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Under the increasingly tense world energy situation, all countries have made energy conservation a major national strategy. The State Council recently called on the people across the country to implement strict conservation and build a conservation-minded society. Each of our agricultural machinery workers should respond positively. Starting from self, starting from locomotives in Taiwan and Taiwan, we will widely promote energy-saving technologies for agricultural machinery to make them more accessible. Great results.
After summing up many years of experience in agricultural machinery management and promotion work, I believe that energy savings in agricultural machinery can be achieved through the following major approaches: the same model completes the same work items and workload, and the difference in fuel consumption can be as much as 15% due to the different levels of driver's operating and use technologies. ~20%. Please use the following ways:
1, diesel must be more than 48h precipitation before use, must be cleaned before refueling the dust around the fuel tank, and then open the fuel tank cap, try to use the hose so that the oil by its own weight into the fuel tank or hand oil pump refueling. The use of precipitated clean diesel fuel not only improves the operational reliability and economy of the engine parts, but also effectively prolongs the service life of the coupling parts.
2, regular maintenance of air filter. Especially in the case of dusty fields and poor working conditions, the maintenance cycle of locomotives should be shortened to keep them clean and unobstructed. Otherwise, the filter will be blocked, the air supply will be insufficient, and the mixture will become rich. As a result, diesel will not be fully burned. Increased unnecessary fuel consumption.
1 The air filter maintenance period is generally 100h, but the actual work depends on the dust in the air, the operating environment is poor, and the maintenance cycle is shortened accordingly.
2 When the wet filter is maintained, it is necessary to pay attention to the oil level. If it is insufficient, it must be added, but it must not exceed the oil level mark line. Otherwise, the oil will be sucked into the cylinder to burn, causing carbon deposition, and even causing accidents. When cleaning the metal filter, first wash in a metal detergent-containing water, then dry it, then soak the oil, and then install the oil after the excess oil has flowed off.
3 Carefully remove all dust and paper dust from the dry filter. Whether it is to remove the dust from the filter element, or to take care when disassembling and cleaning the filter element, do not touch the filter element. When any crack or perforation is found, it should be promptly replaced. Inspect the seals or gaskets for damage. All blind seams should be tightened to ensure sealing. Seal inspection should be done after maintenance. The inspection method is: Start the diesel engine to make it operate at a low speed and then remove the air filter cap to block the suction nozzle. At this time, the diesel engine should be turned off immediately. Otherwise it shows that there are leaks, should be carefully checked and ruled out.
3, to prevent fuel dripping. Regular fuel consumption testing of the engine was conducted to resolutely eliminate fuel leakage.
4. There is a drip or poor atomization in the fuel injector. If the fuel injection angle is too early or too late, diesel will not be fully burned and black smoke will be emitted. Therefore, it is necessary to make timely and correct adjustments.
5. The diesel leakage at the tank switch, tubing connector, diesel filter and high-pressure fuel pipe should be overhauled in time. Otherwise, when the locomotive is running, the leakage due to vibration will become more and more serious, resulting in unnecessary fuel consumption.
6. After the diesel engine has been used for a period of time, the power will drop due to the wear of the cylinder sleeve piston assembly, the air distribution mechanism, and the precision parts of the fuel system. Therefore, we must promptly repair and troubleshoot to restore its normal state of technology.
7. When cold-starting the tractor in winter, it should be noted that the warm-up time of the diesel engine should not be too long, and the idle speed and stability can be started; when the maximum torque of the diesel engine is reached, the gear can be knocked on in advance and the cylinder can be knocked off. Torque is wasted, and both of these conditions increase fuel consumption.
8. The fuel saving principle of selecting the gear during driving is not as high as low. As long as the speed of the diesel engine is suitable for the speed, it is necessary to hung in the high gear in time, and try to maintain the high gear at low speed while driving, which is beneficial to fuel economy. .
