Significant progress in the rapid transmission of peripheral infection signals to the central nervous system

Significant progress in the rapid transmission of peripheral infection signals to the central nervous system

November 29, 2018 Source: Ministry of Science and Technology

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Mutual regulation of the nervous system, immune system, and circulatory system is critical in the disease caused by infection. Systemic inflammation that is not effectively controlled can lead to central nervous system diseases such as encephalitis, meningitis, and convulsions. Neuroinflammation in the neonatal period has also been reported to be associated with the development of diseases such as stunting, epilepsy, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. Previous studies on neuroinflammation focused on late inflammatory responses, including activation of glial cells in the brain, invasion of brain cells by white blood cells, and the effects of cytokines secreted by these cells. Due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier, the above mechanism has not been initiated in the early stages of infection, so the brain's first sensory and response mechanism to inflammation has not been elucidated.

Under the support of the national key research and development program “Protein machinery and life process regulation”, the project “The role of vesicle protein machinery in neurodevelopment” has made a breakthrough. The team of researchers from the Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yu Xiang, found in the system. In the early stage of sexual infection, PDGFRβ cells in the brain of mice rapidly sense the infection signal in the circulatory system, and enhance the excitatory synaptic transmission and discharge frequency of neurons in multiple brain regions by releasing the inflammatory factor CCL2.

This study reveals for the first time that PDGFRβ cells act as rapid responders to external infections in the brain, can rapidly perceive peripheral infections and inflammation, and transmit this signal to the brain parenchyma, further regulating neuronal excitability, revealing the nervous system, immunity A new mechanism by which the system works in concert with the circulatory system to fight inflammation. As the cell type in the brain that first senses and responds to systemic inflammation, PDGFRβ cells are potential new targets for the treatment of central nervous system infections. Because of their location at the specific interface of the brain parenchyma and circulatory system, drugs targeting PDGFRβ cells It has the natural advantage of not needing to cross the blood-brain barrier and has great application potential. Related results were recently published in the internationally renowned journal Neuron Neuron.

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