In recent years, our group has been market-oriented, and based on the characteristics of the local climatic cultivation environment, we have vigorously developed the red industry and the economic efficiency has improved significantly. In particular, tomato sauce has become one of the main economic crops of our group, and the planting area has been expanding year by year. Over the past few years, our group has continued to learn and sum up experience and explore new technologies for growing tomatoes. Such as: (1) selection of high-yield and disease-resistant varieties; (2) application of different irrigation methods (atmospheric pressure hose cuff irrigation, drip irrigation technology); (3) greenhouse seedling transplanting techniques. And continue to sum up and improve with other supporting technical measures, so that the rapid increase in tomato yield. In 2004, the total tomato planting area was 1,000 hectares and the yield was 6.9 tons. The cultivation techniques of tomato processing in the past year are summarized as follows.
First, the choice of land for the use of tomato sauce on the soil is not very strict, but the high requirements of the permeability of the soil, therefore, the poor permeability is not suitable for planting. Each field is a plowshare wintering ground. In the spring of the year, we had the power to prepare for the land. To achieve "qi, flat, loose, loose, clean," six-character standard.
Second, the cultivation method
1, drip irrigation field using tile live broadcast method, in mid-March, mechanical film and drip irrigation zone. The average spacing is 0.665 meters, and the spacing is 32-35cm, 2800-3000 strains per mu.
2. Seedlings are transplanted and transplanted in the field. The planting method is generally adopted in the field. In the end of March, the power is used to open the ditch. The distance between the ditch is 1.35 meters, the ditch depth is 25cm, and the plant spacing is 32-35cm, and 2800-3000 plants per mu. After the ditching, the artificial fine furrows are flattened, and then the black-and-white color film is laid, ready for broadcast and sown before the ditching.
Third, the selection of varieties should use early maturing varieties with the late maturing varieties to early harvest period.
1, live in the field selection of late-maturing varieties: such as stone on the 9th, stone Fan 3 and so on.
2. Seedlings in transplanted fields are selected for early maturing varieties: such as Liyuan No. 8.
IV. Sowing period and broadcast volume
1. According to the local climate, the live field will be planted from late March to early April, with a depth of about 2.5cm, covering 0.5-1cm, 5-6 particles per hole, and 100 grams per acre.
2. Transplanting the seedlings in greenhouses: sowing in mid-March, 1-2 capsules per hole, and moving to Daejeon in late April, when the seedlings have 4-5 true leaves.
V. Field Management
1, timely sparse seedlings Ding seedlings live seedling field seedlings in two true leaves should be between the weak seedlings, 4-5 true leaves when the Dingmiao, a hole per plant, Dingmiao and then closed soil mulch, lack of seedlings in the emergency time-lapse seedling. When the first true leaf grows, the seedlings in the greenhouse are to be seeded. During the growth period of seedlings, the temperature and humidity should be controlled to cultivate strong seedlings. After moving into Daejeon, other management is the same as live broadcasting.
2, timely cultivator The first cultivator is generally in late April, the entire period of cultivating 3-4 times, cultivating depth of about 18cm.
3. In order to fertilize tomatoes in stages, the amount of fertilizer required is large, especially after entering reproductive growth. Therefore, this group changed the method of one-time fertilization in the trenching and plating in previous years. The phased fertilization method was used. The seedling stage mainly used nitrogen fertilizer to promote the growth of stems and leaves, and the demand for phosphorus and potassium fertilizers gradually increased with the growth of plants. Ditching with fertilization three material phosphorus 10 kg/mu, urea 15 kg/mu. Cultivated fertilizer, urea 10 kg/mu, DAP 10 kg/mu, compound fertilizer 10 kg/mu. During fruit enlargement, urea applied 8 kg/mu, diammonium phosphate 8 kg/mu, and compound fertilizer 10 kg/mu. After the first picking, combined with watering urea 8-10 kg / acre. The total fertilization amount is 80-90 kg/mu.
Drip irrigation field, fertilization 85 kg/mu. The film is planted with three fertilizers 15 kg/mu for fertilizer and 10 kg/mu urea, and the remaining fertilizer is applied in stages.
According to topdressing, the growth period combined with pest control, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate, tomato fertilizer 5-6 times, seedling 100 g / mu, in the late 150-200 g / mu.
4, watering planting tomato planting watering 6-8 times, in mid-May pouring the first water, watering the use of pressure hose cuff irrigation, to achieve a trickle irrigation, not string is not diffuse.
The drip irrigation field dribbling 18 times during the growth period, to achieve uniform dripping, keep the ground moist and no water.
5. Plants that feed the tomato into the furrows along its ridge and back to expose the furrows for watering. When harvesting operations are not allowed to flip, avoid breaking the stems or lateral branches. The operation is usually every afternoon or cloudy day. In order to avoid sunburn, the delivery time is usually the first time in the middle of June, and it is divided into 2 to 3 times.
6. Pest and disease control Seedling diseases mainly include blight and damping-off. Control methods: carbendazim 1:600 ​​times liquid, chlorothalonil 1:600 ​​times liquid, thiophanate-methyl 1:800 times liquid.
Diseases in the middle and late stages are mainly controlled: early blight, late blight, and umbilical rot.
Control methods:
A. Early blight: 70% mancozeb 1:500, liquid 1:600, and chlorothalonil 1:600.
B. Late blight: 75% mancozeb 1:500, chlorothalonil 1:600, and Dupont Xinwansheng 1:500 spray (alternate use).
C. Umbilical rot: More often due to physiological calcium deficiency, the soil is prone to dry and damp. Control methods In the initial stage of fruit setting, spray 7% superphosphate or 0.3% calcium chloride 7-10 times, spraying 2-3 times continuously to keep the soil moist.
7. Harvesting When the first ear is all red-seared, the second ear is 10% red-ripened, the nursery transplanting place matures earlier, and harvesting begins in mid-July, and harvesting is performed in batches in stages. In the process of harvesting, the field is prohibited from being turned over in the early stage so as not to damage the fruit and reduce the pests and diseases, and to protect the normal growth of plants and green fruit.

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