Energy is the basis of national economic development and social activities. With the acceleration of the pace of building a well-to-do society in an all-round way, China has also put forward higher requirements for energy production and consumption. Renewable energy is an important energy for China to achieve sustainable development. Biogas power generation is the main mode of utilization of renewable energy. Reasonable and effective use of this new type of energy, and the level of technology and industrialization is the key.

1 Status of Biogas Power Generation Technology at Home and Abroad

Biogas technology, namely anaerobic digestion technology, is mainly used to treat livestock and poultry manure and high-concentration industrial organic wastewater. After decades of R&D and application in China, more than 2,000 large and medium-sized biogas projects have been built across the country; 10.6 million household biogas digesters have been used in the country, the number of which is the highest in the world. Whether it is the accumulation of anaerobic digestion technology or experience in construction, operation and management, the overall level has entered the international advanced ranks.

Biogas power generation has received extensive attention and active promotion in developed countries, such as the energy farms in the United States, the promulgation of the German Renewable Energy Promotion Law, the Sunshine Project in Japan, and the green energy in the Netherlands. Biomass power generation and grid-connected power in Western Europe such as Germany, Denmark, Austria, Finland, France, Sweden and other countries accounted for about 10 percent of the total energy, and has continued to increase.

The research and development of biogas power generation in China has a history of more than 20 years. In particular, during the Ninth and Tenth Five-Year Plan period, a group of research institutes, universities and enterprises successively engaged in the research of biogas power generation technology and the development of biogas power generation equipment. In this field, we have gradually established a strong team with strong scientific research capabilities and high levels, and established corresponding scientific research and production bases. We have accumulated more successful experiences and applied research on biogas power generation technology and biogas power generation. The quality of equipment laid the foundation for further steps.

Biogas power generation equipment, Germany, Denmark, Austria, the United States of the purely methane gas generating units are more advanced, gas consumption rate ≤ 0.5m3/kWh (gas heat value ≥ 25MJ/m3), the price of 300 ~ 500 US dollars / kWh. During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period and the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, China developed a series of products of 20 to 600kW pure-burning biogas generators with gas consumption rates of 0.6-0.8m3/kWh (biogas calorific value ≥ 21MJ/m3) and prices ranging from 200 to 300 US$. /kWh, its cost-effectiveness has a greater advantage, suitable for China's economic development.

2 Biogas power generation industry will become a sunrise industry

Biogas power generation is a systematic project, which includes optimization of a number of unit technologies such as biogas production, biogas purification and storage, biogas power generation and access to the Internet, as well as national support policies and technical regulations for biogas power generation. Analyzing the existing domestic biogas power generation projects, drawing on the experience of biogas generation in developed countries, and the country's policy orientation toward renewable energy, the author believes that the biogas power generation industry in China will make breakthrough progress in the coming years. The basis is:

(1) The introduction of relevant national policies will open up the bottleneck of green electricity access including biogas power generation.

When a country’s economic strength reaches a certain level, it will look more into the environment and will pay more attention to the issue of sustainable development. It will invest funds in this area and introduce relevant policies to ensure the realization of the sustainable development strategy. .

Take Germany as an example. After the war, Germany, after decades of economic recovery, has already had the ability to deal with sustainable development issues. In order to protect the environment, control global warming and promote the sustainable supply of energy, Germany established the "Transmission Law" in 1990 and the "Renewable Energy Law" in 2000. The “Transmission Act” stipulates that the public power grid adopts preferential purchase prices for the power generated by biogas power generation. This policy promotes the improvement of biogas power generation technology in Germany, and has led to the establishment of more than 700 biogas projects. The “Renewable Energy Law” has increased the purchase price of renewable energy for power generation to the Internet. For power stations with an installed capacity of 500 kW, the subsidies for electricity transferred to the power grid have increased by 37 compared with 1999.

The country is at a high level of sustainable development and it is not far behind the introduction of policies to promote green electricity access to the Internet. The research and development of renewable energy generation quota ratios, share standards, green certificates, and preferential policies for power generation and access to the Internet will create a trading platform conducive to the development of green electricity.

(2) Domestic production of biogas generators with better cost performance provides powerful equipment support for biogas power generation

The power specifications of mature domestically produced biogas generators are mainly concentrated in the section of 24 to 600 kW.

Judging from the gas production capacity of biogas projects, there are many biogas projects that are suitable for the construction of biogas generators with more than 500kW. Judging from the price of biogas generators, in the case of available power plants, the higher the stand-alone power, the more favorable it is to improve the fuel power generation efficiency and the lower the unit power cost of the power generation unit, so as to obtain an ideal cost performance.

Similarly, from the gas production capacity of the biogas project and the nature of the electricity load, there is a large market for generator sets below 20 kW. For example, a 10,000-yard pig farm biogas project with a daily output of 80m3 of biogas is obviously not suitable for power generation and is only suitable for internal power consumption. The general purpose of biogas power is to drive the biogas project sewage pump, pig farm ventilator and lighting, etc. Therefore, a generator set of about 10kW should be equipped. Similar to many biogas projects, it can be seen that the demand for low-power biogas generators is also large.

Given the broad prospects for the development of biogas power generation, several powerful domestic research institutes and large-scale enterprises have conducted strong cooperation and developed biogas generator sets with different specifications according to market demand. In terms of large units, Shengli Oilfield Shengli Power Machinery Group has fully developed a biogas generator set for a fully-burned biogas engine and has been successfully used in wastewater treatment, citric acid, and alcohol industries. It is worth mentioning that the new round of biogas generators developed in China is no longer a simple modification of the internal combustion engine in the past. The new generator set has narrowed the gap with the advanced foreign unit technical indicators in terms of performance. It can be said that the power generation equipment can provide strong support for the implementation of biogas power generation.

(3) Financial support and professional production will attract more investment entities

Large and medium-sized biogas projects are environmentally-friendly projects that benefit the entire society. In the allocation of investment, the principle of “whoever is polluting and who should govern” should be the main principle, supplemented by the principle of “who benefits and who share”, and the government, local governments, and enterprises should invest together. For the initial investment, the state will give certain support, such as: the state or industry will formulate a series of preferential policies, reduce engineering taxes and fees, reduce the burden on enterprises; to broaden the funding channels to help the builders get all kinds of loans; encourage the community We will invest in and develop biogas resource utilization projects in various forms, and use preferential policies to mobilize the enthusiasm of all investment entities.

In addition, with the joint investment of the state, local governments, and enterprises, we will give special support to some special equipment manufacturers (biogas production plants, biogas purification equipment, biogas generators, etc.) and carry out necessary technological transformations; expand production scale and increase product variety. And product quality; establish quality assurance system (after-sales service, personnel training, quality supervision and testing, etc.) and property management model.

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