Magnolia cultivation techniques
Magnolia denudata is also known as Mulan, Magnolia, Magnoliaceae, Magnolia. It is a famous ornamental plant and traditional flower in China. The tree is beautiful and beautiful. It is a rare garden in early spring and has a long history of cultivation. (A) Morphological characteristics and species of deciduous trees. Flowering branches. Leaves alternate, obovate, short and pointed. The flowers are large, the single branches are topped, the white is scented, and the pieces are similar to the petals. Each three pieces are arranged in a round and bell-shaped. The fruit is round, red to reddish-brown, and the fruit breaks after ripening. The seeds have a bright red fleshy outer seed coat. There are more than 30 species of plants belonging to the same genus in China, all of which are beautiful flower-seeking trees. Common cultivations are: M. iii 0ora, M. grandiflora, M. amoena, and Baohua Magnolia. M.zenii), M.sieboldii, M.soulangeana, etc. (b) Ecological habits Magnolia is native to the provinces of central China. Sex hi warm and moist environment. It is very sensitive to temperature, and the flowering period between south and north can be 4 to 5 months long. Even in the same area, the flowering period varies greatly from morning to evening. It has a certain resistance to low temperatures and can safely overwinter in a 20C condition. Magnolia is a fleshy root, so it is not resistant to stagnant water, low-lying land and areas with high groundwater levels are unsuitable for planting, water in the rhizosphere is easy to fall into leaves, or the root suffocates to death. After the root system of the meat is damaged, the healing period is longer, so the soil ball should be carried as much as possible during transplantation. It is best to grow in acidic, well-drained areas rich in humus, and slightly alkaline earth. (3) Propagation methods Magnolia, Magnolia, and other magnolia species are commonly used for sowing, grafting, cutting, and tissue culture. 1. Seeding must master the maturity of the seed, when it turns red and cracked when it is harvested, early harvest does not germinate, late mining easy to fall off. After being harvested, the fruit with red outer seed coat was soaked in cold water and soaked. After the seed coat was removed from the skin, the seeds were removed and dried, and the sand was layered. The seed was sown in the following year from March to March. Seedling height up to 30 cm or so. To cultivate large seedlings transplanted in the next spring, appropriate cut roots, re-basal fertilizer, control density, 3 to 5 years can be cultivated a complete canopy, thin flower buds, plant height more than 3 meters of qualified seedlings. After planting for 2 to 3 years, you can enter the flowering period. This type of seedling has a strong growth potential and strong adaptability. Its effect is no less than that of grafted seedlings. 2. For grafting of common rootstocks, magnolia plants such as magnolia, magnolia, and magnolia are used. The methods include cutting, splicing, abdominal connection, bud grafting, etc. The survival rate of splicing is high, and the growth is rapid. Grafting in late autumn is more secure than grafting survival in early spring. 3. Cuttage This is the main breeding method of purple magnolia. Cutting time has a great influence on the survival rate. Generally, it can be carried out from May to June. The survival rate of cuttings with young trees is the highest. Soaking the base with 50ppm naphthaleneacetic acid for 6 hours can increase the rooting rate. 4. Batten is a traditional method of reproduction and is suitable for the preservation and development of famous varieties. Purple magnolia is the best method to use this method, choose good growth plants, take crude 0.5 cm ~ l cm l ~ 2 years old branches for the pressure layer, if branched, can be pressed on the branches. Beading time 2 to 3 months. After rooting in the pressure, the longer the connection with the mother plant, the more developed the root system and the higher the survival rate. 2 to 3 years after planting, it will bloom. 5. Tissue Culture In recent years, tissue culture methods have been used to use buds of two arboretum as explants and successfully cultivated in test tubes. This method has particular advantages in the preservation and development of new types of cultivating those buds and hybrids. Significance (IV) Cultivation Techniques 1. Seedlings and Transplanting Seedlings are transplanted and seedlings need to be properly shaded in the summer and l-2 years after they are unearthed, and should be kept cold in the north after entering winter. With soil ball, digging large holes, deep fertilization, proper deep planting can inhibit sprouting and growth, and the transplanting time should be before germination, or just before flowering and before leaf spreading. 2. Fertilization In addition to basal fertilizer, acidic soil should be suitable Phosphate fertilizer is applied more and more.The topdressing before and after flowering is particularly important, the former promotes the blooming of flowers, the latter is beneficial to the bud, and the topdressing period is in late February and May.3.Moisture management Summer is the growing season of magnolia, high temperature and drought Not only does it affect vegetative growth, it can also lead to atrophy and shedding of flower buds, affecting flowering in the coming year, so irrigation should be paid attention to, especially in key areas, and the soil should be kept moist. Before and after flowering and before budding, the sick branches, over-close branches, redundant branches, side-by-side branches and branches must be cut, and the sprouts should be removed at any time. Generally not cut, long branches cut short to 12 cm to 15 cm, cut mouth should be smooth, slightly tilted, clipping distance from the bud should be less than 5 mm.Because the Yulan's limb healing ability is poor, so in addition to very necessary, many No pruning 5. Disease and pest control Should prevent the emergence of soil blight, root rot and earthworms and other underground pests at the seedling stage, stems are affected by Tian Long and must prevent red spiders at the height of summer.