Vegetable "A" shaped multi-layer three-dimensional frame cultivation technology

Stereo-rotating substrate cultivation vegetables can effectively improve the utilization rate of facility cultivation, mainly including “A” shaped multi-layer three-dimensional frame, low energy consumption hydraulic drive, coconut meal matrix formula, water and fertilizer integrated management, mathematical model precise control and balanced production, etc. .

蔬菜“A”字形多层立体架栽培技术详解

More than two years of production practice shows that through concentrated seedlings, the production workshop has a growth period of 18 to 23 days per year, and can produce 18 to 20 baht per year. The yield per 667 m2 is 1,500 to 1,600 kg, and the annual output is 667 m2. It has a capacity of 27 500 to 30 000 kg and has achieved accurate order production. The implementation of this technology has scientifically utilized various resources such as light and heat, water and fertilizer, and substrate to achieve ecological, safe and efficient. Taken together, there are mainly the following key technologies.

Support necessary protective facilities

Stereo cultivation must be carried out in a fixed and relatively wind-resistant protective facility. We chose a single-slope top side ventilation (large serrated) cooling shed, which consists of 4 sheds and is a 8 m wide double-jagged multi-panel greenhouse with a shoulder height of 5.5 m and a top height of 7.5 m.

The vents around the shed and the top side vent cover the insect-proof net and the film, the single-slope shed covers the film, and the top is provided with external shading. Under normal circumstances, natural ventilation is well utilized; during the typhoon and winter low temperature, the top side vent and the surrounding film are laid down, which has good wind and heat preservation effects.

Construction of "A" shaped three-dimensional cultivation rack

To achieve three-dimensional cultivation, it is necessary to construct a scientifically adapted three-dimensional cultivation frame. According to the height of the shed, the height of the three-dimensional cultivation frame is 5.5 m, the cross section is “A” shape, and the bottom length×width is 3.20 m×1.85 m. A total of 20 trays for placing the substrate slots are placed along the sides of the "A" frame.

In order to make the vegetables in each layer of the substrate tank evenly enjoy the natural illumination, according to the reverse principle of the waterwheel, each cultivation frame is designed with a low-pressure water wheel drive device, which consumes only 0.09 W per 1 h; by adjusting the water pressure, It can drive the entire cultivation rack to run at a constant speed.

The substrate groove on the shelf tray is a custom-made ordinary plastic plate with fine holes at the bottom, which can make the substrate absorb water without extravasation of the substrate, and the specification is 33 cm × 23 cm × 10 cm.

Matrix preparation and recycling

The above-mentioned several fast-growing leaves have a wide adaptability to the substrate, and Hainan's coco peat can be selected as the main cultivation substrate. In order to maximize the use time, fresh coco peat usually does not need high-temperature fermentation, and only alkalinized with lime water, so that the pH value reaches 5.5-7.0, and 15%-20% fermented organic fertilizer can be mixed before use.

In the production of fast-growing leafy vegetables, the new coconut glutinous formula base can be used continuously for 9-10, that is, about half a year; in the second half of the half year, each use should be temporarily disinfected and pH adjusted. Value to the appropriate range. After the end of half a year, the old substrate was completely replaced, and the new formula substrate was replaced by 9 to 10 vegetable production in the second half of the year.

The old substrate can be transported to an organic waste recycling plant for high temperature sterilization, compounding, and then into a new formulation matrix or formula bio-organic fertilizer for reuse in the next production season.

蔬菜“A”字形多层立体架栽培技术详解

Seedling and transplanting

In order to improve the utilization efficiency of smart greenhouses, even fast-growing leaves do not promote live broadcast, but adopt seedling transplanting. The seedling work is carried out in a special nursery workshop, and 128-hole black plugs are selected for seedling cultivation. The plugs are immersed and disinfected with 5% potassium permanganate solution before seedling cultivation.

The seedling substrate is prepared by copra and activated organic fertilizer in a ratio of 7:1 (volume ratio). It is sown with a precision seeder, covered with coco peat without organic fertilizer, and covered with a black shade net before emergence. The water and fertilizer management of leafy seedlings adopts the tidal style, the nutrient solution formula and the leafy vegetable formula after planting. Generally, it is watered once for 2 days before 2 true leaves, and the EC value is 1.2-1.6 mS/cm; the water is once watered once every 1 d before planting, and the EC value is 1.6-1.8 mS/cm.

Fast-growing leafy vegetables can be fixed in 3 to 4 true leaves, and the calendar seedling age is 12 to 13 days. The size of the seedlings should be fixed, and the number of plants in each substrate should be 3: lettuce, 4 cabbage and mustard 4, and 5 cabbage; planting method: the substrate of the cabbage seedlings, the planting point in the substrate tank is slightly pressed Then, each time a planting layer is used, the electric rotator is used to adjust the spatial position of the cultivation of the Ferris wheel on the "A" frame, and at the same time achieve the effect of "drinking water" while planting the edge.

Integrated management of water and fertilizer after planting

After planting, the quick-growing leaf nutrient solution was prepared in 100 L of water.

