China is a big country in agriculture, and rice is the main food crop in China. Mechanized rice cultivation is an important part of modernizing agriculture. Rice mechanized planting includes machine transplanting, live broadcasting, machine throwing and so on. In order to operate and use the rice transplanter correctly, we first understand and understand the names and functions of each part of the rice transplanter.

First, the main structure and principle of hand transplanter

The hand transplanter is mainly composed of an engine control system, a driving operation system, a planting system, an oil pressure system, and a walking system.

Its working principle is as follows:

The operation of the planting arm drives the picking work, removes the seedling from the seedling plate, and then uses the pusher to insert the seedling into the ground so that the transplanting can be completed.

Second, hand-pulling transplanter installation and start

In order to be able to use the rice transplanter correctly in order to achieve stable production and high yield, it is necessary to correctly grasp the operation and use of the rice transplanter. First you need to open the random box and verify the accessories according to the list of parts inside. Among them, the middle benchmark and the preparation of the seedling tray are required for your own installation. Below, we will introduce you to the installation method.

The first thing to do is to find the center bar, which can be fixed directly to the front of the machine. Then begin to assemble the preparatory seedlings. The first step: the spring is assembled on the guide rod in the correct direction. Afterwards, the guide rod is fixed on the seedling tray bracket; the second step is to fix the front roller of the seedling tray frame, and then when loosening the seedling tray frame to the transplanter, loosen the bracket fixing plate on the guide rod and put the two The rear roller is mounted on a bracket guide. Next, the seedling tray is placed on the holder guide, the holder fixing plate is fixed, and the last two front rollers are installed. In this way, the seedling trays are assembled, and after doing a good job, do not forget to use your hands to check if the assembly is in place. Your machine is now a complete machine.

Let's take a look at how to operate this transplanter. Before starting the machine, check whether the engine oil and fuel are sufficient. If there is not enough, we must make up. Then open the fuel tank cap, add the appropriate amount of pure gasoline, there must be no open flame when refueling, put the fuel switch in the open position.

You are now ready to start the rice transplanter. Place the shift lever in neutral and start the switch to the operating position. If it is night, place it in the lighting position. Then gently pull out the throttle handle. The main clutch and the rice transplanter clutch are moved to the "off" position and the oil pressure handle is in the "down" position. And adjust the throttle handle to the inside 1/2. Then, pull the recoil starter, start the engine and push the damper back. Raise the machine, set the shift lever to the walking or planting gear, slowly connect the main clutch, and the machine can walk. When walking in Daejeon, in order to prevent bumps, you can put the gearshift lever in the plug and slowly transfer the machine.

Third, the operating method

1. Preparation

When the conditions of the plots or the conditions of the seedlings do not match the transplanting operations, the quality of the work will be reduced. Therefore, firstly, it is required that the plot be relatively flat, with a depth of 13-15 cm.

The optimum depth of water is about 20 cm. If the water is too deep, it will be washed out when it is transplanted. If the water is too shallow or there is no water, the claws may bring back the seedlings. The plots are ready. Let's see what kind of seedlings are best for transplanting.

Seedlings require uniform sowing. The height of the seedlings generally requires 12-18 cm, the seedlings grow to 3 leaves, and the seedlings can be transplanted with at least 3.5 leaves. At the same time, it is required that the packing is relatively tight and not easy to loose, and the thickness of the soil layer is about 2.5 cm. At the same time, seedlings should not be too watery, and suitable seedlings will have water stains when they are hand-smashed under the earth. Basically, the soil moisture content is between 30% and 40%. When taking seedlings, seedlings must be used so as not to harm the seedlings.

When you enter the plot, you have to enter from one corner of the plot. It is best to leave the width of the two machines to facilitate turning. The hydraulic handle should be placed in the "down" position and the machine lowered. The following will be installed seedlings.

2, operation method

Before installing the seedlings, the shift lever should be placed in the neutral position, the oil pressure handle should be set to drop, the engine should be started, the main clutch and the planting clutch should be connected so that the seedling box can be moved to the left or right of the guide rail, and the seedlings can be pulled out after the flameout. board. Use seedlings to load seedlings. The seedlings should be mounted on the leading edge of the guide rails, with no gaps or pressure on the guide rails. A few plates of seedlings can be placed on the pre-seedlings for easy supply. If the block is too dry, sprinkle it with a little water to make it moist, making it easier for the block to slip.

