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Lobster farming
The lobster breeding seed breeding 1, broodstock selection in the last year 9-10 months or 3-4 months of the year selected broodstock, requires a weight of 30-50g, appendages complete, healthy and disease-free, strong activity, male to female ratio of 2 -3:1. Male and female lobsters have obvious features in appearance and are easy to distinguish. 1 Mature lobsters, the male individuals are significantly larger than the females; 2 The males have large foot and there is a bright red soft palate on both sides of the dragon feet. The female dragon feet are relatively small, and most of the female feet do not have red soft palate. The color is also subdued; 3 male gonopore openings in the fifth pair of foot foot base, female genital hole is open in the third pair of foot foot base; 4 sexually mature female abdomen enlargement, the male abdomen is relatively small. 2. The broodstock breeding broodstock pond area is suitable for about 1200m2, the bottom soil is made of loam, the water depth is about 1m, and the pond width is more than 1.5m, there are sufficient and good water sources, and the injection and drainage outlets are built. Use plastic film or calcium plastic plates to prevent escape from the wall. Discard the pond with 50-60kg/kg lime dry pond 7-10 days before stocking. After the disinfection, the water is filtered by the Filter (the wild fish is prevented from entering the pond) and the water depth is about 1m, and the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is used to fertilize water of 500-800kg/mu. In the pool, people are provided with concealed objects such as branches, roots, bamboo tubes, etc., and some plants are transplanted. The broodstock pool can be used to feed broodstock 40-60kg/mu, and 3% salt water is used for bathing for 10 minutes before stocking to kill pathogens. In order to make full use of the water body and regulate the water quality, 50-100 tails per mu can be mixed. During the cultivation period, fresh water grass, bean cake, wheat bran or compound feed can be fed and a part of animal feed can be added. Such as chopped snail meat, livestock slaughtered leftovers and so on. Daily feeding amount: March is 2%-3% of broiler weight, 4% to 5% in April, 6% to 8% after May, and 1 feeding each morning and evening, mainly in the evening. It accounts for 70% of the amount of bait. At the same time strengthen water quality management, change fresh water once every 10-15 days, change water 1/3 each time; use lime every day for 10-25g/m2 dipping water once to maintain good water quality, promote gonad development . 3, broodstock breeding 4-5 months, water temperature above 20, broodstock began mating. Fertilized eggs hatch into juvenile shrimp in the female's abdomen, and incubation takes 40 to 70 days. After juvenile hatching, the growth and development of juveniles are completed under maternal protection. When young shrimp leave the mother, they can take food and live independently. When a large number of juvenile shrimps are found in the breeding ponds, the seedlings should be harvested in time for the cultivation of shrimps. 4, the broodstock winter lobster survival water temperature is the lowest value of 5 °C. However, when the water temperature is lower than 9°C, the mortality rate is high during the overwintering period for shrimps of about 3 cm in size, and although adult shrimps can survive, there are also many deaths after 2-3 months. Therefore, do a good job of wintering for broodstock and ensure that the water temperature during the winter is between 16°C and 18°C, which is also an important part of the breeding work. The method of overwintering of broodstock is the same as that of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Commonly used wintering methods include plastic film-covered pool insulation method, electric heater heating method, hot spring water overwinter method, factory residual hot water overwinter method and glass room overwinter method, etc. The safe wintering effect of broodstock. 5. Although the amount of eggs held by lobsters is not large, the fertilization rate can be above 98%, and the hatching rate can reach 80% to 85%. The problem is that post-emergence growth of clams is frequent and susceptible to environmental conditions that affect seedlings. To improve the seedling raising rate, the following points must be made: 1 Water quality requirements During the breeding of lobster, it is necessary to keep the water body relatively stable, the water quality is fresh, the pH is between 6.5-8, and the water temperature difference between day and night is prevented; the dissolved oxygen in the water should be maintained. 