Bullet fish is also known as flower jumping, jumping fish, mud monkeys. It belongs to the scorpion-shaped head and the fishball family. There are 3 genera and 9 species in China. The common species are mudskipper fish, big-shot mussel fish, and green-coated fish.

(A) Biology of Bullfish

1. Morphological characteristics Bombed fish is long and flat. The eye is located at the front of the head and protrudes from the top of the head. The two eyes are close and the abdomen mostly heals. The base of the pectoral fin is long and full of muscles, so it can jump out of the water.

2. Life habits Bombyx mori is a warm, temperate small-scale fish. Body length is generally about 150MM, the majority is about 100mm. They inhabit the coastal mudflats or in brackish waters. They can crawl on the beach or at low tide with swift shoals and rocks. They are good at jumping. Usually on the muddy beach, frightened by the elasticity of the tail handle quickly jump into the water or drill caves in order to escape the harm.

As the mudskipper can use the pectoral and caudal peduncles to crawl or jump on the water, mudflats and rocks, and the skin and tail are assisted breathing apparatus, it can expose the water for a long time and live. It is more tolerant to the harsh water environment than ordinary fish. Strong. The mudskipper has a habit of digging a drill hole like a yellow toad and has at least two holes. One is the positive orifice, which is the main access channel; the other is the rear orifice, which allows the flow of water and air to flow freely. This channel is in the shape of “丫” and the lower part of the “丫”-shaped cave is flat with the painted surface. The depth and depth of the channel varies with the nature of the underlying soil. The soft mud layer is thick and the hole is deep and long, about 60 cm. The tunnel can also be used as spawning room in addition to avoiding changes in the enemy and refuge environment.

Bullet-fishing fish is suitable for seawater density between 1.010 and 1.020. The water temperature is 24-30°C and it grows faster. When the water temperature is above 32°C in summer, you can use a pergola around the pool to shelter it from the heat. Below 14 °C in winter, it hides in the tunnel. Few activities come out. There is good weather in the sun. Even during the winter, feeding activities come out.
The mudskipper fish mainly feed on benthic diatoms. It is common to see benthic diatoms feeding at the bottom of shallow banks and drainage channels during low tide. When the body is sun dried, it climbs into the water and then swims out of the water to continue to feed benthic diatoms.
3. Breeding habits of the euphorbia fish. Due to the large proportion of the liver of the eel-bearing fish, the mature male and female abdomen are large in appearance, so it is not easy to distinguish gender, the only way is to carefully observe the gonad. If the genital hole is swollen and the round is a female, the narrow prolongation of the tip is a male. The ovaries are yellow and the eggs are sticky eggs. Two testis, pale red, on both sides of the abdomen.

(II) Increased culture

1. The breeding season of the seedlings is 4 to 9 months. The natural fish fry catches the most in June and August, especially after the high tide in early summer. The estuary in the estuary enters the sea, in the water pool and in the water in the footprints. In a small hand-operated net, small seedlings of 1.5 to 3 cm in length are harvested.

2. Aquaculture pond

(1) Area Each pond is suitable for 1.5 to 15 acres, generally 7 to 8 acres is more, inconvenient management and it is difficult to put enough seedlings at one time, too little is not conducive to shellfish fish habitat growth, unit Area yield is not high.

(2) The pool embankment and the bottoms are similar to the shrimp ponds. The bottom of the pond should be higher than the low tide line and be flat so that benthic diatoms can be cultivated and sunbed. Each pool is equipped with a drainage gate, and the bottom of the pool must be slightly inclined toward the gate. A deep groove with a width of 2 meters connecting the gate should be provided at the center for drainage. The bottom soil is preferably made of softer clay to facilitate its habitat and algae propagation. Secondly, the pool embankment should be higher, or a fence or other anti-escape facilities should be added to prevent its escape and other animals. Intrusion.

3. Pre-reserve preparatory work Bullhead fishes mainly feed on benthic diatoms, followed by blue-green algae. They do not eat rice bran, soybean cakes, peanut cakes, and fish slurry feed directly. They have no residual food. Only the good growth of algae can make the fish well-oiled. Growth, so how to make the ground conducive to the growth and reproduction of algae is a problem that farmers need to solve. Therefore, before the stocking, it is necessary to do a clean pool operation such as drying the pool bottom, applying basic fertilizer, disinfecting, and eliminating predators. For old fish and shrimp ponds that have been cultivated for many years and have many organic matters, the amount of base fertilizer to be applied should be small, and exposure should be carried out after exposure to cracks. Rice bran, water 5 to 10cm can be stocked. The newly built fish ponds will use chickens, pig manure and rice bran about 40 kilograms per acre, and the water depth should be 2-7 cm.