After the seedlings are installed, the machine is started, the shift handle is set to the insertion position, and the plug-in clutch is connected, and then the seedling box starts to move. Special attention should be paid to the fact that the transplanter is provided with a marker and a side aligner, which is set to keep the line spacing consistent. There are two side-to-side positioners, one with a row spacing of 33 cm and one with a length of 30 cm, which can be moved to a suitable location according to the requirements of the job. We are planting indica rice here, generally 30 cm. Unfold the marker and, at the same time, align the adjacent side of the seedlings or bales. Finally, the main clutch is slowly connected to start the insertion.

When the machine is working for the first time, you can try to insert a distance and check whether the seedling transplanting depth and the amount of seedlings meet the requirements. Here, the amount of seedlings taken is generally in accordance with 3-5 strains per hole of indica rice (subscript-hybrid rice 1-2 strains per hole). The seedlings were inserted at a depth of 2.6 cm and the spacing between the plants was 12 cm (subtitles - 20 cm in hybrid rice plants), and the row spacing was fixed at 30 cm.

When working in the field, the transplanting procedure should be considered to minimize the area for manual transplanting. According to the size and shape of the transplanting operation field, it is necessary to plan the route of the operation before the operation, and then effectively complete the transplanting operation. Whether it is a quadrangular field or a shaped field, it is best to leave the two corners of the machine at four corners for easy turning. Finally, just make sure that each row in the field is full of rice.

If the seedlings are not inserted straight, you can hold the handle at any time to move the machine left and right for the purpose. (Subtitles - can not hold the clutch, otherwise it will make the machine turn.) When transplanting, the operator must take a catwalk, can not walk legs apart, otherwise it will lead to machine imbalance, affecting the transplanting effect. The throttle handle can be gradually increased to increase the speed of the job.

If you need to turn, lower the engine's speed, cut the plug clutch handle, retract the marker, and hold the side clutch turning in the direction of rotation. Note: The width of one machine should be left before turning. After the rotation is completed, connect the handle of the insertion clutch, open the marker, and continue the operation. (Subtitles - if the marker is not visible

Direct side-by-side adapter

The seedlings on the seedling box are limited, and the seedlings must be supplied before the seedlings reach the seedlings supply position. The following describes how to supply seedlings. Place both the main clutch and the plug-in clutch in the cut-off position, and pull the pre-seedling holder to the body and adjust it to a position convenient for replenishment. Put the seedlings slowly into the seedling box. Note that the seedlings must be aligned with the remaining seedlings. There must be no gaps, and they must not be overlapped. After the seedlings are supplied, the prepared seedling support is pushed back. Continue working. Basically, 18 sprouts per acre are needed.

When the remaining seedlings of the seedling box are cleared after the rice transplanting operation is completed, the pressure seedlings are fixed upward and then the seedlings are removed.

Fourth, hand-held transplanter adjustment

When the rice transplanter is working, how to ensure the quantity of seedlings, plant spacing, and planting depth is a concern for each user. How to solve these problems? We first look at the regulation of the amount of seedlings.

1, take the adjustment of the amount of seedlings

Handle seedling transplanter can be divided into seedling quantity adjustment, longitudinal seedling quantity adjustment and lateral seedling quantity adjustment.

The amount of seedlings taken in the longitudinal direction mainly refers to the height range of the cut needle block. The adjustment range is 8-17 mm and the standard is 11 mm. If the amount of seedlings is too large or too small, adjust the nut on the upper end of the roll by the seedlings. The upward adjustment of the screw, that is, the downward adjustment of the nut, takes a larger amount of seedlings, and vice versa.

The amount of seedling taken in the transverse direction refers to the number of movements of the planting arm when the seedling box is moved from one end to the other end. Its adjustment has three gears, 20, 24, and 26. Usually, according to the size of the seedlings, the big seedlings should be placed in the 20 stalls, the middle seedlings 24, the seedlings 26. Here we put it in 24 position. When adjusting, be sure to correspond with the seedling transfer fork combination.

2, spacing adjustment

In the gear box on the right side of the shift between the shift handle, a total of six-speed adjustment, from outside to inside are: 12,14,16 one and 17,19,21 one (subtitles - all data refers to centimeters). When the shift lever is in the first position, the corresponding plant spacings are 12, 14, and 16, respectively, for planting the indica rice; when the shifting lever is in the second shifting position, the corresponding plant spacings are 17, 19, and 21, respectively. Used for transplanting hybrid rice. The distance from the factory is the middle range, which is 14 or 19.

If you want to change the inserting density, you can adjust the gear position. Adjustment method

The shift lever is in the neutral position, the main clutch and the insertion clutch are engaged, and the implanting arm is operated at a slow speed. Push or pull the spacing between the handles, adjust to the desired position, and then increase the throttle, so that the planting arm at high speed, confirm the phenomenon of no gear stalls can be.