5.6 mg/l or more. 2 water environment water surface must have water lotus (accounting for 1/3), the bottom of the best water plants, and hidden caves, increase shrimp seedling clam shell attachments, but also easy to check the seedlings by water lotus seedlings to check the time And the growth of shrimp. The water inlet is equipped with a fence and a filter to prevent the entry of predators into the pond, while preventing frogs from entering the pool and spawning eggs to avoid sturgeon. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the brooding shrimps from climbing. 3 strengthen the inspection persist in checking the emergence of the situation in the morning and evening, when the larvae free mother, promptly catch the broodstock back to the broodstock pool and then nurture, try to reduce the inventory over the pool, the operation should be particularly careful to avoid the broodstock and newly hatched broodstock The prawns have an effect. 4 Ensure that feeding is carried out. Small zooplankton, such as rotifers, are used to feed fresh hatchlings. It is estimated that 3-5 days before hatching, a small amount of small zooplankton will be caught from the special feed pond to enter the shrimp pond. And use cooked egg yolk, soy milk and other timely feed supplements for young and young shrimp. Juvenile shrimp cultivation I, cultivation requires juvenile shrimp leave the mother's life, usually in the young shrimp pond, wait until the young shrimp all leave the mother and remove the broodstock, leaving the young shrimp to cultivate, this time the average body length of the young shrimp is 0.8 In centimeters, after 15 days of cultivation, the body length can be up to 2.4-3 cm for the farmers to produce shrimp. (1) The nursery pond requires that the cement pool with an area of ​​20-40m2 and water depth of 0.6-0.8m is preferred for the young shrimp ponds, and the earthen ponds can also be used. However, the new cement pools must be treated with alkali beforehand, requiring close proximity to the water source and good water quality. , Drainage is convenient, anti-escape facilities are built, and ponds are sterilized (the same method as broodstock breeding). After the disinfection, 500 kg/mu of organic fertilizer was applied, and plankton was cultivated for feeding by juvenile shrimp. At the same time set up tree roots, bamboo tube, etc., to provide young shrimp habitat, shells and hidden places. (2) Water requirements 1 Water quality Generally, river water or well water is used, and the water quality should be fresh. At the inlet, filter the influent water with a screen to prevent insects, aquatic animals (such as otters), small fish, shrimp and eggs from entering the pool. During the cultivation period, depending on the residue feed and water quality (such as ammonia nitrogen and other high levels of tri-state nitrogen), it is necessary to regularly change the water to maintain good water quality. 2 The suitable water temperature range is 27°C to 29°C, and the range of change cannot exceed 2°C. If the water temperature is lower than 20°C, the growth rate will decrease, which will seriously affect the survival rate. Therefore, the water temperature should be kept relatively stable during the entire cultivation period. 3 Dissolved Oxygen The juvenile shrimp leave the mother's body and the cultivation pool must be continuously inflated throughout the day so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is sufficient. The PH value of the 4PH cultivation water should be controlled at 7-8.5, which is alkaline. If the water quality is found to be acidic, quicklime can be used to adjust the PH value. With the tap water for the small-scale production of the breeding ground, baking soda can be used to adjust the PH value. 2, breeding technology juvenile shrimp stocking amount is generally 150 ~ 230 tail / m2, pay attention to the same specifications with the shrimp in the pool, and choose sunny morning or cloudy days. After 1 week of stocking, soybean milk can be fed for 3-4 times a day. From the 2nd week on, animal feeds such as small fish, snail meat, cockroach and silkworm cocoon are mainly fed. Paste feed, 1 shot each in the morning and evening, 40% of the daily bait amount in the morning, and 0.25-0.40kg per 10,000 juvenile shrimps in the early days of feeding, and about 10% of the shrimp weight will be fed later. During the cultivation period, change the water once every 10 days for 1/3 of each time; splash lime water once every 20 days, the concentration is about 20g/m3 to adjust the water quality. After 25-30 days of cultivation, the juveniles can grow up to 3cm in length and can be transferred into shrimp culture. Shrimp aquaculture technology I. Livestock lobsters have a strong vitality. They can make full use of ponds, rice fields, and some wasteland and pit ponds for aquaculture. The area is suitable for 2001 to 3335 m2. Due to the habit of burrowing holes in the shrimp, the depth of the cave is generally 50-80cm, and the depth of some caves is more than 1m. To avoid escaping from the burrows, the acreage around the aquaculture water should be more than 1.5m, and it should be set on all sides. 