The technology of directly returning vegetable straw to the field is a new type of ecological and environmental protection agricultural technology. It is a new type of farming mode adapted to social development and the needs of the times. It has ecological environmental benefits, social decompression benefits, and economic growth benefits.

First, social benefits

Vegetable stalks returning to farmer to liberate farmers from heavy labor, saving many aspects such as pulling trees, pulling rakes, and transporting; raising the awareness of environmental protection and health of vegetable farmers, will put an end to the disorderly dispersal of straw, and make the straw resource and fertilizer. Use social consensus formation.

Second, ecological benefits

The in-situ fertilization of greenhouse vegetable stalks is an ecological and environmental-friendly new type of agricultural technology, which can turn waste stalks from vegetables into waste. Avoid the pollution caused by straw burning, protect air resources and reduce carbon emissions; solve problems such as the accumulation of stalks in greenhouses, and obstruct traffic jams in rivers; and in-situ fertilization of greenhouses with vegetable straws solves the problem of heavy soil barriers in greenhouses; greenhouse vegetable straws To restore the soil to the field, increase the organic matter of the soil, improve the ability of the soil to retain water and fertility, and restore soil health.

Greenhouse vegetable straw returning can enhance soil biological activity, greatly reduce the use of pesticides and various fertilizers, improve the flavor quality of agricultural products, and increase crop yields.

III. Economic Benefits 1. Save man-hours labor: The cost of removing and cleaning up and transporting an acre of vegetable straw in a greenhouse is about 500 to 700 yuan. The cost of using a dedicated vegetable straw returning mill to dispose of an acre of straw is 150 yuan, which can save 350-550 yuan per mu.

2. Saving fertilizer input: After the vegetable straw is returned to the field and transformed into organic fertilizer through the fermentation of the biological bacteria, the input amount of various fertilizers can be greatly reduced. Can reduce 1/3 to 1/2 manure usage about 15 to 20 square meters.

After the vegetable stalks are returned to the field and fermented by the biological bacteria, the use amount of commercial biological bacterial fertilizer can be reduced, and the expenditure is reduced by about 600 yuan.

3. Save on pesticides: After greenhouse vegetable straws returning bio-fermentation, the disease resistance of the crops will be enhanced, the plant diseases and insect pests will be significantly reduced, and the amount of pesticides used will be greatly reduced, reducing the pesticide expenditure by approximately 800 yuan.

From the above discussion, it can be seen that the technology of returning vegetable straws can save about 4,000 yuan per mu of greenhouses.

4. Use of straw to return the vegetables to increase production: After the greenhouse vegetable straw is returned to the field, it is rapidly transformed into bio-organic fertilizer after thorough fermentation and decomposition. The organic nutrients in the straw can be absorbed by the crop healthily, and the yield is increased by more than 20%.

Fourth, straw returned to the soil to repair

1. Increase soil organic matter, improve soil pellet structure, maintain water and fertilizer, and reduce the use of various fertilizers.

2. Solve the problems of soil acidification and salinization, increase the buffer capacity of the soil, and suppress the damage of root knot nematodes.

3. Eliminating the problems of soil remediation, improving crop resistance, and reducing the use of dead vegetables and pesticides.

4. Passivation and elimination of soil pollution and restoration of soil health.

5. Increase the number of soil beneficial organisms, enhance soil biological activity, promote the rapid decomposition and transformation of nutrients, and gradually restore the soil ecology.

6. Optimize soil tillage layer and improve soil cultivability.

Fifth, the operation flow of straw in field

According to the seasonal nature of greenhouse vegetable production, it can be divided into high temperature periods and non-high temperature periods.

(I) Treatment of Straw Return to Field in High Temperature Period

1. During the season when the vegetables are being pulled, the tall stalks and vine vegetables are unloaded and the vegetable truss ropes or scaffolds are removed and properly crushed and removed to remove the plastic film covering the ground surface (if it is a pure biodegradable sling and pure The biodegradable plastic film can be peeled off and removed, and can be crushed in the soil together with the vegetable straw vines. The leafy vegetables and the landless vegetables are directly prepared for the second step.

2. Using a special straw smashing machine to smash the vegetable vines in the greenhouse.

3. Spread the spare organic fertilizer evenly on the crushed straw.

4. The special compound microbial inoculant is applied to the crushed straw and manure, tilled with a rotary tiller and evenly mixed (without manure, 10 kg of urea can be applied per mu).

5. Level land, fill enough water, and close all the vents in the greenhouse for high temperature fermentation for 15-30 days.

6. When the surface of the shed is sporadic and dry, it is necessary to carry out the second irrigation or cover the mulch on the first irrigation.

7. After the end of fermentation, ventilate and ventilate, do the ridge cultivation and grow vegetables.

The special microbial agent will rapidly ferment, decompose, and transform the organic fertilizer and straw in the soil. The heat generated and the heat energy provided by the sun under the confined conditions of the greenhouse will enable the soil to warm up quickly, create a high temperature and humidity environment, and enable the space inside the greenhouse. The temperature reaches 70-80 degrees, and the soil temperature in the shed reaches 45-60 degrees. The high temperatures in the shed can kill the diseases, insects and many germinating weeds in the space, walls, brackets, plastic films and other objects in the shed. This technology can strongly inhibit root-knot nematodes.

(II) Treatment methods for returning straw to non-heat season

In the other seasons outside the hot season, carry out the vegetable straw returning to the field, kill it with good killing effect of the aerosol or horseradish, and then return the vegetable straw to the field according to the following steps:

After 1 to 3 days, the greenhouses were ventilated and ventilated; then the plastic film was removed and the slings were undone; the working channels of the tractors were dug to perform the straw crushing work; then the organic fertilizers were thoroughly cooked and applied to the high content of special biological agents; Cultivate the soil, make soil preparations, and plant vegetables.

Sixth, greenhouse vegetable straw returning technology combined with high temperature can be a few steps to kill pests and weeds

1. Pre-killing: After the harvesting of vegetables is finished and the garden is closed, the closed greenhouses are treated with highly efficient insecticidal aerosols for the preliminary killing of pests and diseases before straw returning, which can kill some of the pests and diseases.

2. High-temperature killing: The temperature of the greenhouse can be raised to 70°C～80°C. It can kill 10cm of surface and pests in the greenhouse. Most of the germinating weeds are killed by high temperatures.

3. High-temperature killing: Straw and manure require a large amount of water to increase the humidity needed during fermentation during fermentation, and most of the eggs cannot hatch due to high humidity.

4. Killing of biological bacteria secretions: The biological bacteria that are released will release enzymes, antibiotics, and other substances secreted during the work. These secretions have the effect of killing bacteria and insects, and will continue to be sterilized during the return of straw to the field and subsequent periods. Insecticide.

To sum up, no matter whether it is in the high-temperature environment in summer or the low-temperature environment in winter, the problem of outbreak of pests and diseases caused by farmers' friends is almost non-existent.

Seventh, this technology has also been applied to open-air crop straw return after slight modification

Precautions: Bio-organisms are living living organisms. It is forbidden to use any fungicides, disinfectants, soil fumigants and other substances together with biological bacteria when returning straw.

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