Greenhouse tomato cultivation technology
In recent years, vegetable farmers in Shouguang City, Shandong Province have used the continuous growth characteristics of tomatoes to test successful greenhouse cultivation techniques for greenhouses throughout the year, including the three stages of early spring, summer and autumn, and early and late harvesting. In the fruit period, fresh fruits are listed in the off-season and the economic benefits are very significant. Now we will introduce the cultivation techniques as follows: 1. Variety selection. Suitable for a large variety of tomato cultivation must meet the following conditions: low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance, disease resistance, and regeneration ability. Tests have proved that the species of unlimited growth type is suitable for cultivation in large scales throughout the year. At present, the most representative variety is wool powder 802. 2. Cultivate strong seedlings. Sowing in early December. Seed disinfection before sowing, immersed in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes, so that the germ surface of the seed loses its activity, and then soaked germination. The seedbed is prepared with nutritious soil and treated with chemicals. After soaking the water, the seedlings are evenly spread to cover fine soil 0.5 cm-1 cm. Keep the seedbed moist and keep the temperature at 25°C--30°C for 5 days-7 days. . After the emergence, the plants were exposed and ventilated. They were kept at 20°C-25°C during the day and 12°C-14°C at night to control the length of Miaowang. Immediately after the seedlings sparse seedlings. To be seedlings grow to 4 - 5 true leaves when planting, seedling age of 40 days. 3. Colonization. The first two months of the next year will be planted in the first ten days of planting - 15 days before the planting. Immediately after the shed, the land was deep-leveled, combined with 5000 kg of chicken manure per acre per acre, 100 kg of NPK fertilizer, 100 kg of calcium fertilizer, and ridged after pouring. Planted in large and small rows, with 80 cm wide rows, 40 cm rows, 20 cm ridge height, 2 rows per ridge, and 4000 cultivars per acre. 4. Early spring management. After the planting, the greenhouse was raised and the seedlings were promoted. After daytime soaking, the temperature is maintained at 25°C--28°C during the day and 12°C--15°C at night. After the seedlings are slowly poured, they are poured with small water. Afterwards, they see dry, wet, and small water. Single stem pruning, leaving 4 ear fruit, 3 fruit for each ear. Timely hanging rope hanger. After fruit set, combine top dressing with watering 2 times, each time applying 15 kg - 20 kg of NPK fertilizer per acre. Flowering stalks with 2,4-D flowering increase flower setting. In this period, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of late blight, early blight and leaf mold. The first ear was harvested 50 days after flowering. 5. Over the summer management. After the beginning of summer, the air was strengthened and the film was removed before the shed in late May. Tomato 4th fruit after flowering topping heart, and later selected to leave 2 robust lateral branches, each lateral branch leaves 2 ear fruit. At this time, due to the elongation of the plants, a vine was dropped and the lower part was bent to keep the plants occupying a moderate space. After collateral flowering and fruiting, it enters the hot summer season. To ensure a safe summer, shade the silver shade net on the film to reduce the temperature by 3°C--5°C. The shade net was removed in mid-August. In late August, it entered the fruit harvest again. This period should strengthen the prevention and treatment of viral diseases and cotton instars. 6. Autumn postponed management. From late September to early October, the fruits of the over-harvested period are about to be harvested, and the latent buds in the lower part of the plant begin to germinate. Select two new robust branches that are 10 cm to 15 cm long, and remove the rest. When two branches grow to 25 cm to 30 cm, remove 2/3 of the height of the new leaves, bend them to the ground, press them down with soil, expose two or three leaves on the top, and all the new branches need to be fixed and watered. The site soon grew a lot of roots. Immediately after harvesting all the fruits, the old plants are cut away from the new branch at 3 cm to promote the growth of new shoots. At the same time, a new branch with weak growth is removed and the old shelf is trimmed. The other new branch that remains is taken as the third result of the tomato. The plant is re-suspended. After the new plants were cultivated, the weather turned cold, and the shed's face membrane was re-covered. The greenhouse temperature was controlled at 25°C--28°C during the day and 10°C--12°C during the night, and the fertilizer and water management was strengthened. In the middle and late December, it entered the third fruit harvest. In order to extend the harvest time, live trees can be used to preserve fresh fruit and extend the harvest period. After the fruit enters the green ripening period, the shed's microclimate is adjusted to a suitable low temperature so that the fruit does not suffer from chilling injury. This can be kept for 20 days. --30 days to extend the period of fruit supply. This period should strengthen the prevention and treatment of late blight, whitefly and Liriomyza sativae.