Citrus planting is an effective way to adjust the rural industrial structure and increase farmers' income. In spring, the dormancy period of citrus fruit is over, the roots begin to move, the spring buds germinate, and flower buds appear. At the same time, as the temperature rises, pests and diseases will also occur in succession. Therefore, the management of the manure and water and the pest control of citrus in the spring are very important. of.

I. Management of fertilizer and water in citrus in spring

1. Management of fertilizer and water of citrus saplings Planted young saplings in the fall of last year, and fertilization should follow the principle of “eat less food”. I-year-old saplings are mainly foliar sprays, supplemented by ground fertilization. The concentration of fertilization on the surface should be dilute. The use of fertilizers should be dominated by nitrogen fertilizers, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be used appropriately. Foliar fertilizer can use amino acid rare earth fertilizer 1000 ~ 1200 times, or 0.3% urea or Chinese Fertilizer King 350-400 times liquid, etc., to promote root growth, so that young trees can grow new shoots. For young trees, the orange garden soil should be turned slightly in early February to loosen the soil and enhance soil permeability. Before the spring shoot is sprouted, apply a tip fertilizer (mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, supplemented by phosphate fertilizer) to promote spring shoot germination and root growth. When applying nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention to the dosage, and the amount of each plant is not more than 25 grams. Apply phosphorus and potash fertilizers and other fertilizers to achieve balanced fertilization. Since young trees have a small range of root growth and weak fertility, the amount of fertilization should adopt a small number of multiple application methods, diligently apply thin application, and the method of application can be applied by the fertilization method of the annular groove, and do not implement spreading.

2. Fertilizer and water management of adult trees Before adult flowering, a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and various trace elements are needed to ensure sufficient growth of flowers and young fruits. Therefore, the result is that nitrogen is the main fertilizer for tree buds. Appropriate mix of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. If the amount of results in the previous year is less, the tree growth can be less or less. If there are many results in the previous year, if the fruit is not applied or the tree is not applied, the fertilizer before the bud must be applied. In general, in late January, 0.2 kg of urea and 0.2-0.3 kg of compound fertilizer should be applied to each adult citrus tree. At the same time as spraying boron fertilizer at full bloom, 0.3% urea solution was added for foliar spray. In order to allow citrus to absorb enough nutrients and increase the fruit setting rate at the flowering stage, the pre-flowering fertilizer should be carried out 20 days before the flowering period. The method of application should be applied in the form of striped gutters. Do not apply the fertilizer after spreading. Timely irrigation.

3. Fertility management of old trees The characteristics of old trees are mainly spring shoots. The amount of pre-fertilizer should be increased, and the spring shoots should be used as the basis for the next year's results. Fertilizer is also dominated by nitrogen fertilizers, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

4. Clear the internal and external drains in the orchard to eliminate water accumulation, so as to avoid the accumulation of water in rainy days, affecting the growth of roots and even rot, causing flowering and fruit falling. For more than 10 consecutive days of drought-prone hot weather, it is necessary to timely fill the soil to keep the soil moist and loose, which will benefit the root group. Water suction fertilizer.

Second, citrus spring pruning

The principle of pruning: Pruning should be based on the strength of the tree's vigor, how much the amount of results and the amount of flowers, to grasp the amount of pruning and pruning period. If the tree potential is strong, the amount of results is normal, and the amount of flowers is too large, the amount of pruning should be appropriately increased. The pruning time can be appropriately advanced, and the result of last year is high, the tree vigor is weaker, and the orange tree with less flowers is used. The amount of pruning should be light, and the time for pruning can be postponed as appropriate.

Pruning objects: On the basis of winter pruning, spring pruning of autumn shoots and late autumn shoots should be the main task to grasp. That is, all late autumn shoots are cut off, and appropriate thinning or short cuts are used to promote and improve the quality of flower buds. At the same time, attention should be paid to the deletion or short-cut treatment of branching groups (branches), cross-branches, and overlapping branches. In addition, orange trees with excessive canopy should be cut through the method of sawing large branches to reduce the canopy, improve the lighting conditions inside the canopy, promote the extraction of new shoots inside the canopy, and gradually form a three-dimensional pattern.

Pruning measures and methods:

1. Jujube young trees control the spring shoots and remove buds and young fruit.

2. In early February, the adult trees are cleared and the dead trees are cut off, the branches of the pests and diseases, the branches of the deciduous branches, the weak branches, the cross branches, and the overlapping branches are cut short, so that the sparse flowers, the recombination branches and the inner hall are well ventilated. The purpose of light. For closed orchards, "open skylights" should be used, that is, to remove the large branches, cross branches, or overlapping branches in the center of part of the crown, so that each tree in the park can be airy and light-transmitting. Too many buds of trees once again sparsely sapless flowering branches and excessive flowering mother branches to reduce the consumption of tree buds and young fruit on the nutrient.

Third, citrus flower protection and fruit protection technology

Apply Xiehua fertilizer and strong fruit fertilizer to increase fruit setting rate. For a citrus tree with a large tree deviation with a large amount of flowers, a high-quality, readily available fertilizer is applied at a rate of 70%, depending on the size of the tree crown. Generally, 0.3 to 0.4 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per plant: normal or less for normal flowering. The trees are not applied with nitrogenous fertilizers, and the organic fertilizers and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are used for the fertilizers to suppress summer shoots so as to protect the fruits. Steady fruit fertilizer and potassium fertilizer plus appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer or foliar fertilizer; Strong fruit fertilizer should be applied compound fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. For the top dressing, the second 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate shall be sprayed after the sprouting of the spring to before flowering, and the nucleotides shall be sprayed on rainy days, in which 0.1% borax shall be added at a time; the young fruit shall be combined with pest control or fruit protection. Spray 2 to 3 times foliar fertilizer, the first foliar fertilizer was added 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.1% zinc sulfate or 400 times the Chinese fertilizer king or Fubang nutrient liquid fertilizer.

Fourth, timely prevention and control of pests and diseases

We must focus on prevention and control of major pests, flower buds and fleas caused by falling flowers and falling quality. The size of mung bean in citrus buds was chosen to spray the ground under the canopy on the day after the rain to kill the adult buds of the outbreak. When the buds began to appear white, the canopy was sprayed with dichlorvos to kill the adult spawning buds. The control of red spiders should be based on the condition of the insects. Before the sprouts of spring spiders are sprayed with lime sulfur, they must be sprayed with lime sulfur. When the young leaves turn green after germination, if the red spiders are seriously used Kekeite and other killing agents spray once.

Benchtop Multi-parameter Aanalyzer

Multi-Parameter Analyzer,Water Quality Analyzer,Portable Multi-Parameter Analyzer,Versatile Multi-Parameter Analyzer

INESA Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd , https://www.inesarex.com