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1. Choose a suitable pond The main pond for rearing catfish should not be too big or too small. The area is too big for bait fish to meet. The individual growth of catfish is different; if it is too small, the water quality changes quickly and it is difficult to control. The area of ​​the main carp pond in general is 1000-3335m2. It is required to choose a newly opened pond with sunny leeward, sandy loam bottom, less silt or no silt. The bottom of the pond is flat, slightly inclined toward the outlet, the water depth is about 2m, and the irrigation and drainage system is perfect. The water source is abundant, fresh, non-polluting, and the water quality is good. Ponds need to be exposed to dry sunlight, 10 to 15 days prior to stocking, 10 cm of water, about 100 kg per 667 m2 of lime, plus 5 kg of bleached water the next day, bleached and disinfected with whole pool, and equipped with aerators.
2. Equipped with bait Fish pond The squid feed on live baits. In order to satisfy the supply of bait fish, a bait fish pond must be provided. The bait pond should adopt multiple pools, and the ratio of its area to the main carp pond is 2-3:1. Before the stocking fish ponds are stocked, clear ponds must be disinfected and an aerator be installed.
3, a reasonable stocking carp is generally put in early June, the middling, the species should choose to grow fast faster Alice, specifications should be 3.5-4.5cm, stocking density per 667m2 is 800-1200 tail. When stocking together with the plastic oxygen bag into the pool for about 20 minutes by gentle seedling treatment, adjust the temperature, the temperature difference can not exceed 1-2 °C, then the fish fry into 2% -3% saline solution prepared immediately with the pool water 10 About a minute or so, the specific time depends on the reaction of the fish, and then even the fish bring water into the pool. Ponds should be put in appropriate amount of water peanuts and water hyacinths for perch to create a suitable ecological environment. In the 15 days prior to cod rearing, the sturgeon pond after the disinfection disappeared was filtered with a 40-mesh sieve, watered 60-80 cm, and 80-1 million catfish sprays were placed per 667 m2, no fertilizer was applied, and the milk was fed. Cultivated to 1.2-2.0cm specifications, just for the early feeding of eel to provide adequate palatable food. Later, in the pool, the third grade powder and other fine materials are fed, and as the amount of bait fish decreases, the feed amount is gradually reduced. The length of the fish body is controlled to be 1/4 to 1/3 of the body length of the carp.
The bait fish in the main carp of the carp can feed the carp within one month under normal circumstances, and the length of the carp raised in one month is generally 11.5 to 14.0cm. In order to supplement the supply of bait fish in a timely manner, at the same time as carp rearing, in accordance with the requirements for carp bait coefficient of 5 or so in the equipped bait fish pond, the advantages of multiple ponds should be adopted, and feeding at different densities, arresting at different times, and gradually pulling The method of breeding raises quail bait fish and controls the body length of the baiting fish to be about 50% of the body length of the bream during the same period, so as to ensure that the bait fish and mullet grow synchronously so that the mullet can feed.
4, carefully feeding and management of carp feeding growth suitable water temperature 18-30 °C, the optimum water temperature 23-28 °C, in this range with the increase in water temperature, its food intake increased, the growth rate. Therefore, during the cultivation period, feeding methods are adopted to feed the bait fish at intervals according to the changes in water temperature, feeding once every 7-10 days in the early and late stages, and feeding once every 5-7 days in the middle stage (high temperature period in July, August and September). Each time the amount of bait is 8% -10% of the total amount of carp, the ratio of carp and bait fish is 1:5-10. Feeding fish feed density should be appropriate, the density is too thin, carp fish chase for the bait fish will consume too much physical fitness, unfavorable growth; density is too large, will increase the total oxygen consumption, will cause carp oxygen deficiency floating head, the same disadvantage Fish grows. After the bait fish is put into the trout pond, there is still a period of growth time, and a small amount of concentrate may be fed as appropriate.
The carp enjoys clear water quality, poor tolerance to hypoxia, and high dissolved oxygen requirements in pond water. When dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 3 mg/L, it does not adapt to it, and when it drops below 2.3 mg/L, floating head appears, even Dead fish, so strengthening water quality management is particularly important. Before the salmon fry are stocked, the water quality is affected by soya-bean milk cultivation. Therefore, the pool water should be drained first, then the fresh water should be poured to make the water clear, then the salmon fry should be put into the fry and the fish should be injected once every 7-10 days. New water, each time the amount of water injection 30-40cm gradually deepened pool water to more than 1.5m. During the high-temperature season of July-September, replace the pool water every 3-5 days to maintain the transparency of the water body 30-40cm, less than 30cm, the pool water should be replaced 1/4-1/3, the base is often better to maintain the circulating water, so that Dissolved oxygen in water up to 4-5mg/L. During June-September, lime is splashed once every 10 days, the dosage is 20g/m3, and the pH of the pool water is adjusted between 7.0-8.5. During aquaculture, the time and number of times the aerator is to be turned on should be acquainted with the changes in the weather and the quality of the water, and oxygen should be turned on in time when there is hot or thunderstorms. At the same time, if it is necessary to strengthen duty shifts and watch the pond and find that the squid has spit out the bait fish, it should immediately start aeration and refill with fresh water.
Fish fry with 3 cm or more in stocking rate can be kept for up to 180 days or so under the conditions of suitable water temperature, water quality, and sufficient supply of bait fish. Therefore, the arrest can be carried out in November-December to catch up with the standard carp. In the winter and spring seasons, the pool water is increased to the deepest level, and feed fish are fed in appropriate amounts according to the water temperature and feeding conditions of the squid, and harvested from the dry ponds in April-May in the following year.
5, to strengthen fish disease prevention and control of carp disease and aquaculture fish should be the same as prevention and treatment, in the transport and fishing process, must be careful to avoid touching fish, infectious diseases. The food fish should be strictly controlled, and the sick fish should not be fed to prevent pathogens from entering the pool. Feeding ponds should always be administered with drugs to prevent fish disease. Before the feeding, salt and other medicinal liquids are used for medicinal baths. The common diseases of squid are bacterial gills, trichoderma, slug worms, and ringworms, etc. If squid is found to be inexperienced or slow in action, etc. should be analyzed and diagnosed in a timely manner. Prevention of bacterial and parasitic diseases can be used 1g/m3 bleach or 10g/m3 formalin, 0.7g/m3 copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate mixture (5:2) or 0.2-0.4g/m3B type extermination, etc. Quanchiposa. If parasites and bacterial complications occur, the bactericidal drug should be used after the parasite is killed. In the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, sensitive drugs such as trichlorfon, mercuric nitrate and malachite green should be used with caution to avoid negative effects.
Pond intensive conservation of squid key technologies
Pond intensive farming of squid is a production model with high investment, high efficiency, and high risk. In order to avoid the blindness of the operators, the author is now based on local practice, learn from the experience of foreign countries, summed up some key technologies for intensive care of carp ponds for reference.