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First, plough garden soil. The depth of wintering of insect pests is generally 10-15 cm. Before the beginning of the freezing period or in early spring, the whole garden is ploughed to destroy pests and hibernate, so that the earthworms and adults are exposed to the ground and frozen to death, or birds are foraged. At the same time, they are loosened. Garden soil, conducive to soil heating and water accumulation.
Second, cut off pests and branches. Dirty shoots on fruit trees, latent pests, and pathogens must be completely cut off and burned during winter cuts to reduce the number of overwintering pests.
Third, the orchard is cleared. In the winter, the orchard is cleaned up once and thoroughly cleaned, and the litter, weeds, and nuts and berries are burnt or fattened to remove the pests and many germs that concentrate overwintering. This will reduce the number of winter diseases and insect pests. .
Fourth, plug the cave. There are often some semi-birth holes in the trunks of the old and young fruit trees and the main branch, which is a place where the pests tend to concentrate wintering. At the same time when scraping the skin, the steel wire is inserted into the cave and stirred to stab the hidden pests, or spray. Note the insecticide, then block it tightly with clay mud to suffocate the insects.
Fifth, scrape off the old bark. For the perennial fruit trees, a thorough and comprehensive scraping work of the old bark was performed in winter. The extent of the treatment was to see the tender skin, avoid hurting the inner skin, scraping the old skin, and eliminating the overwintering diseases and insects hidden under the skin.
Six, spray control. In the winter and spring, 3-5 degrees of Baume lime sulfur agent can be sprayed 1-2 times in order to prevent diseases: 50% marathon 1500 times or 90% trichlorfon 800 times etc. Times to prevent pests.
Seven, trunk white. The whitening of trunks of fruit trees can not only kill the pests, but also use the white reflective effect, reduce the temperature difference between winter and spring, and increase the frost resistance of the trees. This is a protective measure for the overwintering of fruit trees. The preparation of whitening agent can be prepared by 10 kg of quicklime, 1 kg of salt, 1 kg of sulfur powder, 0.1 kg of vegetable oil, and 20 kg of water. When painting, be sure to be even and uniform.
Prevention and Control of Diseases and Pests of Fruit Trees in Winter and Spring (I)
From late November to March the following year, the weather is cold, and the pests and pathogens that harm fruit trees go into hibernation or get into the tree bark to escape from the cold, or overwintering in dried fruit orchards. This is a great time for prevention and control.