In these two days, the whistling cold wind from Siberia swept the north and south of China from north to south, freezing through the country, and it became necessary to improve the insulation of the shed. It is recommended that the vegetable farmers insulate the greenhouse from the following five aspects.

Rear wall and rear roof insulation

First of all, pay attention to wall insulation, especially exterior wall insulation. At present, the minimum standard for wall thickness in greenhouses is the largest frozen layer in the area plus 50 cm.

Second, the back wall is maintained in multiple layers. This is easily overlooked by the farmers. Most vegetable farmers believe that the wall behind the greenhouse is thick and firm, and it is wrong to use it without maintenance. Because the back wall of the greenhouse is on the back side, there is less light. After snowing, the snow melts slowly. The melted snow water seeps into the back wall of the greenhouse, which will affect the stability of the back wall and reduce the temperature of the shed. Therefore, it is recommended to cover the back wall with waste plastic film and non-woven fabric, so that winter can not only prevent snow water, but also greatly improve the insulation effect of the back wall.

Secondly, the insulation of the roof behind the greenhouse is also crucial. It is recommended that the roof of the greenhouse, which has been in disrepair for a long time, be refurbished. In addition to replacing the part of the insulation material, it is wrapped with a plastic film, which is insulated, windproof, and protected from rain and snow. The effect is good.

In the shed and the shed surface insulation method

First of all, the shed surface should be covered with multiple layers of insulation. In the event of rain, snow or cold currents, it must be covered in a double layer in the greenhouse or covered with a layer of plastic film in front of the greenhouse. By using grasshopper + quilt plus film, the indoor temperature on sunny night can be increased by 1 °C ~ 2 °C compared with no film, and 2 °C ~ 4 °C in rainy and snowy days. Some experienced farmers are shed in the shed or in the vegetable rows.

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Secondly, the anti-light curtain is suspended. Because the increase in indoor temperature is mainly dependent on sunlight, the increase in the incident amount of solar light will significantly increase the temperature inside the shed. Therefore, in addition to the use of no drip film, correct adjustment of building orientation, reduction of shading of building materials, and frequent cleaning of the shed film In addition, the use of a reflective screen can increase the indoor temperature by 1 °C ~ 2 °C. In management, winter and spring production should be about 1 hour after sunrise on a sunny day, and the cover should be opened in time to see the light. Even on cloudy or cold weather, cover such as grasshoppers should be properly uncovered to gain light and improve room temperature. After the rain and snow turn fine, attention should be paid to vegetable slow seedlings, and the grass curtains and leaf top dressings should be pulled at intervals to reduce leaf transpiration and prevent plant wilting.

In addition, qualified vegetable farmers can also discharge heaters in the shed to increase the temperature inside the shed. In addition, there are vegetable farmers who set up heating bulbs in the shed, which can also play a role in warming up.

Front face insulation

In the low temperature season, there are many problems in front of the greenhouse. Due to the "┓" type structure of the front face, the water droplets on the front surface of the shed film drip on the front face, causing excessive humidity; the roller blind machine frequently climbs down from here to cause wear on the shed film, and a large number of damaged holes appear, causing the front face to be ventilated. , heat preservation is reduced. Therefore, in the low temperature season in winter and spring, the growth of the front face vegetables is generally poor, and it often becomes a hidden source of disease and a source of transmission.

Therefore, to improve the airtightness of the front of the greenhouse, it is recommended to start from the following aspects.

First of all, the front of the shed is dug with a "cold-proof ditch" to reduce heat loss, especially for the growth of vegetables in front of the shed.

Secondly, the front face skeleton should be installed flat, and all the front face and the skeleton should be soft-packed. It is ensured that the flatness of the front face skeleton can be achieved by welding the angle iron on the front face steel pipe, and the skeleton is tidy by the neat angle iron to clamp the top end of the skeleton. The front pillar, the steel pipe and the top of the skeleton should be wrapped with soft materials such as old clothes and waste fabrics to prevent the front face from being hard and smashed under the squeezing of the shed cover.

