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Domestic and foreign market characteristics of potato species
The U.S. arborescens black sweet potato, which is a short-stalked black sweet potato of purple sweet potato, was bred by the U.S. Space Breeding Center. Due to its colorful, high-yield, nutrient-rich, and good taste, the FAO of the United Nations has recommended planting to the world. . This potato breaks the low yield of black potatoes and is not adapted to the pattern of planting. It is the 21st century's main fresh-growing sweet potato varieties. The U.S. is ultra-short, dark and miscellaneous. The potato block is spindle-shaped and has a variety of colors such as purple-black, bright red and purple-red. The color of the potato is purple-black and silver-white, some are equally distributed, and some are distributed like maps. The same distribution, purple and silver-white clear, structured, cut the noodles to give people a fresh feeling. The taste is delicate, sweet and smooth, with rich aroma. This potato has strong sprouting, many branches, stout and strong, up to 1m long, not prosperous, half upright, the top leaflet is purplish red, and the roots, stems, stalks and leaves are all dark green. It is heart-shaped, with evenly concentrated tubers, 4-6 single plants, single potato weight 300-500 g, and the largest single potato 2000 g, fully absorbing Yuza 13's high-yield performance, compared with the control of US black potato and Chuanshan purple respectively. Increased production of 25%-75%, its nutrient content, lysine, manganese, potassium, zinc and other trace elements and anti-cancer substances iodine, selenium than the United States black sweet potato, color, smell, taste, shape are currently the most ideal Healthy Food. Cultivation techniques: suitable for cultivation in well-drained plots, fear of waterlogging, 180-210 days for the whole growth period, 15.5-30°C for tuber expansion, 3,000 kg for 667 m2, and 34% dry rate per 667 3500-4000 square meters of spring planting, summer 4500 planted potato, fertilization mainly organic fertilizer, suitable for the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. High-quality and high-yielding tree species - sweet potato trees and sweet potatoes are perennial shrubs that originate from South America and have been cultivated by the American Space Breeding Center. It is rich in nutrients, has good taste, high yield, strong resistance, wide adaptability, drought tolerance, resistance to waterlogging, fear of waterlogging, can only tolerate low temperature of -12°C, total growth period is 180-220 days, total accumulated temperature is 3600-4600. °C, tuber enlargement temperature is 16.5-28 °C, 45-50 kilograms per plant in that year, generally 7500 kilograms in 667 square meters, where the frost-free period can be planted in more than 180 days, its starch content is 31.2%, drying rate is close to 50 %. Like the common sweet potatoes, sweet potato trees can be used either for growing seedlings or cutting seedlings. They can also be planted directly in fields. First, the last year's species (1-3 cm in diameter) is cut into every 3 axillary buds (about 15 cm). Small segments, each segment is a species of seedlings, planting seedlings need to do ground observation, ground water, weeding soil. If there is a lack of seedlings and broken ridges, the shoots should be planted with fresh shoots in time, and the planting methods can be ridged or flat. Rigging should not exceed 20 cm and cover the mulch. When planting, it is necessary to break the membrane first to open the hole, then place the seedlings to be watered and dry and the buried soil can be compacted. The planting density is maintained at 667 square meters for planting 600-800 strains, the applied fertilizer for farmland is 3-5 cubic meters, and the other nitrogen fertilizer is 15 kg. Phosphorus 10 kilograms, potassium 25 kilograms, sweet potato trees consume large amounts of trace elements in the soil, the second year should be promptly added 50 kilograms of ferrous sulfate or other trace fertilizer, so as to avoid the occurrence of deficiency syndrome. Atomic Energy High-Starch Sweet Potatoes This variety is made from the hybrids of female parent Yushu 12 and Mianfen No. 1 and Xiangfenfen No. 4. Introduced by Hunan Agricultural Bioinformatics Department. Characteristics: The potato plants are semi-vertical and short-grained, up to 70-100 cm. The top leaves are purplish red. The veins and leaves are purple at the base. The leaves, stems, stems and stalks are all green. The leaves are medium in size and have a deep leaf shape. Incomplete carved, branch 5-10, potato block spindle, oval, purple potato skin, silver white potato, potato concentrated, neat, 3-6 single plant potato; average potato weight 250-500g , The maximum 1500g, budding, summer dry matter rate of 34.7%, containing more than 28% of starch, the higher the rate of Chunshu, protamine 4.66%, crude fiber 1.17%, sugar content of 8.78%. This potato is raw and crispy, hard and sweet, and it is particularly suitable for steaming and deep-frying. It produces various kinds of sweet potato flowers and fruit steamed hot and is soft, sweet and soft. It is not only the current health food, but also the ideal variety of the processing industry. It adapts to the public and is especially suitable for hotel consumption. It is currently the potato species with the greatest development potential. Yield performance: Through comparison with Yuba 12 on the local, the number of tubers increased obviously and tidyly, and the yield increased by 23% or more. They were particularly adapted to decompose farmyard manure, and the soft soil was planted at a density of 4500-5000 plants per 667 square meters. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, the output are more than 5,000 kg, avoid or use less nitrogen fertilizer. This potato is short vine, thick, semi-upright, bogey, suitable for planting everywhere, and should not be cultivated in compacted soil.