In the process of pepper planting, the most important thing to pay attention to is the prevention and control of pests and diseases. There are often farmers who ask about the common pests and diseases of small peppers and how to prevent and cure them. The following is a discussion on the common pest control methods of pepper.

1 Common diseases of pepper

1.1 pepper root rot

1.1.1 Symptoms

Zanthoxylum bungeanum root rot is a soil-borne disease that usually begins in April-June and is most severe in June-August. The main pathogen is Fusarium solani. The susceptible plants showed root rot and accompanied by abnormal odor. The root bark was separated from the xylem, and the xylem was black. The leaves in the aerial part were small, and the leaves were partially chlorotic. The seedlings, adult plants and old plants could infect the disease. But mainly occurs in nursery and adult pepper gardens. When it is harmful, it causes the whole plant to die.

1.1.2 Prevention methods

Strengthen the management of the pepper garden, plant the planting density reasonably, deepen the soil, maintain the soil ventilation capacity, and timely watering and fertilizing. The nursery soil is disinfected with pesticides, and the inspection is strengthened. Once the diseased plants are found, they are immediately removed and destroyed. In April, the pathogen can be infested with a mixture of 15% powdery rusting wettable powder 300-800 times liquid or root rotting 250 times liquid. Adult trees can effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases. The diseased pepper garden has removed the diseased plants and disease roots and destroyed them centrally to reduce the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the pepper garden.

1.2 pepper rust

1.2.1 Symptoms

The pathogen of pepper rust is pepper rust, which usually begins to develop in late June. The rainfall in autumn is heavy, and frequent rainfall will aggravate the disease. The disease is mainly harmful to the leaves, which can reduce the accumulation of organic matter. In the early stage of the disease, there are water-immersed chlorotic spots on the front of the leaves, which later develop into dark brown necrotic spots, and orange-colored urediospores appear in the corresponding parts of the leaf back. When the disease occurs seriously, it can lead to premature defoliation of pepper, affecting the quality and yield of pepper.

1.2.2 Prevention methods

You can choose a relatively resistant product such as pepper

In order to replace susceptible varieties such as Hancheng Dahongpao or to carry out mixed cultivation, disease-resistant varieties can also be cultivated by asexual reproduction or grafting. Strengthen the management of pepper gardens, enhance tree potential and improve plant resistance. Weeding and weeding reduce soil nutrient consumption and promote robust growth of plants. Appropriate topdressing and hydrating and pruning to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the pepper garden.

At the beginning of June, spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture to prevent the occurrence of the disease. For the plants that have already occurred, spray 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture, 15% powder rust WP 10,000 times solution, and 65% mancozeb WP 400-500 times solution. In the late autumn Qingyuan, after collecting the leaves from the pepper, cut off the diseased branches, clean the leaves, and concentrate on the treatment to reduce the source of the bacteria.

2 common pests of pepper

2.1 pepper pepper tiger beetle

2.1.1 Hazard characteristics

Zanthoxylum bungeanum Coleoptera, Cerambycidae. The adult body is 19 to 24 mm long and has a black body and is covered with yellow fluff. The worm has a generation in two years, mostly larvae overwintering. During the larval stage, the roots are drilled and fed in the trunk, causing the tree to weaken and even wither and die, and the damage is heavier; in the adult stage, the pepper leaves are taken, which is lighter.

2.1.2 Prevention methods

Remove the source of the insects and cut off the damaged branches in time. For the seriously damaged plants, they need to be concentrated to reduce the source of the insects. It can be killed in the morning or afternoon on a sunny day during the adult mating period in July. A slow-release poisonous sign made of aluminum phosphide is used to kill larvae in the trunk. In the adult emergence period, spraying 2.5% enemy killing emulsifiable oil 1000 times liquid control. The parasitic natural enemies of Zanthoxylum bungeanum are the hard-skinned swarm of Sichuan, and 5 to 10 parasitic wasps can be released from each plant, which has good control effect on Zanthoxylum bungeanum.

2.2 pepper scale insects

2.2.1 Harmful features

The mites that are harmful to pepper are stalks, Yangbai Shield, Sang Shield, Pear Shield, etc. The scorpion scorpion occurs one or more generations a year. In May and September, a large number of nymphs and adults are visible. Small, the body surface covers the waxy secretions or the shell. When it is harmful, the branches and leaves of the plants are taken by the sucking mouth device, and the damaged leaves turn yellow, the dead branches, the tree is weak, and the whole plant is dead in severe cases.

2.2.2 Prevention methods

In the winter and early spring, use a brush to remove the wintering scales on the trunk and branches. In the middle of May, the nymphs can be controlled by the oil emulsion 50-80 times solution or 10% chlorpyrifos 400 times solution or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 400 times solution, which can effectively control the damage of scale insects.

The above is all about the prevention and control of common pests and diseases of pepper, I hope the above content can help everyone!

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