The use of chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizers to control crop pests and diseases is not only economic, safe and effective, but also has the characteristics of fertilizing and not harming natural enemies and not polluting the environment. It can be said that it is worthwhile to be promoted in production.

First, nitrogen fertilizer. Ammonium-nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia have strong volatility, and have certain stimulating, corrosive and fumigating effects on pests, especially for small spiders, aphids, thrips and other pests with small body shape and weak endurance. Application method: Spray evenly with 1% ammonium hydrogencarbonate or 0.5% ammonia aqueous solution, spray once every 5 to 7 days, and spray 2 to 3 times.

Second, phosphate fertilizer. The oxalic acid secreted by the glandular hair on the tender head of cotton has an attracting effect on the cotton bollworm moth. When the cotton bollworm adult occurs, 1% to 2% of the superphosphate leaching solution is used for foliar spraying, which can change the oxalic acid into calcium oxalate and lose the pair. The lure of cotton bollworms reduced the amount of eggs in cotton fields by 33.3% to 73.4%. The duration of each spraying of phosphorus is generally 2 to 3 days.

Tomato umbilical rot is a physiological disease caused by calcium deficiency in plants. Starting from the initial flowering stage of tomato, 1% calcium perphosphate leaching solution is sprayed once every half month, and even spraying 2 or 3 times can obviously prevent the occurrence of umbilical rot.

Third, potash fertilizer. Potassium can enhance the stress resistance of crops, and the application of potassium fertilizer can inhibit the occurrence of various crop diseases and insect pests. The potash fertilizer that is directly used to control crop pests and diseases is the plant ash.

Use 10 kg of grass ash to 50 kg of water, soak for 24 hours, then filter the filtrate to spray, which can effectively kill the mites on the crop; apply 20 kg of grass ash per acre to the bottom of the ditch before planting onion, garlic or leeks. Onions, garlic, leeks and other vegetables in the seedling stage, 15 kg of grass ash per acre, and then raking the soil, can significantly reduce the damage of root mites, and increase the yield of vegetables by 15% to 20%; The use of grass ash is 30-40 kg. When the dew is not dry in the morning, the ridge is scattered at the base of the wheat plant, which has certain effect on controlling the spread of the disease. For the fruit tree with root rot, the root soil is first dug and the root bark is scraped off. Slightly dry and then plant 2.5 to 5 kg of plant ash per plant. After 1 to 2 months, the diseased tree can emit new roots.

Fourth, zinc fertilizer. Spraying once with 0.05% to 0.1% zinc sulphate solution after sweet pepper planting and slowing the seedlings can reduce the occurrence of viral diseases and increase the fruit setting rate and single fruit weight, increasing yield by 15% to 37%.

Five, manganese fertilizer. When the Chinese cabbage is planted, it is sprayed with trace element manganese, or sprayed once with 0.1% to 0.2% manganese sulfate solution in the seedling stage, rosette stage and core period of Chinese cabbage, which has significant control effect on Chinese cabbage heartburn. Increased yield by 10% to 18%, and improved the quality of Chinese cabbage.

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