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Southern Mountain Aquile Culture Rainbow Trout Technology
First, culture conditions 1. The choice of water source is based on the habits of rainbow trout and the selection of mountain water with good ecological environment and high surrounding forest coverage (up to 80%). Requires a large amount of water, the water quality meets the fishery water standards, the water temperature is low, and the maximum water temperature in summer does not exceed 24°C. 2. Reservoir construction The water quality of mountain streams is vulnerable to rain, resulting in turbidity and bacterial infections. Therefore, it is important to build reservoirs, and water purification equipment can be installed where conditions permit. Dams are generally intercepted at water intakes, and are then diverted from the bottom of the dam to a storage tank using a PV tube with a diameter of 160 mm, and used as aquaculture water after sedimentation in the reservoir. 3. The aquaculture ponds are constructed using the flow-through pool intensive cultivation method for the breeding process from fingerlings to adult fish. The fish pond is rectangular concrete pool and concrete structure. The fingerling pool is built at the upstream of the stream, and the adult fish pond is built at the downstream of the stream. The fish pond area is 30-100m2, the water depth is 0.3-0.5m, the adult fish pond area is 50-200m2, and the water depth is 0.5-0.8m. The ratio of length to width of the fish pond (3 - 5): 1 is more appropriate. There is a slope of 3% - 5% from the front of the pond to the back to facilitate drainage and clearing. Generally, parallel pools are built, and there must be a drop in the serial pools to achieve the purpose of falling water and increasing oxygen. 2-3 rows are more appropriate, and too many tandem-prone diseases are transmitted. 4 The drainage system is set at the opposite ends of the fish pond and each pool is set independently. Into the drainage system. The inlet of fish ponds is about 0.5 meters wide and the outlet is 0.6 meters wide. The inlet of fish ponds is about 0.8 meters wide and the outlet is 1.0 meters wide. The water inlet is set with a 60-mesh sieve to filter aquaculture water. The drain outlet is generally provided with two layers. The first layer is a barrage. The size of the mesh depends on the size of the cultured rainbow trout, which does not affect the flow of water and does not escape the fish. Second Layers are gates that control the water level. The tail of the fish pond is provided with a "V" shaped sewage drain or a long strip of sewage drain. Under the buried PV pipes, the sewage is discharged outside the pool. 5. Shade nets are installed because the temperature of the mountain water is vulnerable to climate change, especially in summer when the temperature of the water increases with the sun exposure. Therefore, it is particularly important to set the shade net in the hot season. Second, seed stocking 1. Before the fish pond is treated, the chlorine dioxide 0.5g/m3 is used to disinfect the fish pond before stocking. The newly-built fishpond should be soaked with oxalic acid or acetic acid for 7-10 days before removing alkali before use. 2. Seed stocking is introduced from Beijing to Hong Kong, and the eye eggs are raised to 3-5 cm in the city's cold-water seed breeding base, and transported to the farms by oxygen-filled bags or rods. Fish species need to adjust the temperature difference in the pool before 2-5 °C, before the pool with potassium permanganate (8 ~ 10 mg / liter) or formalin (25X10-') soak disinfection for 15-20 minutes, kill The pathogens and parasites carried on fish. 3. Stocking density Rainbow trout stocking is generally carried out in two stages. The fish breeding period (specification is 3-5 cm/tail), stocking 500 fish/m2; intensive cultivation to 50 g or more to enter the rearing period of adult fish, stocking 50 to 80 tails / Meter 2. The growth of rainbow trout should also be considered during the breeding period, and pooling should be conducted in a timely manner to sparse density. Third, feeding and management 1. Feed feeds are available from ingredients or fed compound feeds. The feeds are mainly animal feedstuffs, mainly including fishmeal, meat and bone meal, yeast, and animal viscera, accounting for 50% to 70%; vegetal feedstuffs include soybean meal, corn flour, and wheat flour, accounting for 30% to 50%, and a small amount added. For multivitamins, minerals, fish oil, etc., the proportion of animal raw materials during the cultivation of fish species is appropriately higher, and the animal raw materials for adult fish breeding period are appropriately lower. The compound feed is mainly fed with a special rainbow trout feed. Promptly add 1% of antibiotics, 2% of salt, and trace amounts of potassium iodide (0.02 g/kg feed) to non-cobalt chloride (0.06 g/kg feed). July-September in the feed mix licorice, Banlangen and other herbal juices, is conducive to crossing the summer. The feed is made buoyant, easy to observe, and does not easily pollute the water. The amount of feedstuffs for breeding fishes accounts for 3% to 5% of the rainbow trout's body weight, and it feeds 3 to 6 times a day. Adults feed 2% to 3% of the fish's body weight and feed 2-3 times a day. Specific should also be based on fish body physique, water temperature, weather and other conditions to be flexible, every 7 to 10 days according to the situation of rainbow trout weight adjustment feed adjustment. In general, feeding in the front of the fish pond, grasping the principle of being slow and fast one time while feeding, observe closely at the same time, so that rainbow trout can reach 80% satiety. 2. Water Quality Management 1 Keep the water flow constant and unobstructed. The water level during the cultivation of the fish species is 30-50 cm, the flow rate is 2-4 PCT/s, the flow rate is 2 to 3 times per hour of exchange pool water, and the water level of adult fish is 50-80 cm. The flow rate is 6 ~ 10 cm / s, flow to exchange 5 to 6 times per hour is appropriate o2 Qin brush barrage, sewage once a day, every 7 to 10 days thoroughly clearing the pool once. 3 Hawthorn aquaculture Rainbow trout must particularly strengthen the management of the rainy season to avoid the entry of drowning water, especially the rainbow trout is more sensitive to drowning at the seedling stage and can easily cause dead fish. Close the water source in time, set up aeration equipment, or put an iron screen between the water surface of the fish pond and the water injection port, and place a sponge on the iron screen to purify the water. In summer, hot spring water is affected by temperature. At 2-3 pm in sunny afternoon, the water temperature often rises above 25°C. At this time, it is necessary to increase the amount of water exchange, use shade nets, and conditional groundwater cooling can be used to ensure the smooth transition of rainbow trout. 3. The timely screening of rainbow trout rearing for 1 month should be carried out in a timely manner, maintaining the same pool specifications, enhancing the feeding rate of rainbow trout, and improving feed utilization. To stop eating for half a day before sieving, the operation must be carried out with water to prevent mechanical damage from infecting fish diseases. 4. Day-to-day management With the growth of rainbow trout, the screening screens or iron gauze should be replaced at the appropriate time so that the mesh size can be adapted to the rainbow trout specifications, and damages and leaks should be promptly replaced to prevent the rainbow trout from escaping. Take a patrol once a day in the morning, evening and midnight. Observe the rainbow trout activity, record the temperature of the pool water, and find that the rainbow trout feed or activities are abnormal. Check the fish body promptly to treat the disease as soon as possible; find the dead fish and remove it immediately.