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Occurrence and Control of Peanut Mesh Spot Disease
Peanut net disease, also known as brown spot and spot disease, is a new type of disease that has become more serious in recent years. In 2000, serious problems occurred in the Huaxian County, causing large amounts of fallen leaves in the middle and late stages of peanut production, which reduced production by 20% to 40%. Symptoms: Net Spot disease usually starts from the flowering stage, and the onset period is from the end to the mature stage. It mainly damages the leaves and injure the petioles and stems. The leaves of the plant are the first to suffer, and the main veins grow round or irregular. Black-brown dots, surrounded by a clear circle of chlorosis, followed by reticular formations, irregular brown lesions, generally not through the foliage; in case of rainy weather, lesions are larger, envy may be mutual examples; Once the leaves are infected, they can easily fall off, and the leaves and stems are damaged. At the beginning, they are small brown spots. The year is extended to the edge of the water spots, and the central depressions and long bars form elliptical lesions. Pathogen and pathogenic conditions; The disease pathogen is peanut stem mildew, belonging to the semi-known fungus Mycophales spp., Phytophthora spp., Overwintering with conidiospores or hyphae on sick and disabled Spores produced by conidia spread by wind and rain and became the primary source of infection in the field. The conidia produced by the annual disease department were re-infected with wind and rain and irrigation. Incidence characteristics: According to the survey, the degree of disease occurrence and gingiva, cultivation methods, temperature and humidity are not sufficient, and the incidence of heavy industry is heavy: covered fields are more important than open fields; flat species are more important than ridge species; low dust areas and dense planting fields are issued Severe disease; high temperature, high humidity, and rain in the clams stage are conducive to disease epidemics; in August and September 2000, the average temperatures were 26.2 degrees and 21.1 degrees, respectively, and the rainfall amounts to 96.9 mm and 164.4 mm, respectively, which were the same rainfall in 1999. 1.6 times, 1 time; rainy days reached 16 days and 8 days respectively, and the speech made the peanut net spot disease seriously. Control methods: 1. Plant variety Luhua No. 4 and Luhua No. 10 Luhua No. 11 with good disease resistance. 2. Rotate crops such as corn, soybeans and sweet potatoes for more than two years. 3. Strengthen field management, increase basal and phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizer, reasonably watering, timely cultivating, increase plant disease resistance, remove diseased bodies in harvest year, envy deep plowing, and reduce bacteria source. 4, pharmaceutical control. Before peanut seedlings, use 25% enzymatic WP or 80% WP or 80% DTM WP 400 times to kill the bacteria on the soil surface. Lu Tian started with 25% enzymatic WP. 1000-1500 times, or 80% WP or 70% mancozeb WP 500 times spray, spray every 7-10 days, even spray 2-3 times, the control effect is significant.