0.5m high anti-escape wall or anti-runboard with smooth inner wall, built up injection and drainage system. At the same time, several mud louses should be built in the middle of the pond. The loach should not be connected to the ponds. The length of the loach must be about 4/5 of the pool length, more than lm, and 5-10 cm above the water surface, creating a cave for the lobsters. Place. The depth of the pool should be 0.5-1m, preferably in the middle of the water, surrounded by shallows. Roots, bamboo tubes, etc. are placed at the bottom of the pool and the water surface is raised to raise water plants. 2. Stocking preparation (1) Pond finishing Before the shrimp enters the pond, it is necessary to seriously carry out the pond finishing, remove the mud and flat the bottom of the pool, so that the pool bottom and the pool wall have good water retention performance and minimize water leakage. The pool embankment must have a certain slope. Where conditions permit, digging a ditch in the middle of the bottom of the pool or digging a ditch around the bottom of the ditch can be helpful for the cultivation and management of early shrimp seedlings and the convenience of capture. (2) Disinfection of clear ponds The disinfection work of clear ponds directly affects the survival rate and aquaculture production of shrimps. Commonly used methods are: 1 Quicklime disinfection: There are two kinds of dry disinfection and water disinfection. Dry disinfection, 60-80 kg of lime per acre, Quanchiposa, and after 3-5 days of drying ponds, pour new water; with water disinfection, 1 meter depth per acre, with fresh lime 125-150 In kilograms, after the fresh lime is dissolved in water, the entire pool is sprayed evenly. 2 bleaching powder disinfection: the bleaching powder after melting, Quanchiposa, the amount of 7 kg per acre, bleaching fine halved. 3 Trichlorfon disinfection: 500 grams of crystals of trichlorfon per acre of water, plus 50 grams of enemies. (3) Inflow and fertilization When injecting new water, it should be filtered to prevent wild fish and fish eggs from entering the pool with water. At the same time, fertilization cultivated plankton and became a direct natural feed for shrimp. The commonly used amount of organic fertilizer is 75-100 kg per mu, so that the water has a certain amount of fat. At this time, the water level is shallow. With the deepening of the water, it is necessary to gradually increase the amount of fertilizer. It depends on the color. (4) Planting aquatic lobsters are omnivorous. Although they are animal-oriented, they also eat water grass to feed their hunger in case of insufficient animal feed. The plants that lobsters feed on include Vallisneria, Hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, Water Lilies, and Alternanthera philoxeroides (water peanut). Aquatic grasses are also an ideal place for hidden and inhabited shrimps, as well as a good place for shrimps. Raising shrimp in ponds with many aquatic plants has a high survival rate. 3, juvenile shrimp stocking (1) stocking fry seedlings quality requirements 1 specifications neat shrimp seedlings require more than 0.8 cm, shrimp species size 2.5-3 cm. Shrimp or shrimp species stocked in the same pond require the same specifications and one foot at a time. 2 The healthy shrimps and shrimps with strong physique should have strong vitality, complete appendages, no disease, no injury, and strong ability to resist drought. They will not die for a long time after leaving the water. 3Wild shrimp species should be cultivated artificially by domesticated shrimp species. If wild shrimp species are purchased, they must be artificially domesticated for a period of time before they are stocked to avoid mutual killing and improve the survival rate of stocking. (2) Delivery methods and precautions The juveniles are generally released in May. The juveniles can be put into plastic basins. A small amount of water is added to the basins slowly until the water temperature in the basin is close to the water in the basin, and the water in the basin is added. 3% a 4% salt soaking bath about 5 minutes disinfection, and then slowly release the pool along the edge of the pool, pay attention to avoid exposure when stocking. In general, 1-1.5 million tails or 80-120 kg/mu of juvenile shrimp can be stocked in 3 cm, and 50-100 fish tails/mu can be mixed in order to regulate water quality. In this way, the shrimp production can reach 400-600kg, and the benefit is about 1,000 yuan/mu. For example, when shrimps are purchased from overseas, the long time away from the water, some shrimp even appear coma, should be raised in the basin for 20 minutes and then put in, can improve the survival rate. 4. Feeding lobsters in feeds is omnivorous, especially animal feeds, and lobsters are greedy and have large food intakes. Attention should be paid to feeding methods. Shrimp