9, according to the diesel engine exhaust color to determine its technical status. When the diesel engine suddenly encounters a heavy load and increases the throttle, it often emits black smoke. Under the effect of the governor, the rotation speed tends to be steady, and black smoke disappears. This is a normal phenomenon. However, diesel engines continue to emit abnormal smoke during work, which is an abnormal phenomenon, indicating that the diesel engine has been sickly. Frequently occurring abnormal smoke phenomena include black smoke, blue smoke, and white smoke. When the engine is working normally, there is no obvious color in the exhaust. When the engine emits black smoke, it indicates that the diesel is not completely burned. When the exhaust is white, it indicates that cooling water enters the cylinder or part of the fuel is not burned when the engine is started at a low temperature; when the exhaust is blue It indicates that the organic oil enters the combustion chamber. Therefore, when the engine often smokes during work, it is necessary to identify the cause and take measures to solve it in time according to different situations. Otherwise, not only will the engine power drop, but also increase fuel consumption.
10, to ensure that the multi-cylinder engine work balance, can not "kick." Such as four-cylinder engine, assuming a cylinder is not working or not working, can increase fuel consumption by 10% to 20%. If the above failure occurs, it should be checked in a timely manner which factors are caused by lax valve sealing or poor atomization of the fuel injector.
11. Conventionally adjust the valve clearance. The valve clearance should be adjusted frequently. If the phase angle of the valve is reduced due to abrasion of the gear and camshaft, the valve clearance should be properly reduced (not less than 0.2mm) to compensate for the reduction of the valve phase angle. Severe wear of the camshaft should be promptly replaced. Otherwise, not only lack of power, but also increase fuel consumption.
12. It is better to return the brake, without dragging, otherwise it is sometimes in a half-braked state, which results in a high temperature of the brake hub, resulting in increased fuel consumption.
13, according to the season and the operating environment to determine the replacement of the oil cycle. The oil at the bottom of the oil should be added in accordance with the required standards and cannot be added excessively. Otherwise, it will cause the engine running resistance to increase and consume fuel.
14, to ensure that all parts of the bearing lubrication, in the assembly can not be too loose or too tight, to make it run freely.
15. Regularly check whether the tire pressure is standard. If the tire pressure is too low, it will cause the rolling resistance to increase, causing the locomotive traction load to increase. This will increase fuel consumption by 3% to 5%. If the tire pressure is too high, it will accelerate the wear of the tire.
16, the car does not overload, not empty run. Correctly select the involved load so that it does not overload, speed, or run. Otherwise it is a waste of fuel.
17. Locomotive speeding will increase forward resistance, air resistance, and will cause unnecessary fuel consumption, generally increasing fuel consumption by 5% to 15%.
18. Pull the equipment correctly. Adjust the fit clearance and traction angle of the traction machine correctly. The tractor should be unscrupulous and not stuck; the tire pressure should meet the standard, or else the oil should be consumed.
19. Adjust the clearance of each transmission section. Correctly adjust the coordination clearance of each transmission part of the locomotive to reduce the power consumption of the transmission part, thereby reducing fuel consumption and operating costs.
20. When the tractor is operating in the field, it is necessary to correctly choose the walking route. It is necessary to reduce the number of empty trips as far as possible. At the same time, it is also necessary to ensure that no re-cultivation or no-tillage occurs. According to different requirements of agronomy in the field, the ploughing and hauling of the plowing plough shall be horizontal and vertical. The installation method of the rotary ploughing plough shall be correct and the plough depth shall be the same.
In summary, during the use of agricultural machinery, in addition to the above technical aspects, it is even more important that governments at all levels should supervise the implementation with relevant rules and regulations and management measures. We have a lot of rules and regulations that we have now formulated, but there are very few regulations on the implementation of fuel conservation. Only with institutional constraints, with the social atmosphere of fuel conservation, the city's agricultural mechanization business will continue to advance, and building a conservation-minded society will not become empty talk.
Talking about the fuel-saving technology in the use of agricultural machinery
According to statistics from the Agricultural Census of Donggang City, there are 10,186 large-, medium-, and small-sized tractors, 884 four-wheel agricultural transport vehicles, 6,456 agricultural tricycles, and 555 heavy-duty trucks in the urban and rural areas of the city, with a total holding of 18,081. More than 80% of these locomotives have technical problems such as poor technical status, insufficient power, and excessive fuel consumption. It is difficult to achieve energy conservation and improve economic efficiency. The ability to change the technological status of the use of agricultural machinery is not only of great importance to better serving the industry and agriculture and building a conservation-oriented society, but also an important issue that our agricultural machinery management and technical personnel urgently need to solve in the use of agricultural machinery.