3, transplant depth adjustment

The insertion depth can be selected by changing the position of the insertion depth adjustment handle; 4 positions can also be selected by changing the position of the mounting plate at the back of the floating plate, and 6 positions can be selected, the above holes can be inserted, and the insertion depth can be shallower; The hole below is deep and deep. When adjusting the positions of the mounting plate holes, it is necessary to ensure that the positions of the three floating plate mounting holes are the same. The depth of transplanting can be determined according to the agronomic requirements. Under normal circumstances, it does not float, and the shallower the better. Here we use the seedlings, the standard depth of transplants can be 5 mm -1 cm, insert depth adjustment handle for every shift 1 position, the depth of the transplant will change about 6 mm.

After the rice transplanter is used for a period of time, some parts of the rice transplanter will run loose and wear out due to frequent operation, thus affecting the quality of transplanting. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the rice transplanter in time to make it work better. Let's look at the adjustment of the cable section.

1, adjust the cable

The main parts that need to be adjusted are the following sections:

Adjustment of the steering cable (gray): The steering cable can be adjusted when the rice transplanter turns instable or turns in place. Adjust the adjusting screw on the pull wire so that the gap of the steering handle can be adjusted to 1 mm. The adjustment method for left and right steering cables is the same.

Adjustment of the main clutch cable (yellow): When the rice transplanter is unable to walk or the main belt is worn, the main clutch cable can be adjusted. Adjust the adjustment nut on the pull cable so that when the main clutch handle is connected to the “OFF” position, the power starts to transfer or the implanting arm starts to operate. This position is the best.

Adjustment of the pull-out clutch cable (green): When the planting part cannot be combined and separated properly, adjust the pull-out of the pull-out clutch and adjust the nut on the pull-wire. When the main clutch is connected, the handle of the pull-out clutch is inserted in the position of the cut-off position. The arm starts to operate and this position is optimal.

Hydraulic clutch cable adjustment method (blue): When the machine is not sensitive to rise or fall, check the hydraulic clutch cable. When the throttle is opened to the maximum, the main clutch and the insertion clutch are cut off. When the adjustment nut on the hydraulic clutch is adjusted so that the handle is in the “up” position, the machine can rise in 3 to 4 seconds, and it can fall in 0 to 2 seconds. It must be "fixed" after coming up. This is the best position. If the line is too tight, it will rise quickly and decline slowly; if the line is too loose, it will rise slowly and fall faster.

2, planting system adjustment

In addition to the need to adjust the pull line, the transplanter after a long time, especially planting system, prone to loosening, wear, etc., also need to check and adjust.

First, it should be checked whether the needle and pusher are deformed. If it is deformed, use a screwdriver to push the needle up or down and adjust it until the gap between the needle and the pusher reaches 0.7-2mm.

The second step is to check if the gap between the needle and the seedling is the same. If the picking needle is not in the middle of the picking mouth, it will easily deform the picking pin, aggravate the wear of the rubber guide plate, and affect the quality of the picking pin. The adjustment method is: loosen the nut on the inserted crank pin, knock loose the crank pin, loosen the nut on the rocker, adjust the planting arm, if not, loosen the nut on the rocker, increase or decrease the pad sheet. If the needle needs to move inward, reduce the spacer. If the needle needs to move outwards, increase the spacer. Lock each nut when the needle is in position.

The third step is to use the seedling calipers to check the needles on the four implant arms, and whether or not they are on the same level as the navigation. If not, it will affect the control of the amount of picking per hole, the adjustment method is: first adjust the left planting arm. Place the vertical pick handle on the standard gear and loosen the bolt on the adjustment gear plate. Move the adjusting gear plate so that the guide rail moves up and down until the longest mark on the caliper needle is aligned. Then adjust the right planting arm. Adjust the adjusting nut on the right side of the guide so that the guide moves up and down so that the longest mark on the caliper can be aligned with the guide. Finally adjust the two planting arms on the inside. Loosen the lock nut on the rocker and tap the rocker with a hammer. The planting arm moves up and down so that the longest scale line on the pick and the gauge can be aligned.

In the fourth step, check the side clearance between the seedling box and the picking needle. When the seedling box moves to the most “left” or “right” end, the four picks cannot be rubbed against the side of the seedling box. If friction occurs, it is easy to deform the needle, affecting the quality of the transplant. When adjusting, loosen the nut of the seedling box support arm at both ends of the seedling box, and gently knock the seedling box support arm to place it. Tighten the nut last.