aquaculture can be directly fed minced rice bran, bean cake, bran, mixed fish, snail meat, silkworm cocoon, clams, slaughterhouse leftovers or compound feed, etc., to keep the feed protein content of about 25%, daily feed It is 4-10% of shrimp body weight, and it adjusts according to season, weather, water quality, shrimp physiological condition. From April to September, the water temperature is appropriate. It is a period of high growth of shrimps. Usually it is fed 2-3 times a day. The time is from 9 to 10 am and before or after sunset, and the daily feed is 5-8% of the body weight of the shrimp. Each season can be fed once per person, before and after sunset, or on the next day according to feeding conditions: feed once a day, daily feed for shrimp; weight 1-3%. Feed feeding should pay attention to when the weather is fine, and more investment, high temperature hot and humid, continuous cloudy or rainy days or less water quality is too thick; a lot of shrimp oyster shell less vote, after the oyster shell more vote. During the cultivation, fertilizer should be applied timely. Usually 5-7 days after juveniles are released. Fermentable livestock manure 50-60kg/mu. From late June to mid-August, the main organic fertilizer is applied. The frequency and quantity of fertilizer shall be based on appropriate water color and transparency. The water color is bean green or tea brown, and the transparency is 30-40 cm. The water quality should not be too fat, otherwise it is easy to lack. Oxygen floating head. Specifically speaking. Should grasp the following points: (1) In accordance with the different growth and development stages of lobsters on the nutritional needs, do a good job bait combination of juvenile shrimp and shrimp species, the main intake rotifers, Cladocera, copepods and aquatic insect larvae, A large number of rotifers, horned worms, copepods, and aquatic insect larvae should be cultivated by applying basal fertilizers and timely fertilizers to feed juvenile shrimps and shrimps. At the same time supplemented by artificial feeding. In August and September, when the lobster grows rapidly, it should be fed with wheat bran, bean cake and tender green feed, pumpkin, hawthorn and melon skin, supplemented by animal food. May and June are the key stages of gonads development in lobster broodstock, and in August and September, lobsters will accumulate nutrient preparations for the wintering period. At this time, more animal feeds such as fish, snail meat, clams, and slaughterhouses should be fed. The animal's leftovers, etc., so as to fully meet the nutritional requirements of lobster growth and development. (2) According to the feeding characteristics of lobsters, scientific feeding lobsters have the habit of nocturnal outbreaks. At night, they come out for food. The lobsters also have the characteristics of bulimia and competing for food. Therefore, in the feeding of bait, it is usually possible to vote every day. Feed 2 times, mainly in the evening, and the feeding amount should account for 70% of the total feeding amount. Lobster swimming ability is poor, the range of activities is small, and has the habit of occupying land, so the feeding of feedstuffs should adopt the method of qualitative, quantitative, timing, and fixed point, feeding evenly, so that each shrimp can eat Avoid competition for food and promote balanced growth. (3) According to the weather, water quality, and the lobster's active eating conditions, reasonable feeding, at a water temperature of 20°C to 32°C and good water quality, the food consumption of lobsters is quite strong, and the daily feeding amount of live bait may be According to the 8%-12% of the lobster weight in the pool, dry food or compound feed is 3% to 5%. The ingestion intensity of lobster is directly constrained by environmental factors such as water temperature and water quality. Therefore, the daily feeding amount should be adjusted according to the weather, water quality, and the lobster's activity. The general principle is that the weather is clear and the water quality is good. The lobster activities are eating well and should be fed with more bait. If there is high temperature, rainy weather, or the water quality is too strong, less feeding should be done. When a large number of lobsters are shelled, they should be thrown less. Should be more investment; lobster growth season should be more investment, the onset of the season or when lobster activity is not normal when less feeding, so as to improve the utilization of bait. 5, water quality management Lobster is very resistant to hypoxia, and can directly use the oxygen in the air, over-fat water quality can survive. Water quality management of pond cultured lobsters is relatively simple. (1) regulate and control the quality of water to keep the dissolved oxygen in the pond above 5 mg/l, the PH value is 7-8.5, the transparency is about 40 cm, change the water every 15-20 days, change the water every time 1/2; Sprinkle lime water once every 20 days, about 10 kilograms per acre, to regulate water quality. (2) Adjusting the water level The lobster water level in the pond culture should not be too deep. Usually the water depth is kept at about 1 meter, and the water level in the high temperature season and during the icing season can be deeper. During the whole breeding period, the water level should be relatively stable, and do not change suddenly so as not to affect the growth of lobster. 