One of the Small Watermelon Techniques in Early Spring Stands
Cultivating high-yielding and strong-seedlings in the early spring to erect a small watermelon stand in a greenhouse is a kind of fine cultivation method that improves watermelon yield, improves appearance quality, and produces green fruits and vegetables. The use of stand cultivation, can increase planting density, so that melon field ventilation, watermelon coloring, high yield, good prices, to achieve "high-quality, high-yield, high-commercial" efficient planting purposes. Choose good breed. Precocious cultivation of small-fruited watermelons should select varieties with low temperature and light resistance, strong resistance to disease (resistance), moderate growth, good results, good fruit type, and good quality. Such as Hong Xiaoyu, Huang Xiaoyu, Jin Fu, Xuefeng Xiao Yuhong seedless, Xiao Xiaofeng, black beauty, early spring red jade and so on. Seed treatment. Small-sized watermelon seeds were sun-dried for 2 hours before sowing to increase the internal enzyme activity of the seeds, and then the seeds were disinfected. There are two kinds of disinfection methods: one is warm soup sterilization, that is, the seeds are immersed in constant temperature water at 55°C for 10 minutes, and the seeds are continuously agitated during the period so that the seeds are evenly heated and then soaked in warm water gradually cooled for 3 to 4 hours; Soak it in clean water for 5-6 hours, soak it with 100% solution of formalin 100% for 10 minutes, and soak it in 1% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes. Then, the soaked seeds are skimmed with saturated lime water. When the seed coat is not slippery, the water is washed with clean water, and the water on the surface of the seeds is wiped with a towel and then the shell is broken. Seed broken shell can use tooth broken shell and mechanical shelling two methods. Since the small fruit-type watermelon seeds are small and the seeds are broken easily with a mechanical shell, it is preferable to gently open the small mouth with teeth. The seeds of the shells are laid flat on a sterilized wet sand table or a wet sawed wood dish. The seeds should not be piled too thick. A sterilized wet towel and a layer of plastic film should be covered to vaporize the moisture. It is then germinated at a temperature of 32-35[deg.] C., and sprouting generally takes 24 hours. Seedbed preparation. In spring cultivation, greenhouse seedlings or greenhouse seedlings are generally used for seedling cultivation. Seedbed beds should be selected on leeward sunny, well-lit and easily drainable plots. The use of plastic nutrients for concentrated seedlings, nutrient soil requirements fertile loose, without pests and weeds. Formulation ratio: 65% rice field topsoil plus 35% of rotten pig cow dung, plus 0.1% of ternary compound fertilizer mix well. After the nutrition is well packed, the soil is tightly arranged on the seedbed and sowed. Timely sowing. The seeds are planted in early February. The seedbeds are located in greenhouses and greenhouses, and the greenhouses are tightly compacted with a thin film cover before planting. On the afternoon of sowing, a 0.1% solution of thiophanate, a water-soluble plastic, was sprayed with a watering can. The next day sowing, sowing each one, and then covered with 5 mm thick fine soil. After sowing, the bed is covered with a layer of plastic film to facilitate warming and moisturizing. Then immediately insert the bamboo arch, cover the agricultural film, and tightly compact the surrounding area, clean the drains around the seedbed and the greenhouse. Seed management. The central task of seedbed management before emergence is to keep warm and prevent rats. After seeding, the seedbed temperature should be adjusted to 30-35°C, and at the same time, suitable humidity should be maintained so as to promote the rapid emergence of young shoots of the seedlings, shorten the time for the young shoots to stay in the soil, reduce the nutrient loss, and make the melon shoots thick. At the same time, the surrounding plastic film is sealed to prevent rats from entering the seedbed. When the melon shoots top soil, the mulch film is peeled off in time. After 70% emergence, in the morning when the seed shell is wet, carefully peel the shell to “cap†and immediately “cap†the lid to moisturize and increase the temperature to continue to promote the emergence. 1 to 2 days after the second "cap". After the emergence of the first true leaves, should pay attention to the bed temperature dropped to 20 ~ 25 °C during the day, 15 ~ 18 °C at night, to prevent high temperature and high humidity caused seedlings to form long leg seedlings. The first true leaf is warmed up appropriately, during the day, at 25 to 30°C, and at night at 18 to 20°C.