After the inspection and adjustment according to the above method, the planting system can return to normal.

3, other adjustments

In addition, there are several sections that need to be properly adjusted.

Belt adjustment: After a period of time, the belt may loosen and the standard belt should be on the same level as the side. It is best to press the belt with a fall of 10-15 mm. If it is loose, push the engine forward to tension the belt, and vice versa.

Adjustment of body balance: If the left and right sides of the transplanter are unbalanced, the inserted depths of the left and right sides of the seedling will be inconsistent. Just adjust the profile adjustment bolts under the cover.

The tension adjustment of the drive chain of the planting department: After starting the machine, if there is a buzzing noise in the middle body frame assembly, it indicates that the drive chain of the planting department is loose and should be tightened in time. It is possible to slightly unscrew the fixing bolts and adjust the tension plate downwards until there is no sound.

Fifth, maintenance and maintenance

Transplanter should be maintained and maintained in daily work. If you can do it well, it will not only improve the work efficiency, but also reduce the occurrence of faults and extend the service life of the rice transplanter. The correct daily maintenance of the rice transplanter can be performed according to the method described below.

1. Replacement of engine oil: Open the front cover, turn on the oil, loosen the oil bolts, and drain the engine oil in a warm state. After the discharge is completed, tighten the oil drain bolts and add new oil. The oil is added to the middle of the upper and lower tick marks of the machine oil. The engine oil must be checked every day. The first 20 hours of replacement, after every 50 hours to replace.

2. Replacement of gearbox oil: It must be run under the heat engine to release oil. Unscrew the oil plug, loosen the oil detection bolt, and loosen the oil bolt to release the gear oil. After draining, tighten the oil drain bolts. After the machine is leveled, add clean gear oil at the fill port until the bolt outlets are filled with oil. The basic is 3.5 liters. Gear oil can be changed every operating period.

3. Refuel the drive sprocket box: Raise the front end of the machine body, loosen the side float board bracket, take out the oil seal, inject 300ml gear oil, install the oil seal, and properly fix the side float board bracket. (Subtitles - The same method of refueling the two sides of the drive sprocket box.)

4. Refueling the gear box of the planting department: Open three oil plugs, add 1:1 mixture of butter and oil to each oil port, and add 0.2L each time. Add it once every 3-5 days.

5. Also add 0.2 liter of 1:1 mixed butter and engine oil to the side bracket and each planting arm. Join once every day.

6. Shaking the crank pin needs to inject butter, and the four cranking crank pins have the same refueling method.

7, the new machine wherever there is a yellow logo should be put on butter, with particular attention is:

a. Slider b, ratchet c, upper guide d, hydraulic valve arm operation

e、The connection of the main floating plate bracket and the hydraulic pressure f and the yellow markings

8. The rice transplanter should be cleaned with water after the daily operation every day to facilitate the next day's operation.

9. Check whether bolts are loose or lost every day. If any should be replenished in time, prevent the use of other components.

The above describes the daily maintenance precautions when using a rice transplanter. If the machine is not used for a long period of time, in addition to routine maintenance operations, the following storage maintenance should also be performed.

1. The engine is cleaned with water under medium-speed operation and the dirt should be completely removed. Do not stop operation immediately after cleaning, but continue to turn for 2-3 minutes. (subtitle - Caution to prevent water from entering the air filter)

2. Open the front cover, close the fuel filter, release the oil from the oil pipe, install the oil pipe after discharge is completed, and loosen the oil discharge bolt of the carburetor, and completely release the gasoline in the carburetor so as not to oxidize and rust in the carburetor. Blocked.

3, in order to prevent the cylinder wall and valve rust, open the spark plug, to inject new oil into the cremation plug hole about 20ml, check the spark plug, if there is carbon deposition, remove with sandpaper, the electrode gap can be adjusted in 0.6-0.7mm mm, Install the spark plug, pull the starter around 10 turns; install the front hood.

4. Connect the main clutch, slowly pull the recoil starter, and stop at the position where there is compression.

5. In order to prolong the life of the pressure spring of the planting arm, the planting fork should be kept at the lowest position (pressing the seedling).

6. The main clutch handle and the planting clutch handle are “disconnected”, the oil pressure handle “falls”, and the signal light switch is in the “stopped” state.

7. The cleaned rice transplanter should be covered with a hood and stored in a place where there is no dust, less moisture, and no direct sunlight, to prevent wind and rain, and sunlight.

The above describes the use and maintenance of hand-held transplanters. Machine transplanting can be not limited by region and variety, and has the advantage of popularization and application on a large scale. It is an important way to increase rice land productivity and labor productivity.

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