The core tip: March in the spring, the greenhouse recovers. At this time, with the gradual increase in temperature, greenhouse management has also entered an important period. As we all know, greenhouse crops grow under the protection of greenhouse films and rely more on "soil fertilizer and water". A good soil environment, adequate nutrition supply, and suitable moisture for nourishment All are important guarantees for the healthy growth of greenhouse crops. Regarding the management of "soil, fertilizer, and water" in the greenhouse, many people know its importance, but there are still places that are not in place in actual operation. In this issue, I will talk with you about the "fertilizer, water, and water" in combination with the production needs in the shed.

Soil strictly control acid and alkali to prevent soil "discoloration"

Many growers say that "soil" is problematic in the greenhouse planting process, and even some new sheds are planted for 2 to 3 years or even 1 year, and moss and red moss appear on the soil. In fact, soil acidification will cause soil pH to drop, soil salinization will increase soil salinity in greenhouses, and soil eutrophication is suitable for some algae to survive. When the soil surface is dry, algae die, red algae residues appear, etc. These phenomena are the key to causing soil problems in greenhouses. In order to reduce and change the redness and greenness of the soil surface, the following measures should be generally adopted:

1. The selected improver does not increase soil nutrients (mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and nutrients), and can adjust the soil acid-base balance.

2. Organic materials are mostly used. Through the chelation of organic materials, the mobility of soil salt isolates is increased, the concentration of soil salt isolates is reduced, and the discoloration of the soil surface is solved from the source.

3. It is recommended that farmers use drip irrigation in the greenhouses of farmers. When using diffuse irrigation, we must pay attention to the permeability of the soil, reduce soil water vaporization, deepen the soil, and break the bottom of the plow.

4. The base fertilizer must be combined with the application of organic fertilizer, preferably biological organic fertilizer or bacterial fertilizer. Must be clear about the raw materials for organic fertilizers, such as animal and plant carcass organic fertilizers, manure organic fertilizers, and straw waste organic fertilizers. Although other organic fertilizers have high organic matter determinations, they only improve the organic matter at the time of measurement. Lignite organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer with furfural slag as raw material. This is stable carbon and cannot play a role in soil improvement.

Fertilizer-controlled nitrogen and donors focus on "organic"

Spring greenhouse crops have different requirements for chemical fertilizers, and different vegetable fertilization methods are different. When fertilizing, we must first determine the characteristics of the soil and then fertilize, so that the nutrients required for vegetables can be reasonably determined.

Controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be based on the amount of fertilizer required by different vegetables, generally 10-12 kilograms of pure nitrogen per mu is appropriate; nitrogen fertilizer should be applied deeply, and combined with phosphorus, potassium fertilizer or three The compound fertilizer should be covered in time after application. It is best to use chemical fertilizer intubation or combined drip irrigation under the film to reduce the loss and improve the utilization rate. Stop applying 20 days before harvest.

Implementation of formula fertilization According to the characteristics of different vegetables and the status of soil fertilization, determine the appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements and the corresponding fertilization technology. The maximum demand periods of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for greenhouse vegetables are: 75 to 140 days after cucumber planting, 30 to 52 days for tomatoes, and 30 to 60 days for sweet peppers. Although other vegetables require minimal amounts of trace elements, they are indispensable. Use micro-fertilizer foliar spraying, and the dosage should be good.

Application of ecological organic fertilizer The content of organic matter in ecological organic fertilizer can reach 45%, which can play a role in fixing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and can decompose pesticides and chemical fertilizer residues. Fermentation and maturity can take 5 to 6 days in spring, summer and autumn, and it takes 7 to 10 days to mature in winter. Generally, the pile will be heated for 1 ~ 3 days, and the temperature inside the pile will rise to 80 ℃, which can kill E. coli and worm eggs, eliminate the odor of chicken dung, and then the compost will become loose, dry and covered with white hyphae. Kind of wine koji.

Seeing the heavens and the earth combined with "actual"

Proper watering of greenhouse vegetables is an important measure to increase yield. Watering vegetables in the greenhouse depends on the sky, the ground, and the actual situation, so as to ensure the high yield of vegetables in the greenhouse.

First, the watering should not be too large. At low temperatures, the water demand should be reduced accordingly. The watering amount should be small. The interval can be appropriately longer. Avoid flooding with large water to prevent low temperature and high humidity from causing rooting of vegetables.

Second, the time should be appropriate. Spring shed vegetable watering should be arranged around noon, after 10 am and before 3 pm. At this time, the shed temperature is high and the side effects after watering are minimal. Try to avoid early morning and evening watering. In order to prevent frost damage to vegetables.

Third, according to the weather conditions, appropriate watering on sunny days, less or no watering on cloudy days, avoid watering on rainy days, and ensure normal room temperature in the greenhouse.

Fourth, the watering should be focused. The soil water evaporation in the southern part of the greenhouse is large, and the watering amount can be appropriately large; the temperature on the east and west sides of the greenhouse is relatively low, and the sunshine time is short; the watering amount should be appropriately less.

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