A barrel: 7.08 kg of calcium nitrate, 300 g of chelated iron;

B barrel: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5 kg, magnesium sulfate 3.6 kg, potassium nitrate 3.05 kg, potassium sulfate 2.6 kg, boric acid 42.9 g, zinc sulfate 3.3 g, copper sulfate 1.2 g, ammonium molybdate 0.3 g, manganese sulfate 31.9 g.

The suitable EC value is 1.5 to 2.0 mS/cm, and the nutrient solution is used at a concentration of 150 times.

In order to facilitate the integrated management of fertilizer and water in each layer of vegetables on the “A” shelf, a shallow nutrient solution pool of 10 cm depth was set at the bottom of each “A” frame, and an internal circulation was formed with the underground nutrient solution pool. Water system. After the planting, the low-pressure water wheel is started every day, so that the leafy vegetables on the "A" frame are driven by the low-pressure water wheel, and are rotated three times a day to the bottom shallow nutrient solution pool to drink water and absorb nutrients. Accurate integration of water and fertilizer can be achieved without the need to install a separate drip irrigation system.

During use, as time passes and water evaporates, the salt in the nutrient solution pool accumulates continuously, and the EC value will increase. The amount of water should be replenished in time to adjust the EC value of the nutrient solution to the normal range. In addition, care should be taken to adjust the pH of the nutrient solution to about 5.8.

Pest Control

The production of vegetables in smart greenhouses is closed management. As long as the density of the fence can reach 50 mesh, the pests can be effectively controlled. In the production practice of more than 2 years, several leafy vegetables occasionally appear as leaf miner. When the damage is slight, the growth time of leafy vegetables is short, and generally no spraying is needed. If the damage is relatively heavy, there is a rapid development trend. Spray in time. You can use 1.8% avermectin EC 2 500-3 000 times or 10% imidacloprid wet powder 1 000 times, spray once every 4 to 5 days, even spray 2 times.

If the substrate is used continuously with a large number of turns and the relative humidity is too large, soft rot is prone to occur, and individual plants die when severe occurs. Therefore, the number of use of the substrate should be strictly controlled, generally not more than 10 茬; in the rainy weather where the natural light is not strong, the time for the substrate to be immersed in the bottom pool is appropriately shortened to reduce the relative humidity of the substrate; 72% agricultural chain can be selected for chemical control The WP can be 3,000 to 4,000 times of liquid, and the nozzle is sprayed directly upwards against the bottom of the substrate tray, preferably 2 times in 8 to 10 days.

Balanced production precision control

The production of fast-growing leafy vegetables in smart greenhouses is possible because of the relatively controllable environmental conditions, which provides a balanced and accurate production. We scientifically arrange production according to the mathematical model of balanced production of fast-growing leafy vegetables X=A/(B+C)×W×Y; where: A is the harvesting period, ie the number of days in the planting interval, B is the number of days after planting, C is The number of leisure preparation days between 2茬, W is the planting area (the number of substrate tanks that can be planted in our plant factory), Y is the proportion of certain vegetables, and X is the planting area per raft.

For example, our first leaf vegetable production workshop installed a total of 160 “A” shaped three-dimensional cultivation racks of 5.5 m height, 20 trays per rack, and 8 trays of 33 cm×23 cm×10 cm in each tray. There are 25 600 matrix tanks in total.

蔬菜“A”字形多层立体架栽培技术详解

Four kinds of fast-growing leafy vegetables are arranged for a long time in the whole year, and the proportion of each kind of vegetables is 25% (the proportion of each dish can be adjusted accordingly with the order change), and the average growth period after planting is 20 days, 2茬The preparation for leisure is set at 2 days, and each amaranth is harvested in 2 days to ensure quality and uniformity. According to the above parameters, the area of ​​each vegetable should be planted as X=2/(20+2). ×25 600×25%=320 (disc), that is, in this leafy vegetable production workshop, for a certain dish, a batch of plants is planted every 2 days, and 320 batches are planted in each batch, which can be within 365 days of the anniversary. It is fully balanced in daily harvesting and realizes accurate ordering of daily orders.

Purple Red Garlic

Introduction:
The bulb of garlic,an allium plant in the lily family.with the pungent flavor and spicy taste.spherical shape with a diameter of 3-6.5cm. The surface is covered with white and papery-skin.
The top is slightly pointed, with residual scape in the middle,many fibrous root marks at the base. After peeling off the skin, a single head or 6 to 16 petal-shaped small bulbs, inserted around the base of the remaining flower stems. The bulbous valve is slightly ovoid, with a membranous outer skin, slightly pointed at the apex, and an arcuate bulge on one side.
In order to ensure the maximum freshness and nutrients.
We adhere to the traditional natural drying method without any human intervention.

Selected from new harvesting purple Red Garlic that planted in our organic garlic farm,abandon black spots,decay, pests,rot cloves.
Can be stored for long time under proper conditions after sun drying.
With the characteristics of big size,white&distinct appearance,pure flavor,pure flavor,crispy taste,high capsaicin.

Specification
Brand:Changrong
Variety:Liliaceous Vegetables
Color:Purple red

Normal Red Garlic,Garlic Cultivars,Dehydrated Normal Red Garlic,Organic Normal Red Garlic

shandong changrong international trade co.,ltd. , https://www.changronggarliccn.com