Again, the protective curtain is placed on the outside of the front face. There are usually two types of protective curtains, one is old straw and the other is non-woven. However, the use of non-woven fabrics as a protective curtain is better. The installation method is as follows: firstly, the width of the non-woven fabric is determined, the upper end generally exceeds about 20 cm of the front face corner, and the bottom reaches the ground and leaves the remaining 20 cm. Then put a wire on the top side of the non-woven fabric, fasten one end and the other end is detachable. Pull up to protect the front face when using it, and drop it to the ground when not in use.

In addition, in order to improve the protective effect, a layer of film may be placed on the corner of the front face where the wear is greatest, or a temperature-proof film may be installed inside the front face to block the cold air entering from the breakage.

East-West gable insulation

The protection of the gables on both sides of the greenhouse is generally covered with plastic film to prevent rain from scouring and destroying the wall. Secondly, it can block the wind from penetrating the wall and facilitate the insulation of the greenhouse. However, when the vegetable growers are working on the sheds to release grass, wind and other agricultural operations, it is easy to break the film on the mountain wall. After the film has a loophole, not only will the insulation effect be affected, but the rain will also wash the wall along the hole, causing damage and affecting the service life of the gable.

In this case, it is recommended to cover the film on the shed gable with a layer of non-woven fabric. This way, not only can the film be directly stepped on when the upper and lower sheds are taken, but also the winter wind can be protected, and the greenhouse can be insulated. The heart is practical. It should be noted that this layer of non-woven fabric must be fixed and can be compacted with a waste cement column to prevent it from being blown up by strong winds.

Shed insulation

The entrances of the sheds in different areas are different, some are located at the front face, some are located at the back of the gable, and some are located at the back wall. The shed is located at the front face. It is recommended to cover a bed of grass shovel or insulation quilt on the outside of the door to reduce heat dissipation. If the shed is on the back side of the gable, the insulation curtain can be placed on both sides of the passage; On the back wall, it is best to build a shed house that can be used as a storage room and avoid cold wind blowing into the shed.

Link: Key points of vegetable management in the greenhouse after cold wave

Avoid drastic changes in temperature and light, gradually increase the light, increase the temperature of the shed, and avoid excessive changes in the environment. After the cold wave, the weather is clear, the light is strong, the temperature rises fast, and the plant has not recovered. If the temperature rises too fast, it will only increase the damage of vegetables. It is necessary to gradually increase the light and increase the temperature to ensure the gradual recovery of the leaf function. If the vegetable farmer is chilling or freezing, the temperature is raised immediately after the sunny day, causing the temperature in the shed to be too high, and the change before and after is too severe. After the damage of the mesophyll tissue, there is no time to recover. Instead, it is affected by the high temperature, the damage is further aggravated, and the symptoms such as dry leaves appear.

After strengthening the fertilizer and water management plants, do not immediately water and topdress, or 3-4 days after the weather turns better, apply suspended calcium, nutrient, etc., with high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer to promote root regeneration. In addition, attention should be paid to foliar top dressing, which can spray 1000 times of suspended calcium, 500 times of alginic acid and 200 times of white sugar immediately after being damaged. It can immediately supplement leaf nutrition and promote leaf function recovery.

Timely prevention and control of pests and diseases After the cold damage, the disease resistance of vegetables is reduced, and it is easy to cause disease prevalence, such as gray mold, root rot, etc., should pay attention to timely disease prevention. Fungi, etc., mainly through airborne diseases, can be sterilized with air to reduce the spread of germs. If the disease has already occurred, spray it in advance and do not wait until the disease breaks out.

After preventing the phytotoxicity from turning cloudy, the shed vegetables should not immediately spray chemical pesticides that are prone to phytotoxicity. The leaves of vegetables are not even photosynthesis due to prolonged photosynthesis in cloudy days, resulting in thinning of the leaves, yellow and tender, weak fibrous tissue, and poor drug resistance. At this time, spraying is easy to cause damage to vegetables. Therefore, even after the cloudy weather suddenly clears, be careful and don't rush to spray. It is best to spray the medicine in the weather for 1-2 days. At this time, the vegetables have adapted to the environmental changes, and the resistance to stress is strengthened. There is another remedy.

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