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The cultivation techniques of potato in coastal autumn and winter
Sandy loam soils in the coastal frost-free areas were selected to grow potatoes in autumn and winter. The product has a smooth appearance, superficial buds, and excellent quality. From April to April, it will be listed on the market to fill the off-season vegetable season, and commodity prices will be high. In recent years, Changle and Pingtan in our city have achieved significant growth in large-scale planting and income increase. The main points of cultivation techniques are summarized as follows: 1. Preparation for sowing 1. Selection of land. Choose coastal non-frozen areas all year round, should not be selected before the solanaceous crops (such as eggplant, tobacco, pepper, etc.) or root crops for the rotation, but before the election as cereals, beans and other crops. Planted land is good for sandy soil with fertile soil and convenient irrigation and drainage. 2, site preparation. Potatoes are deeply ploughed and require deep soil and loose soil. Deep plowing should be carried out as early as possible after the harvest. The plowing depth should be 6 inches or more. It requires a fine soil preparation, a width of 0.9 meters, a height of 0.2 meters, and a ditch width of 0.2 meters. 3, Shizu base fertilizer. The amount of basal fertilizer is 30 mu for the composted pig manure, which is applied to the field one month before the next seeding type; 50 to 100 kg of the compound fertilizer is applied in combination with the whole hoe to the field or in the rake to dig the ditch and applied to the soil. Second, the selection of improved varieties, seed potato treatment 1, optional use of new 3 and purple 851 and other high-yield virus-free varieties (fertility period of about 130 days). 2, seed processing. The third-generation virus-free seed potato purchased in Heilongjiang was cut into 30 grams in length depending on the size of the seed potato, and each potato block had 1-2 shoots. Third, sowing l, timely sowing. Sowing dates range from mid-October to early December and are harvested from early March to the end of the Qingming period. 2, rational close planting. The general density is 3000-4000 holes/mu sowing per acre with a spacing of 0.3 meters and a hole distance of 0.35 meters. Each type of two lines, each hole, acres with about 250-280 pounds. 3, sowing depth. Dry and soiled plots can be sown deeper, usually 10-15 cm. The wet and soil-heavy plots should be sown shallow, preferably 10 cm. After sowing, it is best to use 500 kg of fire earth to cover species. Unconditional places can be covered with fine soil. 4, weeding. Seedlings were applied evenly with butachlor 5-7 days after sowing. Fourth, field management 1, cultivator soil. For the first time, Miao grass should be cultivated in a timely manner after Miao Qi. The second cultivator can be carried out at a height of about 10 cm. The third time in the budding stage, soil is mixed with earth and the diseased plants in the field are removed. 2, timely fertilizer. Seedlings, seedlings, and cultivators are combined for the first time in the seedling stage, with 10 kg of compound fertilizer in the middle of mussels, covered with water, and 500 times the concentration of zinc and phosphorus plus 0.5% urea to prevent underground pests. . About 30 days after emergence, about 10 kilograms of mu were topdressed again, after which it was determined whether or not to catch up with the growth of seedlings. 3, timely watering. Seedlings should be properly watered according to the situation to ensure that the soil is moist. From the buds to the flowering stage, the peak period of potato water needs to be combined with topdressing to pour water. Mushi compound fertilizer 10 kilograms is used to promote the expansion of tubers. 4, pest control. Potatoes are prone to occur and spread late blight and virus diseases, so we must strengthen prevention and prevention. After the seedlings are sprayed with Tiandi Copper Pesticide to prevent epidemics, they are sprayed at 1500 times every 7-10 days in the middle and late stages of growth to increase crop resistance, and spray 25% of Rhizoctonia WP. 800 times liquid or agricultural streptomycin 1500 times or 500 times a solution of honey cream, and even spray 2-3 times, once found locusts should be timely with kung-fu or imidacloprid and other pesticides control. Plants with virus-infected mosaics, leaf curls, dwarfing, etc. should be removed promptly.