6, daily management of lobster culture, daily management is a long-term arduous and meticulous work, we must persevere. (1) Adhere to the inspection of the patrol ponds Insist on one or more weekly inspections in the morning or evening to observe changes in the water quality of ponds, understand the status of lobster feeding activities, and adjust the feeding amount of the lobsters; clean up the culture environment, and identify abnormalities and take timely measures. (2) Pay attention to changes in water quality. Water quality is affected by industrial pollution, pesticide pollution, etc. When the water is low in dissolved oxygen, water quality is aged, or when there is bad weather such as sultry heat, continuous rain, etc., the amount of feeding should be reduced or the feeding should be stopped. Observe that if the lobster is found to be unresponsive, swim to the shore, float the head and climb to the shore. , indicating that severe hypoxia, water injection or aerator aeration. New water is often added to keep the pool water clean and sanitary; regular use of quicklime to disinfect shrimp ponds; add a variety of vitamins to shrimp feed to enhance shrimp immunity. (3) Do a good job of preventing the escape of cultured lobster ponds, use plastic film or calcium plastic plates and other materials to build anti-escape walls. Especially in the flood season and typhoon season, we must do a good job of preventing floods and prevent winds, rain, and floods from flooding the fields or flooding to cause escape. (4) Strengthen the management of clam shell shrimp clam shell is an important symbol of lobster growth. It is very important to do a good job in the management of oyster clam shrimp. In order to facilitate the management of oyster shell crawfish, lobster should be promoted by means such as feeding or changing water. The group unified the shell. When a large number of lobsters are shelled, feeding should be reduced and human interference should be reduced. All operations should be carefully and carefully, create a quiet and good environment, and promote smooth lobster shelling. After a large number of lobster oyster shells, it is necessary to timely feed high-quality food, to prevent mutual killing due to lack of food. (5) Strictly prevent the lobster from having holes in the lobster. The holes are used to build safe and reliable habitats, shells and shelters to protect themselves. Therefore, in breeding, one can lay a layer of dense mesh plastic cloth on the slope of the pool, both to protect the slope and prevent holes. The second is to plant more aquatic plants in the pond, set up a certain number of meshes, or set artificial caves such as bamboo tubes and plastic tubes to increase the habitat of the lobsters and conceal the places where the oysters cover their shells, thereby reducing the chances of lobster burrowing. Scientific Culture of Lobster Science Culture of Lobster One. It is to create a good lobster growth environment. The lobster is a kind of shell and shell animal. Similar to crabs, it has a pair of particularly developed chelators and has the habit of digging caves. It is usually drilled near the shore by water. The lobsters are afraid of light. When the light is weak or dark, they climb out of the cave. When the light is strong, they sink into the water or hide in the cave. According to the lobster's habits, a 50-cm-high anti-escape net can be added to the river pond to prevent the lobster from fleeing. At the same time, Hetang simulates the ecological environment of lobster under natural conditions, and 10-15% of aquatic plants and concealed plants are planted under the shallow side of the pond to create a habitat for lobsters and shelling, reducing mutual killing. The impact of water quality on lobster production cannot be ignored either. The quality of water directly affects the healthy growth and development of lobsters. In the breeding process, the pH of the pool water is kept between 7.5-8.5, the transparency is 30-40 cm, and new water is often added, and the lime solution is regularly spilled to adjust. Water quality to prevent the occurrence of diseases and shelling. 