Asparagus is a seedling of the perennial herb of the genus Asparagus, a species of Asparagus officinalis. The main edible part is the tender stem after harvest. Asparagus stems are rich in nutrients, have a variety of health effects, and have good prospects for planting, and have now become a special item for farmers to increase their income. Today, Xiaobian talks about asparagus cultivation techniques and pest control measures.

1 variety selection

Asparagus varieties should choose high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistant and excellent varieties, such as 'Grande' 'Dabaoli' 'Apollo' 'Green Polaroid' and so on.

2. Seedling transplanting

2.1 Nursery

Dry the seeds for 2 days before sowing, then rinse them with water to remove the seeds that are not full and insects, then soak them with 50% carbendazim or chlorothalonil 500 times for 24 hours, then plant the plants at 30-35 degrees. Soak seeds in warm water for 2-3 days, cover them with a wet towel and germination. When 10% of the seeds are white, they can be sown. Seedlings can be used for nutrient soil or substrate for nutrient seedlings. When the seedling age is 40 days and more than 3 aboveground stems are grown, they can be transplanted.

2.2 Soil preparation and fertilization

Before transplanting, apply 3,000-4,000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.

Deeply turn the soil over 30cm, do 15~25cm sorghum, and the distance between the two rafts is 1.5~1.7m.

2.3 transplanting and planting

After watering, seedlings are planted, and each row is planted with 1 row. The distance between planting plants is 25~30cm. After planting, watering is carried out, and seedlings are filled in time to fill the gaps.

3 Field management

3.1 Water Management

After 4-6 days of planting, the seedling water is poured, and the water is timely watered according to the soil moisture. After the irrigation, ventilation should be strengthened to reduce the humidity and prevent the occurrence of diseases. It is necessary to drain water in time on rainy days.

3.2 Rational fertilization

Asparagus is recommended to use soil testing formula fertilization. After planting for one month, 10 kg of ternary compound fertilizer should be applied per mu. The adult lettuce should be applied with germination fertilizer before covering the small greenhouse film in January. Apply 1000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre and ternary compound fertilizer 15 ~20kg; in the 2-3 months, the germination of the buds and the growth of the tender stems are accelerated. 1000kg of organic fertilizer is applied per mu of land, 20kg of urea and 5kg of potassium sulphate; during the harvest period, 15kg of urea is applied per acre every 30 days.

3.3 Plant adjustment

Lettuce should be topped in time to prevent the plant from growing too high and causing lodging. If necessary, pull the rope or wire to prevent the lodging.

3.4 Timely clearing of the film

In the winter, the garden should be cleared in time, and the dead leaves and weeds should be completely removed and taken out of the garden for burial or incineration. At the same time, the greenhouse film should be covered in January.

3.5 Temperature and humidity control

The daytime temperature of the greenhouse is controlled within the range of 20-25 degrees, and the nighttime temperature is controlled within the range of 10-15 degrees. When the temperature of the greenhouse exceeds 30 degrees, it is necessary to uncover the ventilating ventilation of the shed on the shed, and heat the membrane at 4 pm. In the cold morning, the film should be postponed and covered early in the afternoon to ensure proper temperature in the greenhouse.

4 Scientific harvesting

The harvest of winter and spring asparagus is arranged before 9:00 am every day, and when the young stems are 25~35cm high, the bamboo shoots are used to cut 2cm below the soil surface. The adult young shoots of adult plants lasted for 40 days, and they needed to be supplemented during the harvest period. The harvest was stopped around mid-August. After the lettuce is harvested, it should be pre-cooled in a cold storage of 2-3 degrees in time to reduce its respiration and extend the shelf life. At the same time, it should be classified, packaged and sold according to market demand.

5 Integrated pest management

5.1 stem blight

Enhance plant resistance and prevent disease by seed disinfection, timely clearing of the garden, retention of mother stems, pruning and topping, and water and fertilizer management;

When changing the head in the fall, spray 50% carbendazim WP 500 times solution.

5.2 Brown spot disease

It is sprayed with 75% chlorothalonil 600~800 times solution and 50% carbendazim 500~600 times solution.

5.3 Root rot

It is found that the diseased plants should be excavated in time and the surrounding soil should be disinfected;

The roots were treated with 50% carbendazim 500-600 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl 500-600 times solution.

5.4 Spodoptera litura

The larva is in the second-instar stage, and is sprayed with 25% beta-cypermethrin 1500 times solution or 1000-fold solution of chlorpyrifos in the evening.

5.5 Locust

It can also be controlled by spraying with a yellow plate and spraying with 80% enepyridine·pyridone 4000 times.

5.6 Hummer

Hanging the pheromone blue plate with hummus in the shed for prevention;

Control with 2.5% chlorine·octyl emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times or 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC 2000 times.

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