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The specific practice of general disinfection is: After the pig house and site have been thoroughly cleaned, pour and brush with 10%-20% lime milk (be careful not to spill it on the pig's body) or use 2%-4% caustic soda water. 5% - 20% bleach solution, bacteriocin enemy solution (with one can be) spray. After disinfection, close the doors and windows for 2-3 hours, then turn on the ventilation, and rinse the trough and the ground with clean water. All vehicle transport vehicles used by sick pigs should be sprayed with 5%-10% bleaching powder or 2%-4% caustic soda water, and rinsed with clean water after 2-3 hours. A disinfection pit or disinfecting pool shall be set up at the entrance of the pig farm and the pig house. Fresh lime powder may be placed in the disinfection pit and shall be replaced frequently; the disinfectant pool may be provided with a mat or sack sheet soaked with the above disinfectant solution so as to enter and exit the vehicle. Tire and human shoes are sterilized. The in vitro and in vivo parasites of regular deworming pigs are also a factor that endangers the pig industry and reduces pig-raising efficiency. It must be paid attention to and incorporated into the general pig-patterning operating procedures to periodically deworm. The porcine ectoparasites are mainly fleas and cockroaches. When infection is found, 1%-2% aqueous solution of dipterex, ivermectin or amitrazin solution (12 kg of amitraz EC in 10 kg water) should be used. Agent 40 ml) Spray or wash the affected part of the pig body, apply it once every 6-7 days. Swine gastrointestinal tract parasites are common locusts, whipworms, ginger flukes. Research data shows that the peak of infection distribution is mostly concentrated at 30-59 days, 60-119 days, and 120-179 days of age. Therefore, the optimal age of insecticides is 30 days, 60 days and 120 days. The commonly used drugs for repelling intestinal parasites are levamisole hydrochloride and albendazole. The effect of intramuscular injection or skin injection with 5% levamisole hydrochloride injection is the best. Oral effects of levamisole hydrochloride tablets and albendazole tablets are the next best. Dosage: Levamisole hydrochloride and 75 mg per kg body weight. Prothiocarb dissolved the pig's internal and external parasites with good results. Planned Immunization Planned immunization is organized and planned vaccination (vaccination) based on the law of the occurrence of animal diseases and the characteristics of the immune products (vaccines, bacterins, toxoids, etc.). Depending on the timing of immunization, it can be divided into vaccination and emergency vaccination. In order to achieve the goal of vaccination, it is necessary to investigate and understand the occurrence and prevalence of various infectious diseases in the local area, find out which infectious diseases have occurred frequently in the past, what seasons are popular, the scope of the epidemic, prevention and control, etc., in order to develop vaccination. Plans to determine the scope of vaccination, the type of disease to be prevented, which biological products to use, the time and frequency of immunization (immunization procedures), etc. The current prevention of pig diseases using vaccination are: swine fever, swine erysipelas, swine lung disease, swine streptococcus disease, piglet paratyphoid fever. In addition, there are corresponding biological products for prevention of foot-and-mouth disease, pig asthma, porcine parvovirus, porcine Japanese encephalitis, piglet jaundice, piglet whitefly, and pig infectious diarrhea. Vaccination precautions:
1. Various vaccination methods should be done according to the bottle sign and instructions. Bottles should be inspected before use. Note the expiration date, head (feather), diluent, and method of use. All of them should be broken, no vacuum, expired or deteriorated vaccines.
2, seedlings should pay attention to low-temperature preservation (put refrigerators, freezers), transport and carry the best ice bottles, to avoid heat and sunlight.
3, according to the bottle before the vaccine instructions, with normal saline (or cold water) or 20% aluminum glue diluted with saline. The diluted vaccine was used within 6 hours.
4. Vaccination syringes and needles must be boiled and disinfected beforehand. Vaccine needles should be fixed on the bottle to avoid contaminating the entire bottle of vaccine. Each injection of 1 pig or 1 bird should be replaced with a sterile needle, especially for emergency vaccination. This should be done in accordance with this requirement. In general, 1 household (or 1 column) of livestock and poultry should be replaced every injection. Sterilize the needle. The injection site should also be wiped with an alcohol swab.
5. When one or more livestock and poultry are injected with two or more vaccines at the same time, each vaccine should be injected separately and not mixed for one injection.
6. Within a few moments after the injection, very few pigs will only have an allergic reaction. The performance will be unsteady, suddenly fall to the ground, vomit, runny nose and so on. Should pay attention to observation and timely rescue. Rescue method can not be used 01% epinephrine, intramuscular injection of 1-3 ml, acupuncture in people, the sun, springs, drip, ear tip, tail and other acupuncture points.
7. Within 1-5 days after the vaccine is injected, it is necessary to strengthen the husbandry and management while paying attention to the vaccine response. Some mild reactions after seedling injection, such as food deprivation, etc., are normal and can be resumed without treatment. If the reaction is serious, such as a few days of elevated body temperature, intramuscular or Dazhui injection of fresh eggs can be about 10 ml.