2. It is reasonable to feed the feed. Lobsters will kill each other when they are hungry and have insufficient food. Therefore, the amount of feed must be sufficient. Lobster feed is animal and plant feed. Vegetable feed is wheat, aquatic grass, rapeseed cake, etc. Animal feedstuffs are miscellaneous fish, miscellaneous meats and livestock viscera. Normally, the feeding time, feeding amount and feeding method are determined according to the habit of lobsters buzzing and the density of shrimp in the pond. Otherwise, it will increase the cost of feed and reduce the breeding efficiency. It is scientific fishing. In the lobster culture process, juvenile shrimp can grow to commercial specifications in 60-90 days under appropriate temperature and feed. The seedlings were released in March, and the arrests began in June and sold large and small. Since catching large and small, catching and rotating in rounds, it can increase the rate of catch-up, sell a good price, and achieve high-yield and high-efficiency. Rice field farming Lobster rice farming Fish farming crayfish crayfish farming Crawfish crayfish is a good form of rice farming. First, the cultivation of paddy field project construction choice close to the water source, the amount of water is sufficient, no pollution around the source of the field cultured crayfish crayfish. Paddy field is better with loamy soil. It requires the Tianfu to be thick and flat, with no tall trees around the paddy field, supporting bridges and culverts, water, electricity, and access roads. Shrimp ditches are to be dug around the inside of the rice paddy fields, with a width of 4 to 6 meters, a depth of 0.8 to 1 meter, and a slope ratio of 1:2.5. Large areas of the plot, but also in the field excavation field trenches, a width of 1 meter, deep 0. 5 ~ 0.6 meters. The aquaculture ditch and field ditch area account for about 20% of the paddy field area. Use the soil excavated in the open shrimp ditch to reinforce the height of the field and level the field. According to the pattern of high-irrigation and low-elevation drainage, the water intake channel is built on the field ridge, and the drainage outlet is arranged at the lowest point of the paddy field, ensuring that the irrigation can be advanced and discharged. Around the field, a plastic film or a calcium-plastic plate is used to prevent escape from the wall. It is better to use a plastic mesh cloth to cover the inner slope of the field clam so as to prevent holes in the crayfish crayfish. Second, shrimp shrimp stocking 1, preparation (1) clearing the ditch disinfection. Per-mu rice field shrimp gully with 75 kg of lime or other drugs, completely clearing the ditch disinfection. (2) Apply base fertilizer. Per-mu farming shrimp ditch decomposed livestock manure fertilizer 500 to 800 kg of fertilizer water quality. (3) Transplanting aquatic plants. In the shrimp ditch, aquatic plants such as Hydrilla verticillata and Malay Oozi are planted, or leeks are planted in the ditch. (4) Filter the water. The influent water is screened with a screen to prevent entry of predators. Shrimp ditch water depth can maintain 0.6 to 0.8 meters. 2, stocking (1) summer stocking. The juvenile shrimps that were artificially propagated in the year of stocking were mainly used. Restocking time is from July to September. Per-mu raising shrimp ditch raising 15,000 to 20,000. (2) Winter stocking. Normally, in December, 10,000 to 15,000 shrimp species of about 3 centimeters in size will be stocked per mu. Where conditions permit, two-season shrimp culture can be carried out. From July to October, one-season shrimp or Macrobrachium rosenbergii can be cultivated, and from December to the fifth year of the following year, one-season crayfish can be cultivated. 3. Precautions (1) Guarantee the quality of shrimp seedlings, and stocking shrimps of the same specifications in the same field, once at a time. (2) When stocking on sunny days or in rainy days, shrimps should be washed with 3% to 4% salt water for 10 minutes after stocking. Third, feeding and management 1, feeding 8 to 9 months to feed plant-based feed, 10 to 12 months to feed some animal feed. The amount of daily feeding was arranged at 6% to 8% of the body weight of the shrimp. In winter, it is fed once every 3 to 5 days, and the daily feeding amount is 2% to 3% of the body weight of the shrimp. Since April of the following year, gradually increase the amount of feeding. 2. Water quality management During the high-temperature season from August to September, change the water every 10 days, change the water every time by 1/3, and splash lime water once every 20 days to adjust the water quality. 