4. The seedlings that have been stocked or purchased are directly placed in the rearing tanks for a period of up to 5 to 10 cm for rapid growth, and growth above 30 cm is slow. Breeding time is generally about 8 months, due to the mudflater fish gradually grow up, but also have the habit of drilling caves, so it is not easy to capture, after stocking more difficult to segregate. Although the mudskippers have no mutual killing, they can be stocked one after another, but it is better to let them go in a short time. The stocking capacity per acre is generally 2,000 to 3,500. High-density stocking will grow slowly due to the lack of supply of algae in the pond, which will eventually lead to small individual specifications, low prices, high costs, and the consequences of lower yields and lower benefits.

5. Daily management

(1) Fertilization After feeding for a period of time, the benthic diatoms disappear and the water quality is turbid. They must be drained, sun bathed and fertilized to promote the reproduction of benthic diatoms. Since the seedlings in the early stage of stocking did not drill holes, the changes in water temperature were too great to prevent it. Therefore, in the initial stage of stocking, the depth of pool water is maintained at about 15cm, and it is only deep at the ditch, which is about 30CM. The algae grew better, and the bomb-feeding of the juveniles was sufficient. At this time, they drilled shallower in the tunnel. After about 40 days, when they grew to more than 5 cm, they started to build deeper channels. At this time, if the benthic diatoms disappear or decrease, they can choose to be sunny, drain the pool water, and only leave some water in the ditch. If the bottom of the ditches is 3 to 6 days, when the bottom of the pool is relatively hard, the sun will crack, and then the fertilizer can be applied. , rice sugar, etc., depending on the amount of benthic diatoms, the amount of fertilizer is increased or decreased. Ordinary rice bran is about 20 kilograms per acre. The retracted fabric should be fully and evenly distributed. After the drainage, the bottom of the pool is also soft and wet, and the effect of spreading is good, so that rice bran and soil When the surface is wetted and then sunk until it cracks, it begins to inject seawater approximately 3 to 10 cm. In a few days, adherent diatoms will continue to flourish. When manure or fertilizer is applied, do not allow a large amount of liquid manure to directly flow into the tunnel and kill the fish. Water fertilizer or manure can be directly poured on the surface of the cracked subsoil. It can also be mixed and diluted after entering the water, so it will not stimulate the fish in the hole.

(2) Insulation In winter, in order to increase the pool temperature, it is necessary to drain the pond when there is no wind and waves, and to increase the amount of water when cloudy and cold currents are attacked. The amount of water is kept high. When the water temperature drops below 14°C, the mudflater has burrowed. Less out of cable.

(3) Injury

1 Fish Damage Certain fish will prey on the seedlings of bombardment fish. For example, sea otters and sand locusts will prey on stocking seedlings, resulting in a decrease in their survival rate. Therefore, they must be exterminated during sun drying. It should be prevented from invading the culture pond every time it enters the water.

2 Bird-fighting is generally driven by eviction. There is no absolute prevention at present.

3 Crab damage small crabs like shellfish fish. The mudflater sometimes strays into the crab hole and is caught and eaten, while small crabs also invade the mudflat fish hole to kill the smeared fish for food. The pool is surrounded by plastic plates to prevent small crabs from entering. Crabs in the pond are drained from the pool with a high concentration of poison and poured into the hole to seal it. They are poisoned and killed at night or with light.

4 Others, such as conch, polychaete, etc., although they do not directly harm the smearfish, they can ingest large amounts of algae and compete with eel-bearing fish to try to dislodge it. The snail must apply 0.35ppm shellfish killer before stocking. Hairy insects, polychaetes and other available drugs were used to disperse the entire pool of water.

(III) Harvesting and Living Appropriate Sale

1. The size of the bombarded fish is 25 pieces per 500 g and can be listed. There are two different ways to catch a smear fish:

(1) The ballistic cages trap and drain the pool water, leaving only the water in the central ditch, and then look for imports and exports. There are traces of access to the import, but there is no such trace at the exit. The soil was plugged into the exit and the entrance was slightly controlled to a wider hole. The fish cage was then plugged in and marked. The mudskipper fish could only be imported from the unsealed fish cage. Harvest about once every half hour, then change to a new orifice.

(2) The method of hanging nets; this method can be used in other seasons except for winters. Using the back-drawing habits of the mudskipper fish, first drain the pool water to a few centimeters or dry it, then set the net to the water injection port and use the water injection at high tide. When the water-recovery cluster is in the hanging net, pull the net rope to lift and capture.

2. The smear-coating of live fish with mud-coated fish is easy. It can be transported long distances as long as the proper temperature is maintained and a small amount of water is added.

Some traffickers used a special circular sieve tray with a diameter of 80 cm and a depth of 20 cm. They were covered with a plastic film on the bottom of the sieve pan. The circumference of the membrane was larger than the bottom and the membrane edge was attached to the sieve wall. After the shellfish were put in, a small amount of water was added and several sifting sieve trays were stacked. After the fish is packed, carry-on baggage can be handled at the bus passenger station. The survival rate of transportation 2 to 3 days can reach 100%.

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