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According to the British "Daily Telegraph" report, scientists are carefully creating a bare "scaffold" structure so that the patient's own cells can grow around the frame. The technology has successfully created a new airway for patients suffering from trauma and disease and is expected to be used to create a wider range of human organs. Experts point out that for the most commonly used body parts, the brackets can be created and stored in advance for future use.
This technology uses part of the body of a death donor or animal to remove all soft tissue from it, leaving only the bare structure. Stem cells from the patient can be placed on the frame and re-grown into new body parts.
Professor John Fisher at the University of Leeds, UK, said at the annual meeting of the British Stem Cell Network that creating a scaffolding library of all body tissues allows surgeons to complete transplants using covered tissue from stem cells from patients.
Professor Fisher and his colleague Professor Irene Ingham have been working to create such stents from dead donors and animals. So far, researchers have created patches, knee cartilage, and tendons that cover body holes.
The advantage of this method is that since the stent has been stripped of all materials that trigger the rejection reaction, and the soft tissue is bred from the patient's own stem cells, the patient does not reject the transplanted tissue as a foreign object. This means that patients will be able to avoid the use of potent immunosuppressive drugs that reduce life expectancy and increase the risk of cancer.
Currently, the Blood and Transplant Organization Department of the National Medical Service of the United Kingdom is developing a stent derived from a human donor organization, and the Tissue Regeneration Group is developing and commercializing a stent derived from animal tissue.
Professor Fisher said: "If you take a piece of natural tissue and then remove the cells from all the donors, you will only leave a biological scaffold consisting mainly of collagen, which is associated with the patient receiving the stent. This bracket is quite good from an engineering point of view because it is strong, flexible, and retains the properties of natural tissue, but also has the right shape and size; from a biological point of view, the advantage lies in the patient The cells can be combined with it and refilled."
Because the new technology overcomes the problem of immune rejection, it is expected that the life of the new graft will exceed that of the current implant. Professor Fisher said that the artificial valve from pigs has been treated and strengthened for more than ten years. However, although the chemical treatment process prevents it from being rejected by the human immune system, it will gradually degrade and require re-transplantation.
These new bioscaffolds will provide ready-made tissue for surgery, vascular repair after arterial occlusion surgery, knee cartilage recovery after sports injury and cartilage tear, recovery of torn ligaments and tendons, and repair and replacement of heart valves . Other more complex structures, such as the throat, can be replaced in the same way, but the demand for such professional transplants is relatively limited, so biotech companies are unlikely to pre-produce and store these stents for this purpose.
(Source: Technology Daily)
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Exposed "stent" structure is expected to create human organs