) that are flat, sunny, unobstructed, drought-tolerant, and fertile sandy lands near the water source. The bed width is 1.2m (too wide is not conducive to late field operations). Length According to the ground block, the bed height is about 10cm. When the bed is turned to the floor, appropriate rotten manure can be applied. The sowing date is appropriate on April 20th to May 5th. On the bed line spacing 18cm, 3cm deep along the bed to open the sowing, to step on the bottom grid, cover soil 3cm. If the water quality is not good, use a watering can to drench the water, then cover the cover. The seeding rate per square meter is 7g (referring to the dry seeds before sand mixing). Seeds that have been sown without germination can also emerge, but must be covered with plastic film. Otherwise, it will be very difficult to emerge or there will be few emergences. 3 Seedling management Seeds sown after sowing were coated and emerged after 18-28 days. When 50% of the seedlings emerge, they must remove the mulch in time (otherwise, the light will cause the young seedlings to grow, and the severe ones will kill the seedlings). At the same time, they must take a stand and cover the crop stalks and other objects to cover the shade. Schisandra seedlings are afraid of the sun, and when the seedlings grow to five or six true leaves, the shade is removed. Seedling roots are few and short, spring rain is less, seedlings are not drought-resistant, and when the dry bed is found, it must be watered in time. When the seedlings grow to three or four true leaves, the seedlings will begin to sprout, and the weak seedlings will be removed and the strong seedlings will remain. The plant spacing will be 5-7cm. Pull out the weeds and loosen the soil while the seedlings are growing. In order to promote seedlings to grow faster and grow stronger, fertilizers are applied twice at the seedling stage. The first time after the completion of the seedlings, 10kg of urea was applied every 666.7 hours. The second time, when the plant height is about 10cm, 15kg of high-efficiency compound fertilizer containing 15% N, P2O5, and K20 is applied every 666.7 tons. Underground pests are heavier in land, and use poison baits to trap and kill underground pests. Prevent pests from feeding on seeds and rhizomes. In particular, criss-crossing forms criss-crossing holes, often causing seedlings to separate from the soil and die.