3, daily management inspection field inspection once a day. Do a good job of flood prevention and escape prevention. There are more aquatic plants in the shrimp ditch. Don't flush water when large quantities of shrimp are clam shelled. Don't disturb them. After the clam shell, feed high-quality animal feed. Fourth, commodity shrimp fishing stocking from August to September, fishing in December; winter stocking, fishing from June to July the following year. Pond culture Pond culture Lobster crayfish ponds Crawfish crawfish breeding, feeding and management is easy, a wide source of feed, high yield, is an important form of crayfish crayfish farming. First, the aquaculture facilities pond area is suitable for 4 ~ 10 acres, depth 1 ~ 1.5 meters, slope ratio 1:2.5. The bottom of the pool is flat, and the bottom soil is made of loam, and the slope is harder. The pond has good water retention and the water level is easy to regulate. Adequate water supply, no water pollution. According to the pattern of high-irrigation and low-discharge, built into the drainage channel, so that the irrigation can be advanced and discharged. The crawfish crawfish escape ability is strong, we must do a good job of anti-escape facilities. Usually use plastic film or calcium plastic plate, along the pool around the use of bamboo piles or stakes support fenced escape. 2. Prepare before stocking 1. Thoroughly clear the pond to disinfect the shrimp seedlings for 20-30 days before stocking, drain the pool water, remove excess silt, and renovate the ponds. Use 75 kg of quicklime per acre or bleaching powder, bleaching powder and other drugs. Qingchi disinfection. 2. Apply sufficient basal fertilizer to compost 500-600 kg of livestock manure per acre to cultivate rotifers, cladocera, copepod plankton, and provide palatable food for shrimp seedlings. 3, planted aquatic plant pool Rotary leaf black algae, Malay eye dish, Elodea and other aquatic plants, an area of ​​shrimp pond area of ​​2/3. At the same time, set up nets, or set bamboo tubes, plastic tubes, etc., to provide habitat, clam shells and shelters for crayfish crayfish. Third, shrimp seedlings stocking 1, breeding models can use a variety of farming models. (1) Summer stocking mode. The first batch of juvenile shrimps hatched in the year of stocking was mainly stocked, and the stocking time was in mid-late July. The juvenile shrimps had a size of 0.8 cm or more. 30,000 to 40,000 tails are stocked per acre. (2) Fall stocking mode. The large size shrimp or shrimp species cultivated in the year of stocking were the main species, and the stocking time was from mid-August to September. About 1.2 cm of shrimp specifications, stocking 25 000 to 30,000 per mu; shrimp species specifications 2.5 to 3 cm, stocking 15,000 to 20,000 per mu. At the end of the year, a small number of products can reach the market specification, most of which will be listed on the market from June to July of the following year. The commercial shrimp will only weigh 25 grams and produce 300 to 500 kilograms per mu. (3) Winter and spring stocking mode. It is usually stocked in December or March-April of the following year. In the year of stocking, shrimps that did not meet the market specifications were mainly based on specifications of 100 to 200 eggs per kilogram, and stocking of 15,000 to 20,000 fish per acre. After winter and spring breeding, it will be listed on the market from June to July. The commodity shrimp will weigh up to 30 grams and produce 400 to 500 kilograms per mu. 2. The quality requirements for seed quality shrimp seedlings are: (1) The specifications are neat. Juvenile shrimps are more than 0.8 cm in size and shrimps are about 3 cm in size. The specifications of the shrimps stocked in the same pond should be the same, and should be enough at a time. (2) Robust constitution, complete appendages, no sickness, no injuries, and strong vitality. (3) The shrimp seedlings are all artificially cultivated. If it is a wild species of shrimp, it should be domesticated and then reared for a period of time in order to avoid fighting each other. 3. Matters needing attention: (1) The winter retreat should be conducted on a sunny day in the morning, and the summer and autumn retreats should be conducted on sunny days in the morning or on rainy days to avoid sun exposure. (2) Shrimp were bathed with 3% to 5% saline before bathing for 10 minutes to kill parasites and pathogenic bacteria. (3) Shrimp species purchased from foreign countries should be treated slightly before stocking due to long time to water. Shrimp seeds soaked in the pool water for 1 minute, lifted for 2 to 3 minutes, then soaked for 1 minute, so repeated 2 or 3 times, so that shrimp body surface and sucking water after the sucking cavity to raise the survival rate. (4) Keep ponds of Crawfish crayfish and mix them appropriately to improve water quality and make full use of feed resources. Fourth, the scientific feeding of crayfish shrimp food complex, and more bulimia. Feed feed, grasp the following three points. 1. According to the nutritional needs of the long-term development stage of crayfish, do a good job of feed combination and feeding. In the stage of juvenile shrimp and juvenile shrimp, the rotifers, cladocera, copepods, and aquatic insect larvae feed on the shrimps. In the adult shrimps, animal feed and vegetable feed are also used. After the shrimp and shrimp species are stocked, they must timely apply fertilizer and fertilize water quality. During the fast growing stage of crayfish from August to October, bran, bean cake, and green feed were fed, and animal feed was properly fed. From November to December, crayfish were fed mainly animal feed before winter. 