High-efficiency feeding and management of commercial pigs
The use of improved varieties as a reference for improved varieties is one of the key technologies for raising the economic benefits of raising pigs. In scientific pig raising techniques, high-yield, lean pig breeds should be promoted, and local pig breeds should be protected and utilized to fully exploit the heterosis. High-yield lean-type pig breeds imported from abroad are commonly known as Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc, and they are mainly used as male parents to crossbreed with hybrid sows or local sows to produce commercial hogs. Local pig breeds generally have the advantages of resistance to roughage, strong stress resistance, good meat taste, high fecundity, and good motherhood. However, they have low lean meat and slow growth, and they are mainly used as maternally females for crossbreeding. In the breeding work of progeny, vigorous breeding should be vigorously promoted, selection and selection of seeds should be carried out, and advanced techniques such as artificial insemination should be widely used. Commercial pigs should generally breed hybrid offspring because of their rapid growth, good adaptability and resistance to disease. Strong, reproductive performance and other advantages. It is important to purchase piglets with severe weaning, healthy and lively feeding and eating. Large-scale pig farmers should adopt the method of self-cultivation and self-sustaining to solve the pigs, so that they can not only grasp the production initiative, control the quality of piglets, but also reduce the epidemic, and save a portion of the cost of buying piglets. There are many kinds of reasonable ingredients for feed. Commonly used types are cereals such as corn, rice, broken rice, fine rice bran, flour, sweet potato powder, etc.; bran bran, rice bran, etc. Feeding methods should be changed to mature feeds. Raw pigs eat raw food, save firewood, and save labor. Raw feeds do not destroy nutrients in the feed. The use of compound feed "one-stop" fattening method is characterized by not "hanging shelf." After weaning, the piglets are slaughtered and divided into two stages of feed: in the early stage (20-60 kilograms), the feed nutrient level is 30 megacalories per kilogram of dietary digestibility and 16% crude protein, and the corresponding amount is 28 megabytes in the later period (60-100 milliliters). Card and 14%. General farmers can make their own ingredients, use corn, rice, rice bran as a basic feed, add a certain proportion of commercially available concentrates. Reference formula for pig: Pre-A: 50% corn or rice flour, 20% glutinous rice cake, 10% wheat bran or rice bran, 20% concentrate; B late: 50% corn or rice flour, 2% glutinous rice cake, wheat bran or Rice bran 15%, concentrate 15%. If fully prepared, then: corn or rice flour 50% -60%, fine glutinous or wolfberry cake 20% -30%, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal each 5% -8%, lobster sauce 5% -6%, fish meal 2 %-4%, mineral additives 1%, salt 30%. When the actual ingredients, according to the actual situation can be adjusted to adjust the ratio of raw materials. The amount of green feed and compound feed are fed 1:1, and both are fed raw, with sufficient clean drinking water. Careful management of good pigs requires a set of scientific management methods. The male and female sows are individually cared for and the pigs have to be reared in groups according to their size. The pigs entered a new column and in the first few days they had to tune the pigs so that the pigs developed good habits of eating, sleeping, and urinating. Generally, three meals a day are good, and piglets should be fed a small number of meals. It is advisable to feed 5-6 meals a day. The amount of each feed should be based on the principle of being full without causing waste. Boars and empty sows should be given appropriate control of feeding, can not be too obese. The traditional method of feeding pigs has a few pounds of drowning water, and the amount of feeding is relatively large. However, there is less feeding of pigs with compound feeds. For example, boars and empty sows feed 2 kg (excluding drinking water) on a day, and piglets start for 1 day. After feeding two or more materials, it gradually increased. When the type of feed is changed, it must be gradually changed, and the already deteriorated feed cannot be used for feeding pigs, so as to avoid causing diarrhea and other diseases. To feed pigs with slush water collected from restaurants and restaurants, boiled water should be boiled first. Corrupted meat should not be fed to pigs to prevent the poisoning of Clostridium botulinum toxins. Pickled toothpick and other hard objects should be picked up to prevent them from being picked up. Pigs eat. It should also ensure that pigs have sufficient clean drinking water. Proper movement of pigs is necessary, especially for breeding pigs and piglets. It is best to have a certain amount of exercise and sun exposure. The cleaning and disinfecting pig barns must be cleaned and cleaned of feces every day, and can be processed by compost fermentation method, which can eliminate the pathogens in the feces and increase the fertilizer efficiency; or it can be used as fertilizer after being discharged into the septic tank for precipitation and disinfection. The environment around the barracks should also be regularly cleaned and cleaned up, weeds should be removed, insecticides should be removed, sewage should be drained, and paddy fields should be filled. The barn is regularly cleaned and heavily disinfected twice a month, including the disinfection of barns and utensils. After the pigs have been out of the pigs and before they re-enter the next batch of pigs, they must undergo a thorough cleaning and disinfection. In the outbreak season or threatened by the surrounding rural areas, it is even more important to conduct assault cleaning and drug disinfection. For farms with a certain scale, a strict health system for epidemic prevention should be established according to the actual conditions of the field, and regular sanitation work should be done. Commonly used disinfectants are lime, caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), bleaching powder, etc. In recent years, some manufacturers have produced some special livestock and poultry barracks, venues, transport vehicle disinfectant, such as bacterial enemy, etc., can be used according to the instructions.