Now it is the rainy spring, many friends in the southern region have not seen the sun for more than half a month, so in this rainy spring, how do farmers friends manage the crops in the field? Today, we mainly come to learn about the misunderstanding and countermeasures of garlic spring management.

First, misunderstanding

(1) When watering in the spring is not suitable

In the early spring, the gas gradually warmed up, the temperature rose, the seedlings began to root and germinate, and the scale buds began to differentiate. Some garlic farmers have the habit of managing early and going out to work as soon as possible. Regardless of the grievances, seedlings and temperature of garlic, they are watered and fertilized around the first lunar month of the lunar calendar. Therefore, the temperature is low, the temperature is unstable, and watering is too early. It affects the early onset of garlic and is easy to cause disease and secondary growth.

(2) Unreasonable fertilization in spring

Due to the variety, miscellaneous and chaotic fertilizers on the market, especially the counterfeit and inferior fertilizers have been repeatedly banned, garlic farmers often blindly purchase fertilizer, and when deceived, it happens. In addition, the fertilization in spring is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, and the fertilizer content is single, which leads to the phenomenon that garlic grows long and garlic is high, the pseudo stem is thin, the convulsion is difficult, the garlic is small, and the lodging is seriously unbalanced. In the fertilization method, some garlic farmers often use watering or artificial spraying before the rain. A large amount of granular fertilizer is scattered in the upper part of the mulch and the center of the garlic pseudo-stalk, causing fat damage, induced premature aging, low absorption rate and serious waste.

(3) Prevention of disease and pest control is not scientific

1. The types of diseases are unclear and the use of drugs is unscientific. Leaf blight and soft rot are the two main diseases that damage garlic. The peak of the disease is from late April to mid-May. The symptoms of the two diseases are mainly caused by the formation of water stains on the leaves of soft rot. Strips of yellow and white, with a sticky touch by hand, but not with leaf blight.

Due to the lack of understanding of the two disease symptoms and the occurrence time of garlic in garlic farmers, the different drugs for controlling fungal leaf blight and preventing bacterial soft rot are often used wrongly, and the physiological yellow leaf symptoms of garlic are regarded as two diseases. Indiscriminate use of drugs, missed the best period of prevention and treatment.

2. Pest control methods and time are not scientific.

The pests that occur in the garlic of Jixian County are mainly mantle, which is harmful to garlic and garlic, causing the loose head and affecting the commerciality. When controlling the mantle, some sprinkling garlic fields in the ground, some garlic farmers flooded with large water, using high-toxic pesticides banned by the state, posing a safety hazard to the pollution-free production of garlic.

(4) The picking time and method are incorrect

First, when the garlic farmers pick the oysters, they start picking the oysters in the morning after the garlic is exposed in the morning. At this time, the garlic stalks are delicate and easy to break, and the commodity is poor. Second, in order to increase the amount of picking, the garlic farmers often pick up too late, and the garlic consumes too much nutrients, which affects the expansion of the garlic, and the garlic is aging, the fiber is increased, and the taste of the food is poor.

In the method of picking, some garlic farmers often use sharp needles to break the pseudo stems of garlic, which damages the normal growth of garlic. The photosynthesis is affected, leading to premature aging of garlic.

Second, the countermeasures

(1) Pouring spring water at the right time

The first watering time in spring should be controlled at a daily average temperature of around 12 °C (the eastern part of Henan is generally in the middle and late March). At this time, the flower buds and buds of the mulch are beginning to differentiate, which is also an important period for the garlic to require water. . The second watering time should be carried out 5 to 7 days before the pumping.

(2) Rational fertilization

The purchase of fertilizer by garlic farmers should be carried out under the guidance of agricultural technicians. According to the fertilizer requirement of garlic, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer should be controlled, and potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer should be added. At the same time, the fertilization method is changed, the fertilizer is dissolved in a certain container, and the water is washed into the garlic field, and the garlic is grown by the penetration of the fertilizer solution.

The period and amount of fertilization should be carried out in accordance with the fertilizer requirement of garlic. During the different growth stages of garlic, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium and trace elements is different. In the greening period, the topdressing fertilizer is mainly based on appropriate nitrogen fertilizer. After entering April, the stems and leaves enter a large number of growing seasons, and the compound fertilizer with higher nitrogen content should be applied. At the end of April and early May, garlic enters the growth stage of garlic, and vegetative growth and reproductive growth go hand in hand. It is a key period for the formation of yield. At this time, the topdressing should be based on phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer to promote the expansion of garlic. In the spring fertilization management of garlic, different fertilization time, different content of fertilizer and scientific fertilization method should be adopted according to this feature.

The greening period is mainly based on spraying plant growth regulators and foliar fertilizers. Each 667 m 2 with potassium dihydrogen phosphate 200g plus urea 100g plus garlic growth regulator 30mL, 15kg of water, evenly sprayed, 10d interval, even spray 2 times, to promote the early growth of strong seedlings. When the average daily temperature is stable at around 12 °C, 10 kg of urea and 2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are applied per 667 m 2 with watering. For the old garlic area that has been used for many years, 5 kg of humic acid and 15 kg of calcium sulfate per 667 m2 can effectively prevent and cure premature aging. 5~7 days before convulsion, 10~15 kg of high-potassium organic compound fertilizer can be applied per 667m2 with watering.

(3) Scientific disease prevention

1. Control garlic leaf blight. 50% methyl thiophanate WP 500 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil WP 500 times solution, spray 40~50 kg per 667 m 2, spray once every 7 days, depending on the condition and weather conditions Spray 2~3 times. [吉山花瑶]

2. Control garlic bacterial soft rot. 10 million units of agricultural streptomycin-soluble powder 4000 times solution per 667m2, or 10 million units of neomycin-containing 4000~5000 times solution per 667 m 2 , spray evenly every 7~10 days According to the condition, spray 2~3 times.

(4) Scientific pest control

It is recommended that garlic farmers use 50% dichlorvos or 50% phoxim 1000 times in the middle of April to kill adult worms. When the garlic is spotted, remove the sprayer nozzle with 90% trichlorfon 800 times solution or 48% risper lotion 1500 times solution or 50% phoxim 800 times solution, and inject the liquid into the garlic root soil. In the middle and late stages of garlic growth, 48% chlorpyrifos EC 500mL or 50% phoxim EC 2000mL per 667m2 was applied to the root of garlic with water.

(5) Harvesting at the right time

The best time for harvesting should be in the case where the garlic sheath is pulled out of the sheath and the flower shaft is slightly bent. In the harvest time, it is generally carried out at noon and afternoon on a sunny day. At this time, the leaf sheath and the garlic stalk are easily separated and are not easily broken. It is forbidden to pick in rainy days, because the garlic is fully absorbent, the garlic and the leaves are poorly tough and easy to break. The harvesting method is to pinch the soft lower part of the soft stem with the left hand, and the right hand slowly pushes the garlic stalk to minimize the influence of the picking operation on the growth and development of the garlic.

For the wonderful pictures and hot comments on the main points of spring garlic cultivation, you may be interested in the following recommended contents. Welcome to read.

Hammer Mill Grinder

Shandong Longze Mechanical Equipment Co.,Ltd , https://www.pelletmachinefactory.com