The Chinese rose is beautifully colored. Its petals are mostly double-flowered and fragrant. It is one of the four cut flowers in the world. It is called the "Queen of Flowers" and is popular among consumers. The use of Chinese rose cut flowers is very extensive. Apart from flower arrangements for homes, hotels, and restaurants, it is also used to make bouquets, flower baskets, and decorated wedding floats.

Breeding method

1, cutting method. Twig cuttings are done in late spring or early fall. If the spraying device is easier to live, it can be carried out all year round, but it is easiest when the temperature is 20.5°C, the temperature is 10°C, and the relative humidity is 70% to 80%.

2, grafting method. The rootstocks are mostly wild rose seedlings, and the grafting period is from January to February. The grafting methods mainly include budding and branching.

3, organizational training. The third to seventh knots of the post-harvest and semi-lignified branches were selected, and the leaves on the shoots were removed and sterilized and cut into single-bud sections for cultivation.

Cultivation points

The moonlight is full of light and is not tolerant of shading. It takes more than 5 hours of direct sunlight every day. Warm and warm, not hot, afraid of cold. The most suitable temperature for the growth of most species is 15 to 26°C during the day and 10 to 15°C at night. During the day, the temperature is too high, the growth is slow, the flowers are small and small, the flowers are not durable, and the flowers are easy to fade and change. However, if the temperature is lower than 13°C, the production of flowers is reduced and the flowering period is delayed. The optimum relative humidity for the Chinese rose is 75% to 80%. If the relative humidity is too high, black spot and white mold are easy to occur. If the relative humidity is too low, the leaves and flowers may become deformed. It does not require strict soil, but it is cultivated in a high-lying, well-drained, humus-rich soil that grows robustly and flourishes.

1, colonization. Planting needs to be deep-turned, and the improved soils such as cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, and compound fertilizer are applied in combination with the ground. The high temperature and rainy weather in the south should be planted in sorghum, with double-row, three-line or four-line planting. The plant spacing is 30 centimeters and the spacing is 35 centimeters.

2, fertilizer and water management. The cultivation period of the Chinese rose can reach 5-6 years. There is more flowering and more fertilizer is needed. The number of fertilization and the amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the plant growth, weather conditions, and varieties to meet the needs of plant growth and development. Usually, a large number of elements or trace elements required for the Chinese rose are formulated as compound fertilizers. Irrigation and fertilization are carried out at the same time, and they are usually applied every 2 to 4 weeks.

3, pruning buds. The growth period should pay attention to pruning, sparse buds, and timely removal of the lateral buds on the flowering branches, buds on the rootstock, and roots on the scions, in order to promote a reasonable plant type, flowering, flower color.

4, shading cooling. In the southern warm regions, the cultivation season for open-season cut-to-earth cultivation is high. In particular, it is important to pay attention to shading and protection against rain. In winter, no warming is generally required.

Flowering regulation

Rose cultivation in the greenhouse, the flowering period from October to May next year, of which the highest value from December to March of the following year. Southern China warm regions such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and other areas of the Pearl River Delta, such as open cultivation season, can supply cut flowers on the anniversary, but the market price fluctuates greatly, Christmas, Valentine's Day and Spring Festival and other festivals have the highest prices. Therefore, it is necessary to consciously adjust the flowering period and strive for higher economic benefits.

1, the regulation of temperature. Under protected cultivation conditions, providing a suitable temperature for the growth of the Chinese rose can enable continuous flowering of the Chinese rose.

2, pruning, topping and control of water and fertilizer. A large number of flowers need to be cut at the festival, pruned six to eight weeks in advance, and then reduced watering, forcing it to sleep for 1 week. In order to provide for National Day, it is necessary to resume growth at the beginning of August. Generally, the new shoots will bloom after 60 days, just in time to catch up with the festival, but they still have to pick one or two times until the number of main branches and lateral branches of the whole plant is sufficient to produce Lots of flowers till now.

3, adjust the flowering parameters. Due to the difference in light intensity, the harvest time of the two crops in the spring and summer seasons is about 6 weeks apart, and the harvest time is 7-8 weeks from autumn to winter. This can be used as a parameter to adjust the flowering period by topping and controlling temperature, light, and humidity.

Harvesting and storage

1, suitable for harvesting. Usually 1 to 2 days before flowering, buds in the southern region can be harvested without opening. The cutting time is also related to the variety. The red and pink varieties are usually harvested when the first two petals start to develop and the sepals are in reverse position. The yellow varieties are earlier than the red and pink varieties, and the white varieties are later than the red. And pink varieties. In late spring and summer, some picking was done earlier than autumn and early spring. The roses used for storage are cut 1 to 2 days earlier than normal harvesting.

2, moderately reasonable cut squid. When the squid is cut, it usually needs to have 5 pitches or longer. After cutting, the squid is allowed to absorb water, and then the squid length is graded. Each 30 branches are bundled and sold on the market.

3, storage storage. If the harvested roses are not immediately available for sale, they can be stored for storage at a temperature of 1 to 3°C and a relative humidity of 90% to 95%, preferably in water or fresh water for wet storage. If you need to store more than 2 weeks, it is best to dry in a moisturizing container, the temperature is maintained at -0.5 ~ 0 °C, relative humidity requirements of 85% ~ 95%.

4, after cutting the transport. Wet transport can be used for short-distance transportation. The stalks of the cut flowers are wrapped with wet cotton balls or directly immersed in buckets containing water or fresh-keeping liquids; long-distance transportation can be carried out using film moisturizing packaging. Before storage, the dried rose cut flowers should be cut 1 cm away from the base of the squid and inserted into a sugar-containing sterilizing liquid for 4 to 6 hours.

5, buds cut flowers to promote flowers. After harvesting, it can be placed in a solution of 500 mg citric acid per liter, overnight at 0 to 1°C under refrigeration. The base of the squid is then placed in the aforementioned flowering solution and treated for 6 to 7 days under continuous light at a temperature of 23 to 25C, a relative humidity of 80%, and a pressure of 1000 to 3,000 lux to reach the sale requirement.

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