Non-infectious root diseases of ginseng mainly include frost damage, main root cracking, burning and erythroderma.
1. Symptoms of cold injury: Freezing injury often appears at the seedling stage and the affected strain cannot grow. When the damage is light, the winter buds and rhizomes are discolored and wilting, and the main roots are dehydrated and softened, and then rot.
The main root is cracked: In autumn and winter, the root of the root is more water-absorbent, and in early spring, the root is dehydrated, and the main root is easily cracked.
Burning must: The ginseng's absorption roots are dead, usually only fine root damage, does not cause rot.
Erythroderma: The ginseng root epidermis has a pale red lesion, irregular, sometimes all red, thick and hard, poor toughness.
2. The cause of the occurrence of cold stress and cooling in the sprouting period of the participating plants is the main reason for the occurrence of freezing injury. When the bed is in the wind or in the early spring when the temperature changes, the damage is heavy.
Most of the major root cracking occurred in early spring. Poor conservation in early spring or too much rain and snow in autumn and winter, soil moisture is too high, causing moisture imbalance is prone to occur.
The burning of whiskers is mainly due to the lack of nutrients and moisture in the soil, causing fibrous roots to die, and some caused by poisoning.
Erythroderma is caused by excessive iron or soil in the soil or poor preparation of land due to cultivation, excessive acid production from the roots and leaves, and excessive absorption of iron and manganese.
3. Prevention and control methods 1 Strengthen the measures for cold protection The bed is covered with soil or fallen leaves to prevent cold in the late fall and winter of the winter. In early spring, if there is cold wave or cooling, cold work should be done in time to prevent freezing damage.
2 Control the moisture of the reference bed to prevent leakage of the shed, pay attention to drainage, reduce soil moisture in late autumn, pay attention to soil conservation in early spring, prevent soil moisture imbalance, reduce the main root cracking. To improve soil and fertilizer conditions of the bed soil, timely supply of sufficient moisture to the soil in order to reduce the need for burning.
3 to improve the cultivation techniques of soil change, intensive cultivation, remove the dead leaves on the bed surface, apply sufficient decomposed manure and other measures to reduce erythroderma.
Author: Ji'an Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Ji'an City Agricultural Station

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