2, according to the living habits and feeding characteristics of crayfish crayfish feeding. The crayfish crayfish are mostly active at night for food, and they have food and gluttony habits. Feed feeds must adhere to feeds once a day in the morning and in the afternoon, mainly in the afternoon, accounting for 70% of the total feeding amount; adopt qualitative, quantitative, timed feeding methods, feed enough feed, ensure that each shrimp is fed Eat enough to avoid competing for food. 3, according to the weather, water quality changes and feeding activities of shrimp activities reasonable feeding. The suitable water temperature for growth of crayfish is 20-32°C. In August-October, the crayfish of Crayfish have a large food intake. The daily feeding amount can be arranged at 6% to 10% of the body weight of the shrimp, and the dry feed or compound feed can be arranged at 2% to 4%, and the weather and water quality can be used. And shrimp activities increase and decrease appropriately. Continuous rainy weather or excessive water quality, can be fed less, when the weather is fine, more than appropriate feeding; a large number of shrimp oysters when feeding less, after the oyster shell more feeding; shrimp less feeding season, when the normal growth of more feeding . It is necessary to allow shrimp to eat well, but also to reduce waste and improve feed utilization. V. Daily Management 1. Establish a patrol pool inspection system. Every day, the pool is patrolled and abnormalities are promptly taken. 2, regulate water quality. Keep the amount of dissolved oxygen in shrimp ponds above 5 g/l, pH 7 to 8.5, and transparency about 40 cm. Change the water every 15 to 20 days, changing the water by 1/3 each time. Sprinkle lime water every 20 days and use 10 kg of lime per acre. Keep the water level stable and do not flicker. 3. Strengthen the management of habitats and clam shells. There are always more aquatic plants in the shrimp pond. When a large number of shrimp oyster shells are forbidden to interfere, immediately after the oyster shell is fed with high-quality palatable feed to prevent mutual killing and promote growth. 4, prevent escape and prevent disease. Intensive inspections during the flood season to prevent shrimp escape. Do a good job in disease prevention and the elimination of enemy harm. Six, commodity shrimp fishing and transportation 1. Fishing. It can be harvested from June to July and from November to December. First use a cage net, hand-draw nets and other tools to capture, and finally dry pool capture. It is also possible to catch big and stay small and catch it all year round. 2, transport. Commercial shrimps are usually shipped in foam plastic boxes, plastic bags, or refrigerated trucks. Keep the shrimps moist during transport and do not squeeze them to increase the survival rate. Lobster fishing Lobster fishing The lobsters are divided into two kinds of crustaceans and crustaceans. The crustaceans are tender and the crustaceans are large. From May to September each year, it is the season for fishing lobsters. Fishing Because lobsters like to grow in weeds, and lobster bottoms are unlikely to be even, lobsters also have hole-making habits. Therefore, according to the biological characteristics of lobsters, the following fishing methods are used. 1. Ground cage fishing The lobster net is made into a cage. Each cage is about 20-30 meters long, l0-20 square grids, each grid with barbed spaces on both sides, the cage is covered with a shielding net, and the two sides of the cage are round. It is better to have nets in the ground cage network. Every morning or afternoon, place the cage on the edge of the shrimp pond, and put richer fish, chicken guts and other things as bait. In the evening, when the shrimp came out searching for food, they smelled bad smells, thought about it, and hit the cage. There was a net above the cage and they couldn't climb up. Then they looked around for the population and got into the cage. The caged shrimp slid deep into the cage and became the shrimp in the cage. This fishing method is suitable for the fishing of wild lobsters and deep lobster fishing. 2, hand dip net fishing shrimp side squared into a square, the following with a cone with a barbed cone, along the edge of the shrimp pond or aquatic plants, and constantly catch the rod, shrimp into the square dip net, When the net was raised, the shrimps were caught. This fishing method is suitable for use in densely populated areas. 3. The dry pool catches the water in the drained pond. The shrimp is presented at the bottom of the pond and is picked up by hand.