With the continuous increase of the protected area of ​​Chaoyang City, the greenhouse area of ​​the Shuangta District has also increased from 800hm2 to 2333.3hm2. This requires more diversity of protected land patterns. Greenhouse zucchini has been cultivated in the Shuangta District for many years. From the initial experiments and demonstrations to the large-scale promotion of today, the cultivation techniques of zucchini have been difficult to unify. This article mainly summarizes the local cultivation techniques, and mainly promotes three varieties of French zucchini, namely winter jade, Caesar and Ferrari. The Shuangta District promoted the cultivation of French zucchini in the greenhouse in 2008. Due to its simple management, low temperature resistance, strong disease resistance, high yield and good efficiency, it was widely accepted by shed households. The cultivated area expanded year by year, and the area of ​​promotion reached 36.7hm2 in 2010. There are more than 400 greenhouses.

1 variety selection

Dongyu, Ferrari, Caesar and other varieties have strong disease resistance, strong cold tolerance, strong melon, melon code, 30-35 melons per plant, and the fruit is resistant to storage and transportation. The melon is cylindrical, 20-22 cm long and 5-6 cm in diameter. The melon is green and shiny. The harvest period is 200d. These varieties are suitable for planting in the Shuangta area in late October, planting 15,000-1.65 plants/hm2, and the yield can reach 22.5t/hm2 or above. It is a special variety for high-temperature cultivation in the solar greenhouse.

2 nursery

From July to August, the greenhouse can be planted in greenhouses and cold sheds, and the squash can be broadcast live on the ridges, and the cultivating seedlings can be planted in autumn and winter, wintering, winter and spring. Autumn seedlings 15-17d, winter nursery 18-20d. The nutrient soil was prepared with 1/3 decomposed manure and 2/3 fertile garden soil. 1 kg of diammonium phosphate and 50 g of carbendazim were added per 1 m3 of nutrient soil, thoroughly stirred, sieved, and filled with 9 cm 9 cm or 10 cm 10 cm plastic nutrient or nutrient. Refill the nutrient soil, which is suitable for 9 minutes (different 1cm). Do it in advance (畦1m, length 6m, height 15cm, width 30cm).耧 flat noodles, watering, full of nutritious 钵, spray water with a watering can, after water seepage, the soil is solid, sowing. The seeds were placed flat in the center of the crucible, covered with nutrient soil (thickness 1.5 cm), and covered with a plastic film. When 80% of the seeds are emerged, the mulch film is removed, and the seedlings are planted in 1 leaf and 1 heart.

3 Preparation before planting

Remove the wreckage and dead leaves of the crops in the shed. Turn the ground deep into 35-40cm, combine with the soil preparation of high-quality agricultural fertilizer 150-225t/hm2, evenly spread, sputum flat, made into large scorpion (畦 width 1.5m, 埂 width 30cm, height 20cm), and then make 2 small Ridge (20cm wide, 10cm high). Plant zucchini on a small ridge. It can also be made into a large ridge (1.3m wide, 20cm high, 50cm ridge spacing), 12-15cm shallow ditch in the middle of the large ridge, and used for watering afterwards (the drip irrigation does not do the ditch). Whether doing ridges or ridges, ditching on rafts or ridges, applying 450kg/hm2 of diammonium phosphate or 525-600kg/hm2 of ternary compound fertilizer, mix well with soil and fertilizer, and then do ridges.

4 colonization

Double rows are planted on small ridges or large ridges, with small row spacing and plant spacing of 50 and 70 cm respectively. Planting 15,000-1.65 plants / hm2. After planting, the seedling water is poured once to be poured. The mulch is covered in November.

5 post-plant management

5.1 Temperature Management

The minimum temperature, the highest temperature and the optimum temperature for the growth of French zucchini are 8, 22, 12-20 °C. When it is cold (12:00-13:00), it can be increased by about 2 °C. In the deep winter, the greenhouse should be kept above 8 °C. Release the wind in time when the temperature is high.

5.2 Water and fertilizer management

When taking the first melon, strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, apply 300kg/hm2 of compound fertilizer or 300kg/hm2 of potassium nitrate and diammonium, and apply fertilizer once every l5d, and apply 150kg/humic acid fertilizer with water once every other time. Hm2.

5.3 hanging vine

When the plants grow to 40 cm, two tethers per line are attached to both sides of the base, and the plants are sandwiched in the middle, and the upper side is tied to the pull line. The sling does not wrap around the plant. Bamboo trusses can also be used, one for each plant, the upper and lower sides are fixed on the horizontal line, and inserted next to the plants. Plant the plant first on the bamboo pole, grow a section, and tie it to the bamboo pole with a cloth strip.

5.4 smeared melon, control

Timely release the air, the temperature is adjusted to 12-22 ° C, early to open the curtain, the evening curtain; in the case of difficult temperature control, using chemical control to regulate growth.

5.5 Plant regulation

9 pieces of true leaves do not leave melons, the flowers will be sown in time, leaving the first melon in the 10th leaf. Generally, the winter temperature is low, the soil fertility is poor, every 1 melon is thinned out, and the spring, autumn, or soil is fertile. When the bottom is fat, it can be reserved more. The melon should be timely, see the buds, and always keep the big, medium, Small three generations of melons, do not leave the same size melons, the best melons to stay in melons, try not to leave melons.

5.6 Pest Control

French zucchini is more resistant to disease and milder, but it cannot be neglected. Common common diseases are gray mold and powdery mildew. Gray mold control methods: First, strengthen field management, timely removal of residual flowers. Clean the sick body, keep the field sanitary, prevent the spread of germs, and control the temperature. The second is to use watering under the film or drip irrigation, the humidity at night should be less than 80%. When the humidity is high, the measures should be taken. In the later stage of production, the old leaves should be cleaned up in time to increase ventilation and light transmission, so that the plants grow robustly and increase disease resistance. The third is chemical control. Use 50% phlegm hyacinth powder 1000-1500 times solution, or 50% mancozeb WP 400 times solution, spray once every 6-7 days, even spray 2-3 times. When the soybean granules appear on the leaves, promptly fight the medicine, spray the leaves with powder, spray twice, or spray with gold fluoride 2000 times. The insects have leaf miner flies, which can be controlled by a net + square spirit spray, or with a water spray to prevent and control.

6 harvest

When the long strips of the melons should have a size, they should be harvested in time.

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