Organic straw mushroom cultivation techniques
Cultivation season: Mushroom is a high-temperature robust type mushroom, mycelial growth temperature range between 20-40 °C, suitable temperature is 30-39 °C, the optimum temperature is 36 °C, fruiting body differentiation temperature is 27-31 °C The optimum temperature is 28-33°C. It is advisable to plant in the greenhouse from June 20 to September 20. Production process: Raw material preparation - build heap fermentation - pasteurization - bed planting - earth covering - mycelial culture - mushroom management - harvesting. Mushroom Shed Processing: Mushrooms that have been cultivated with mushrooms and other edible mushrooms can be cultivated in the summer after cleaning waste and disinfection. The specific method is to clean the waste inside the mushroom shed at the end of the production season of the mushroom, shave off the soil on the wall of the shed, and paint it with lime slurry once. Dig up the ground trampoline and work track to 1 layer of soil and sprinkle 1 layer of lime powder. Uncover the shade on the mushroom shed, open the vent and expose it for 5-7 days. Formula: 100 kg of straw, 10 kg of bran, 4 kg of lime. Wheat Straw Fermentation and Disinfection (1) The wheat straw is cut into 10-20 cm long pieces and soaked in lime water with a concentration of 3% for 24 hours, so that the wheat straw becomes softer. Or spread 1 layer of wheatgrass and spread 1 layer of lime, step on the side of the water jet, make a 1.5m wide, 1m high, unlimited length of the stack, build a pile, cover the plastic film insulation, heat preservation, pre-wet fermentation When the heap temperature rises to 60°C, keep it for 24 hours, turn it over and move it inside the mushroom shed. (2) Move the fermented wheat straw into a mushroom shed and build a heap. The stack height is 1 meter, width is 1 meter, and the length is not limited. When compaction is built, it is necessary to step on tightly to raise temperature. After building a heap, make up the water, close the doors and windows, use the radiant heat of the sun and the temperature of the heap to raise the temperature of the mushroom shed to 60°C and maintain it for 10 hours. Then cover the top of the mushroom shed. Shade and strengthen ventilation, so that the temperature within the shed fell to 48-52 °C, maintain 24 hours, without ammonia when making beds. The bed will be fermented and disinfected wheat straw laid on the bed surface to form a high center, low color around the back, the center material thickness of 20 cm, the surrounding material thickness of 15 cm, sprinkle with bran (with a concentration of 2% lime water Soak) and lime powder and spray enough water to make the water content reach 75%, the pH value is between 9.0-10.0. Sowing: When the material temperature of the bed is below 40°C and there is no ammonia, 500 g of bacteria are used per square meter, and 50% of the bacteria are sown by the sowing method. The remaining bacteria are sown on the surface of the bacterial culture material. , and use wooden board compaction, so that strains and culture materials close. Cover soil and fungus management (1) Cover soil The soil or fire under the sloping grassland is used after sun exposure. (2) After sowing, the soil shall be covered on the culture material of the bacteria bed with a thickness of 0.8-1 cm, and lime water shall be sprayed to make the covering soil reach the maximum moisture content, but the water shall not leak into the culture material and the pH shall be adjusted to 8.0 - Between 9.0. Close 1/3 doors and windows, so that the relative humidity of the air reaches about 90%, and the temperature is controlled at about 35°C. On the third day, the mycelium grew into the culture medium, and the stack temperature began to rise. It was necessary to open doors and windows early and late to reduce the temperature, so that the temperature of the culture center did not exceed 39°C, in order to facilitate the cultivation of robust mycelium. About 9 days, the hyphae was covered with culture materials. Mushroom management: The needles with large needles appear 9-10 days after sowing, and the relative humidity in the air should be controlled between 85% and 95%. Mushroom period can not spray water, with the growth of the mushroom body, the relative humidity of the air is low, can be sprayed twice a day in the air, when the mushroom bed water content is low when the water spray, water temperature and bed temperature is similar, as far as possible Do not spray directly onto the mushrooms. When the straw mushroom harvested from the needle to the elongation period, timely harvest, the first tidal mushroom harvest, stop spraying for 3 days, spray 4 times on the 4th heavy water, to provide sufficient moisture for the second tidal mushroom. Mushrooms have a total of 3 tides in a large number of mushrooms. Because the hyphae are susceptible to aging at high temperatures, they can be changed when there are few mushrooms in the later period.