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High-quality goat production technology
I. Hybridization of commercial sheep and sheep 1. "Banan" and "Saian" of the binary crossbreeding model The native Anhui white goat was used as the female parent, and the exotic goats Boer goat and Saanen goat were used as male parents to carry out the binary crossbreeding. Listed on fattening. Under the conditions of farmers in the Huaibei Plain, the hybrids of Boer goats and Anhui white goats had a body weight of 25.20 months, which was 13.74% higher than the equivalent age of Anhui white goats (11.46), an increase of 119.90%; Saanen goats and Anhui white goats One generation of hybrids at 6 months of age was 22.14, an increase of 10.68 from the same age of Anhui White goat (11.46), an increase of 93.19%. The hybrid generation had a significantly improved meat production capacity, with 6-month-old carcass weight, 12.5 in F1 generation in Boan, and 11.20 in Saian F1 generation, 144.3% and 110.53% higher than Anhui White goats (5.32) respectively. 2. The ternary crossbreeding model “Possant†The native Anhui white goat was used as the female parent, the Saanen goat was the first male parent, the boer goat was the second male parent, and the hybrid sheep was fattened. Possan's three-way crossbreeding, like body weight, body size, meat production ability, and comprehensive quality of the board, is similar to that of the binary crossbreeding. It is greatly improved compared to the Anhui white goat and the hybrids use the hybrid heterosis of hybrid ewes. A generation of ewes has better lactation, which is very favorable for promoting the early weight gain of the three-way hybrid lamb. Compared with binary hybrids, some of the meat quality traits decreased more than those of Anhui White goats, such as flesh color, marble grain, water system, NPT rate, muscle fiber fineness, etc.; plate skin evenness, three yuan Hybrids are not as good as binary crosses and are basically the same as Anhui white goats. Second, the combination of feed supplementation according to the sheep's nutritional needs and the characteristics of local feed resources, the supply of meat sheep with fine material, the conditions of the region to promote sheep premix, concentrates and full price materials. Third, the processing of straw feed The province's animal husbandry is a typical farm animal husbandry, crop straw is the main feed for sheep, straw types are wheat straw, straw, corn stalks, bean stalks, hawthorn vines, peanut pods and so on. According to the characteristics of different straw and roughage, processing methods such as shredding, crushing, silage, and ammoniating were adopted. 4. Combination of raising sheep and grasses According to the climate, soil types, and digestive characteristics of goats in our province, we mainly promote high-yield pasture varieties such as ryegrass, eucalyptus, alfalfa and chicory, and combine sheep and pasture to Produce high quality goat meat. Fifth, the management of scientific goats like a dry, cool living environment, in a hot and humid environment, easy to infect a variety of diseases. Therefore, goat shelters should be built in areas with high ground or dryness, and the sheep house should be kept well ventilated. For the hot, rainy and humid southern regions, high bed breeding should be adopted. Goats like to be clean and sensitive to odors. Before eating, they use their noses to smell. Any feed that has odor, is contaminated or has spoilage, and pasted pasture is unwilling to eat. Therefore, it is better to provide goats with feedstuffs that are more palatable and cannot be contaminated. Drinking water should be clean. Sixth, the disease prevention of goats must be fattened before and after the fattening of the external parasites, so as not to affect the fattening effect. Deworming species can be based on the types of parasites commonly occurring in the area, for the purpose of choosing anthelmintic drugs, commonly used anthelmintic drugs are levamisole, albendazole, amitraz, quinone, avermectin and so on. For the diseases that are seriously endangered by the production of meat goats, it is necessary to inject vaccines in advance according to the prevailing characteristics of the region and cut off the route of transmission of the disease bacteria. VII. Slaughter at a proper time For meat goats with binary cross and triple cross, the growth of the goats in the early stage is good, especially when the growth rate is faster before 6 months of age, the growth rate becomes slow after 6 months, and it grows after 8 months of age. Slower. Therefore, the fattening hybrid goats were slaughtered at around 6 months of age, and they should not exceed 8 months of age at the latest.