Lighter fuel hand-warmers use lighter fluid (petroleum naptha). These can be re-used by simply refuelling. Typical models can generate heat for either half a day or a whole day, depending on conditions.
Heating Pad,Flexible Heating Pad,Ceramic Heating Pad,Microwave Heating Pad Hebei Houde Hanfang Medical Devices Co., LTD. , http://www.hodafhealth.com
I. Low-temperature freezing damage and its causes The phenophase of jujube trees in one year was later than the average fruit tree germination and early leaves. Jujube tree root activity earlier, began to grow in February, the late shoots germinated later, less susceptible to the dangers of late frost, the general jujube tree minimum tolerance -25 °C low temperature.
1. Damage caused by freezing damage: Freezing damage occurs during the coldest cold period from late December to early January. The temperature suddenly drops to -28°C to -29°C, causing ice formation in the jujube cells and destroying the structure of the protoplasm. Causes cell damage and causes freezing damage. This period of frost damage caused the trunk of the jujube tree in the old jujube orchard to shrink 8 to 10 cm in diameter, and did not germinate until late June. Only the shoots near the trunk and the base of the big shoots sprouted. The branches of the young jujube tree were dehydrated. Shrinking, the trunk sprouts in the lower part of the trunk. The jujube tree with cracked trunk, new planting date garden and nursery place can be seen everywhere, the upper part of the nursery stock shrinks, and the middle and lower parts germinate. Many new dates are shrinking seriously.
Frost damage is closely related to age, tree parts, and topography. The degree of frost damage of different tree ages of the same tree species is different. Unlike other fruit trees, large trees are more severe than young trees. Different degrees of frost in different parts of fruit trees are different, and the upper shoots with higher water content are more severe than the lower ones. The branches are more susceptible to freezing than the main branches, and the main branches are more susceptible to freezing than the tree branches. The tree weight is more susceptible to freezing than the root neck, and the peripheral branches are more susceptible to freezing than the inner branches. The northern sheltered sunny plots of jujube trees in the sunny parcels are lighter than the bare ones.
2. Economic losses caused by freezing damage: Due to the severe freezing of jujube trees this year, a large number of flower buds are frozen to death, and many Zao households will experience a “grain-free†situation. According to statistics, Linzai County, regardless of the old date garden, new planting date garden, nursery, is generally spared from freezing damage, frozen area of ​​102,000 mu, accounting for 63% of the economic forest area, it is estimated that this year's jujube output loss is about 90%, about Reduce production by 9 million kg, equivalent to an economic value of 14.4 million yuan.
Second, the main countermeasures to prevent freezing damage
1. Establish a shelter forest. When constructing a date garden, construct a shelter forest on the windward side of the Zaoyuan Garden, build a windbreak wall, reduce wind speed, suppress drought, improve the microclimate of the Zaoyuan Garden, and increase the temperature in the park, so as to reduce the occurrence of frost damage.
2. Moderate pruning, reasonable shape, rapid restoration of the crown. (1) timely winter cut. The Hexi area is cold and dry in winter. Under normal conditions, the jujube winter shear should be carried out from mid-March to early April in order to avoid the dry cutting of the sawn cut. After the occurrence of frost damage, do not rush to saw or trim the dried and retracted branches of the jujube trees after being frozen in the year. After germinating in the second spring, pruning and sawing are carried out after the summer heat. The frozen jujube trees should be sawed off at the severely damaged branches and the joints should be taken by the abdomen to increase the branches, so that the tree vigor can be restored as soon as possible. The jujube tree is generally pruned before germination in the spring each year. For the dead tree with the main branch, it is necessary to continue with the appropriate lengthy branch at the angle of the medium section, and to cut or retract the weak branch and branch in time to increase the tree vigor. According to the growing condition of the frozen jujube trees, reasonable pruning can promote the accumulation of tree nutrients, cultivate a reasonable tree shape, and quickly restore the canopy. (2) Do a good summer cut. Combine winter shears and carry out summer cuts. Summer shearing occurs when the jujube head tends to grow slowly. After winter cutting, a large number of leggy shoots grow, in order to effectively conserve tree nutrients, increase tree vigor, and useless shoots (buds) that germinate on the backbone branches are erased as soon as possible, and appropriate branches are selected to cultivate a reasonable tree shape. With regard to the densely developed branches and leggy branches of the internal wart, except for thinning out the weak and useless parts, use support, pull, turn, and other methods to lead to the parts with few branches and spaces, fill the space, expand the crown, and bear fruit early.
3. Strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, and enhance the ability of jujube to resist cold and drought. Strengthening fertilizer and water management, rational fertilization and irrigation will not only benefit the growth of jujube trees, but also improve the ability of trees to resist cold and drought. Frosted jujube trees should be strengthened with fertilizer and water management to ensure early water supply, early fertilizer, and nutrient supply. In combination with timely irrigation and early application of available nitrogen fertilizer in spring, it is beneficial to the restoration of tree growth. After germination, it will be sprayed with more fertilizer in the growing season to prompt tree restoration as soon as possible. In the next few years, trees can be deep-planed before the jujube flower to the projection of the tree crown, combined with soil fertilization, in order to improve the level of nutrition. In late September or early October, early basal fertilisers were used to control watering, and the trees were prosperous after the autumn was controlled. Pre-sealing winter irrigation can be used in winter water to prevent early spring and promote the growth and development of jujube trees. Fertilizer should be applied with high-quality organic fertilizers, with little or no nitrogen fertilizer applied at the later stage of growth. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added to increase the tree's resistance to adverse environmental conditions, which is conducive to winterization of jujube trees.
4. Strengthen pest control. Timely prevention and treatment of jujube diseases such as date rust, jujube disease, and zaofu, protect the leaves, improve the photosynthetic use and efficacy, increase the accumulation of nutrients, promote budding and tree growth, and increase resistance to overwintering.
5. Pay attention to the research of weather forecast and preventive measures. The month of January is the low temperature cold weather in Hong Kong, and the temperature is relatively low. Especially under continuous low-temperature conditions, we must pay close attention to the weather forecast and meteorological changes at the local weather stations, and do a good job in preventing the low temperature weather from harming jujube trees. Prepare work, and strive to do the work of preventing cold and freezing, and summarize the corresponding countermeasures to minimize disaster losses.
Comprehensive Preventive Measures against the Low Temperature and Freezing Damage of Jujube Trees
Linze jujube and Linze jujube have the advantages of wide adaptability and strong stress resistance and become the best dried varieties in arid regions. The Linze County of Gansu Province, which is known as the "Zaju Township of China," suffered cold damage many times in the winter and this spring, leaving the jujube trees of Jujube family frozen and causing heavy economic losses. We will discuss and analyze the occurrence of cold damage and prevention measures.
Houde Hanfang Medical Devices Co.,Ltd is a professional health care and beauty care patch /pad manufacture ,wholesaler and exporter ,Our main product includes Foot patch ,Slimming Patch ,Pain relief Patch ,Herbal patch ,medical dressing and so on !We have top-Production line ,Well-developed scientific and modern testing equipmente gained certificate FDA,CE,ISO,MSDS . We also cold produce all kinds of patch according to custemers requirment !